Tixilinbi
Viewed horizontally, it looks like a ridge and a peak on the side, with different heights near and far.
I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain.
Notes
Xilin: Xilin Temple in Lushan Mountain.
Yuan: Because.
This mountain: refers to Mount Lu.
Looking horizontally: Viewed from the front, from the front of the mountain to the back, the mountain lies in front of you, so it is said to look horizontally. Lushan Mountain generally runs north-south, and when viewed horizontally, it means looking from the east to the west.
Different: Not the same.
Title: writing; inscription.
Deng: climb.
Floating: floating.
Side: Viewed from the side.
Knowledge: see clearly.
Face: refers to the scenery of Mount Lu.
[Edit this paragraph] Literal translation
Seen from the front, the mountains of Mount Lushan are rolling, and from the side, the peaks of Mount Lushan are towering. Seen from the distance, near, high, and low, Lushan Mountain takes on various forms. People don’t know the true face of Mount Lu just because they are in Mount Lu. This illustrates a truth: the authorities are confused, but the bystanders are clear.
[Edit this paragraph] Brief analysis
When Su Shi was demoted from Huangzhou to Ruzhou to serve as deputy envoy of regiment training, he passed through Jiujiang and visited Mount Lu. The magnificent mountains and rivers triggered great thoughts, so he wrote several travel poems about Mount Lu. "Tixilinbi" is a summary after visiting Mount Lushan. It describes the changing appearance of Mount Lushan and uses the scenery to reason. It points out that observation issues should be objective and comprehensive. If it is subjective and one-sided, no correct conclusion can be drawn.
The first two sentences, "Looking across the mountain, it looks like a ridge or a peak on the side, with different heights from near to far", which is a realistic description of what you see when you travel to the mountains. Lushan Mountain is a large mountain with crisscrossing hills and undulating peaks. Visitors will see different scenery depending on their location. These two sentences summarize and vividly describe the ever-changing scenery of Lushan Mountain.
The last two sentences, "I don't know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain" are reasoning in the scene and talking about the experience of traveling in the mountain. Why can't we recognize the true face of Mount Lushan? Because we are in Lushan Mountain, our field of vision is limited by the peaks and ridges of Lushan Mountain. What we see is only one peak, one ridge, one hill and one ravine of Lushan Mountain, only part of it. This is bound to be one-sided. This is what you see when you travel to the mountains, and it is often the same when you observe things in the world. These two poems have rich connotations, and they inspire us to understand a philosophy of how to deal with people - because people are in different positions and have different starting points for looking at problems, their understanding of objective things will inevitably be one-sided; to understand the truth of things and the overall picture, we must transcend the narrow scope and get rid of subjective prejudices.
This is a philosophical poem, but the poet does not make an abstract discussion, but closely talks about his unique feelings about the mountain tour. With the help of the image of Mount Lu, he uses popular language to express the philosophy in a simple and profound way. , so it is friendly, natural and thought-provoking.
Among the many works praising Mount Lu, Su Shi's poem on the wall of Xilin Temple is as famous as Li Bai's "Looking at the Waterfall of Mount Lu". However, the artistic conception of the two poems is quite different: Li Bai used the description of the scenery of Xianglufeng Waterfall to highlight the majestic momentum of Mount Lu and inspire people's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland; Su Shi did not describe specific scenery, but summarized it Browse the general impression of Lushan Mountain and reveal a philosophy of life to inspire readers' thinking and understanding. The strength of this quatrain lies not in its image or emotion, but in its sense and interest. Facing the majestic Mount Lu, the poet sighed and said: Looking at Mount Lu from the front, it is a long and horizontal ridge; looking at Mount Lu from the side, it is a towering peak. If you look at it from different distances and heights, the Lushan Mountain before your eyes will be full of different images. Why can't we grasp the true appearance of Lushan Mountain accurately and completely? It's just because people's vision is limited in this mountain.
"I don't know the true face of Mount Lu, but I am only in this mountain." Could it be that what the poet said was just looking at the mountain, and was he referring to just one mountain in Mount Lu? There are mountains and mountains all over the world. Which one of them doesn’t have different angles and different mountain topography? Everything in the universe has different starting points and different observation results! For everything, if you hide it in its circle, you will lose sight of the overall situation and the truth; only by objectively studying all aspects of it can you obtain a correct understanding. This is what the adage goes: Those in authority are confused, but onlookers know clearly.
The poem is cleverly and uniquely written, explaining the profound things in a simple way, and is full of wisdom. After we read it, we seem to be a little smarter ourselves.
This is a landscape poem with paintings in the poem, and it is also a philosophical poem. The philosophy is contained in the description of the scenery of Mount Lu. In the late spring and early summer of the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Shi traveled to Mount Lu for more than ten days and was attracted by the majestic and beautiful scenery of Mount Lu. Therefore, he wrote more than ten poems praising Mount Lu, and this is one of them. The first two sentences describe the different morphological changes of Mount Lu. From the side, Lushan Mountain stretches and winds, with lush mountains and ridges connected endlessly; from the side, the peaks are undulating, with strange peaks protruding into the clouds. Looking at Lushan Mountain from different directions from far away and from near, you will see different colors and momentum of the mountain. The last two sentences express the author's reflection after deep thought: The reason why you will have different impressions when looking at Mount Lu from different directions is because "you don't know the true face of Mount Lu, just because you are in this mountain." In other words, only by staying away from Mount Lushan and jumping out of the shelter of Mount Lushan can we fully grasp the true demeanor of Mount Lushan. These two sentences are full of profound philosophy and have become widely read aphorisms.
