Specific steps of calligraphy seal cutting

The origin of seal is an art category with national historical and cultural characteristics. Seal, like a wonderful flower, constantly exudes unique fragrance in the extensive and profound China art garden, attracting people into this square world. The origin and evolution of seal is a unique historical and cultural product of China. In ancient times, seals were mainly used as tools for identification and driving authority. Its origin is due to the actual needs of social life. As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, seals had been produced. Today's seal has become a unique artistic treasure that integrates practicality and artistry. There are many nicknames for seals in different historical periods, some because of different uses, and some just have different names. Oracle Bone Inscriptions's "seal" is to hold a person down with his hand and make him kneel. By the end of the week, the word "seal" has become a claw shape, which shows that the word "seal" has evolved from "suppression" Today, we still use "yin" as a verb, such as "yin" and "yin", which shows that "yin" as a trustworthy noun is transformed from use. In the Zhou Dynasty, India was collectively called India or India Festival. According to the sealing system of Qin dynasty, only the emperor can call it sealing. At this time, the seal has become a symbol of status and power. The Han dynasty inherited the Qin system, and the emperor called it a seal, and the general officials called it a seal, seal or seal. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the official seal gradually became larger, mostly Jiuding. After Wu Zetian came to power, she died of the evil "seal" sound and ordered to turn the seal into treasure. After Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, "Bao", as the special name of the emperor's seal, continued until the Qing Dynasty. In addition, there are some nicknames for seals, such as Ji, Zhu Ji and Qi in the Song Dynasty, pawn in the Yuan Dynasty, Fu, Qi and Xin in the Ming Dynasty, which were gradually eliminated after the Qing Dynasty. Only the "seal" and "Zhang" have continued to this day, still maintaining a strong vitality. As a symbol, the characteristics of seals have remained basically unchanged since ancient times. However, the frequent appearance of leisure stamps after the Tang and Song Dynasties shows that seals are gradually changing to artistic appreciation. Among the famous literati, Zhao's page (1254- 1322) was the first to advocate seal cutting and was also the first famous figure to use Qingtian ice sculpture. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Indian people rose to catch up with Qin and Han Dynasties. With the joint efforts of several generations of Indians, the aesthetic value of seals has become more and more prominent. Since the Qing Dynasty, seals have become independent works of art alongside calligraphy and painting. In the long history of seal development, there have been two climaxes, one in the Qin and Han Dynasties and the other in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. After Qin unified the six countries in the Qin and Han Dynasties, while strengthening centralization, it absorbed local cultures and merged them into a major source of ancient culture in China. Reflected in the seal field, it is the hierarchy of the system, the unity of the text and the simplicity of the style. Systematically speaking, the Qin Dynasty formulated a relatively perfect official seal system. Literally, Qin Yin changed the complicated situation of the Warring States font, unified the seal with imitation in style, paid attention to practicality, and presented a simple and natural beauty in printing, composition and button style. Although the history is short, the achievements made by Qin Yin and its role as a link between the past and the future are very significant and important. Han Dynasty is the heyday in the history of seal development. This period not only inherited and perfected the official seal system established in the Qin Dynasty, but also made the specifications, buttons and shapes of seals more unified, forming a profound and colorful artistic style unique to Chinese seal. This lofty and almost perfect artistic realm has become a model for future generations to look up to learning, appreciation and admiration. The achievements of Han and India can be summarized as the following five aspects: complete system, various categories, standardized writing, natural composition and exquisite skills. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the era of seal fever. Since Wen Peng vigorously promoted the lamp-frozen stone, for a time, "everyone has a brush, and every family has a A Qin Han", which set off a heat wave of layers of seals. During this period, famous artists competed with each other, schools competed with each other, and the collection of printed spectrum and printing theory contributed to the second climax in the history of seal development. Appreciation of seal art The aesthetic value of seal can be summarized in two aspects: the artistic beauty of seal and the material beauty of seal. The beauty of printing art can be divided into four parts: printing, printing, printing spectrum and printing decoration. To appreciate seal script, we must first master the characteristics of artistic expression techniques such as calligraphy, composition and knife cutting, and then understand the interest and implication contained in the content of seal script, and then savor it carefully and experience it slowly. Printers who have been very successful in calligraphy attach great importance to calligraphy, as we have learned in the previous chapter.