Located in the northern part of Jiangxi Province, Mount Lushan stands on the south bank of the Yangtze River and on the shore of Poyang Lake. Since ancient times, it has been known as "the most beautiful mountain in the world". Not only is it surrounded by hills and mountains, with more than ninety peaks, but it is also shrouded in clouds and mist all year round. Her ever-changing, magnificent and fascinating mountain scenery has been praised by literati and poets of all ages. Qian Qi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote:
The wind and rain are so close at hand that you cannot climb into the hut.
I only suspect that there are still monks from the Six Dynasties in the clouds and mist.
The wind, rain, clouds and fog in Lushan Mountain surprised the poet. The reason why Lushan Mountain is so magical and unpredictable seems to be due to the effect of clouds and mist. However, Su Shi, the great poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, used his unique feelings to create a new artistic conception. This is the popular "Inscription on the Western Forest Wall". This poem was written by Su Shi in April of the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), when he and his friend Shen Lio visited Xilin Temple in Mount Lu. In fact, when he first entered Lushan Mountain more than ten years ago, he wrote a five-character poem: "The green mountains are as if they are plain, and the jianjian is not close to each other. If you want to know the face of Lushan Mountain, he is an old friend." He said wittily. When I saw Lushan for the first time, it was like meeting an arrogant stranger; if I wanted to get acquainted with him, I would have to come and go often from now on. So he "travelled north and south of the mountain for more than ten days" and finally wrote this famous poem praising Mount Lu.
Here, the poet intends to directly understand the nature of Mount Lu through the veil of clouds and mist. You see, when he looked at it from the side, he got the impression of mountains; when he looked at it from the side, he saw strange peaks. Whether you look from a distance, look up close, look down from a high place, or look up from a low place, you will see completely different scenes. However, Su Shi did not stop at wonderment and confusion like other poets, but further thought: after all, the thousands of strange things people see are partial scenery, not the true face of Lushan Mountain. The reason is that tourists fail to look beyond Lushan Mountain to see the whole picture. They stick to the mountain and "cannot see the forest for the trees", so naturally it is difficult to see its original image.
The last two sentences are full of whimsy and the whole artistic conception is fully revealed, providing readers with a space to reflect on their experience and gallop their imagination. Is it possible to have this kind of rational understanding just by traveling through mountains and rivers? To put it more simply, when we are discussing a certain problem, don’t we sometimes get into trouble because we get into trouble? When we are engaged in a certain job, don’t we sometimes get entangled in some details and find it difficult to extricate ourselves? Generally speaking, when people understand the objective world, they often have prejudices that are limited to a certain part or aspect and fail to focus on the overall situation. They fail to grasp the objective. It is just the poet singing about the wonders and majesty of Mount Lu, and it is also Su Shi. The understanding of truth derived from it with the perspective of a philosopher.
Since this kind of understanding is profound and conforms to objective laws, in addition to the beautiful images of valleys and peaks that give people a sense of beauty, the poem also contains profound philosophy that enlightens people's minds. Therefore, this little poem is extraordinarily implicit and far-reaching, making people read it endlessly.
The meaning of this poem is very profound, but the language used is extremely simple. Explaining the profound things in a simple way is exactly one of Su Shi's language characteristics. When Su Shi wrote poems, he had no habit of carving. What the poet pursues is to use a simple, smooth and fluent language to express a fresh and unprecedented artistic conception; and this artistic conception is shining with the light of philosophy from time to time. Judging from this poem, the language expression is concise, but its connotation is rich. In other words, poetry itself is a highly unified image and logic. In four lines of poem, the poet summarized the characteristics of the image of Mount Lu, and at the same time accurately pointed out the reason why looking at the mountain is incomprehensible. The vivid sensibility and clear rationality are intertwined, causing each other, and the image of the poem is therefore sublimated into a typical example in the realm of reason. This is why people regard the last two sentences as philosophical aphorisms thousands of times.
If the poetry tradition before the Song Dynasty was characterized by expressing aspirations and emotions, then in the Song Dynasty, especially Su Shi, a new style of poetry characterized by reasoning and reasoning emerged. This style of poetry is a new path developed by the Song Dynasty people after Tang poetry. In Su Shi's words, it is "creating new ideas in the law and expressing wonderful principles in the bold and unrestrained". The characteristics that form this type of poetry are: shallow language and deep meaning, embodying reasoning based on things, and conveying a taste of indifference. "Inscribed on the Wall of the Western Forest" is such a good poem.
[Edit this paragraph] About the author
Su Shi (1037-1101), also known as Zizhan and Dongpo Jushi. He is a famous writer, thinker and politician, and one of the eight great writers of prose in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry, and prose. His calligraphy, together with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fu, is known as the "Four Calligraphy Masters of the Song Dynasty"; he is good at painting bamboo, wood and strange rocks, and he is also outstanding in painting theory and calligraphy theory. He is the literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty. His prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu; his poetry is as famous as Huang Tingjian; his poetry is majestic and bold, and he changed the graceful style of his poetry. Together with Xin Qiji of the Southern Song Dynasty, he is called "Su Xin", and *** is A bold poet. Su Shi (1037-1101), also known as Zizhan and Hezhong, also known as "Dongpo Jushi" and posthumously named "Wenzhong", was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Meizhou, Sichuan). He was the eldest son of his father Su Xun. He was a famous poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Literary artist, calligrapher, painter, essayist and poet. A representative figure of the bold and unrestrained faction. He, his father Su Xun (1009-1066) and his younger brother Su Zhe (1039-1112) are all famous for their literature, and are known as the "Three Sus" in the world; they are as famous as the "Three Cao Fathers and Sons" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) in the late Han Dynasty . He is also one of the famous Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties. The Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties are the collective name of the eight representative prose writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties, namely Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty and Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Che, Wang Anshi, and Zeng in the Song Dynasty. Gong. His works include "Seven Collections of Dongpo" and "Dongpo Yuefu". Politically, he belongs to the old party.