He was born in a peasant family, and he was always ambitious. He studied the art of vertical and horizontal sexual intercourse with Guiguzi for many years. During the Warring States period, a famous strategist advocated vertical integration (uniting with other countries to deal with Qin).
After learning from Guiguzi, Su Qin traveled for several years and achieved nothing, resulting in "the wife can't stay, the sister-in-law can't cook, and the parents can't talk." Su Qin sighed: "My wife doesn't take me as a husband, my sister-in-law doesn't take me as an uncle, and my parents don't take me as a son. It's really the sin of the Qin Dynasty!" I can't leave the room, but I can read the whole book. When Su Qin studied Taigong's Yin Fu hard, whenever he was sleepy, he stabbed him with a cone. This is the origin of this idiom. Written in two books, one is "chuai" and the other is "mo", which records the warring States policy. Su Qin's most brilliant time was to persuade the six monarchs to unite, which was a wonderful rhetoric. So he joined the five countries (Chu had not joined the alliance at that time) and marched into Qin. However, the situation reversed, and the differences within the alliance made him flee before the war.
And * * *, launched a joint Korea, Zhao, Yan, Wei, Qi, forcing the abolition of emperor Qin abdicated. On the eve of Le Yi's rest, he died in a car accident. There are 3 1 species of perilla recorded in Han Art history and literature. There are sixteen articles and letters in the silk book Warring States Policy, which is different from the historical records.
Jie Jin Jie Jin, a famous scholar and cabinet official in Ming Dynasty.
Jie Jin (1369- 14 15) was a famous scholar and cabinet official in Ming dynasty. The word big gentry,no. big gentry, Chunyu, Chinese, Han nationality, Jishui, Jiangxi, my brother. Hongwu was a scholar in the twelfth year. Together with Yang Shen and Xu Wei, he is called "the three great talents of Jie Jin in Ming Dynasty" (some people call him "the first talent of Daming"), the master of couplets and the editor-in-chief of Yongle Dadian.
Jie Jin was born on 1 1 July 7th (1369 65438+February 6th) in Jianshui, Jishui. Grandfather Xie Ziyuan, a scholar in the fifth year of Yuan Dynasty (1345), was given the title of Fuzhou secretariat, then moved to Taishiyuan and died in the war at the end of Yuan Dynasty. Father untied, Second Chief Wei Du, five pillars of islam. He gave the official political knowledge without worship at his father's funeral, and was given an official position in the early Ming Dynasty, but he was not subject to this. He devoted himself to writing, running schools and cultivating talents. Mother Gao Miaoying is not only virtuous and wise, but also knowledgeable in history, small letters and melody. Jie Jin grew up in such a family and received a good education from an early age. Legend has it that he was extremely clever since he was a child and was known as a "child prodigy". His mother painted the land as a figure and taught it in a leg cover. He never forgot it at first sight. At the age of 5, the books taught by my father should be memorized; At the age of 7, he can describe the text and write poems with old idioms; 10 years old, recite thousands of words in a few days, and never forget it for life; 12 years old, read four books and five classics as far as I can.
In the twentieth year of Hongwu (A.D. 1387), he took the provincial examination in Jiangxi, ranking first (Xie Yuan); In the second year, he will try for the seventh time, and will join his brother Aaron and his brother-in-law. Elect Jishi Shu as the secretary of the middle school. Jie Jin has the ability to manage the country and safeguard national security. When he first became an official, he was deeply loved by Zhu Yuanzhang and often served around. One day, Taizu said to Iraq in the Great East and West Room, "If you are righteous with your son, you are a monarch and a minister. If you are kind to your father and son, you will know everything." I wrote a thousand words in the morning and made a statement. He suggested that government decrees should be stable, penalties should be simplified, classics and history should be sorted out, rituals and music should be formulated, sages should be commended, sages should be worshipped, prostitutes should be forbidden to be superior, temples should be castrated easily, taxes should be reduced, scriptures should be burned, ghosts and witches should be eliminated, redundant staff should be laid off and Su Min should be saved. He also pointed out that the imperial court chose talents and appointed the most virtuous; We should reform the current disadvantages, encourage farming, and implement the method of equal land distribution, so as to avoid exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes and enable the people to recuperate; We should advocate martial arts to strengthen border defense and respect literature to recruit talents; Punishment does not implicate the wife, and Chu does not add officials. In his speech, Mao repeatedly praised Jie Jin's genius in defending national security and helping the world. Soon, Jin put forward ten strategies for peace and expounded his political views again, which was praised by Mao. Hongwu was a scholar in the 21st year, with a bachelor's degree in Hanlin. Wen Jian served as the first official of the Cabinet from November of the 4th year to February of the 5th year of Yongle (1402- 1407).
In the Ming Dynasty, Jie Jin, Huanghuai, Yang Shiqi and others joined Wenyuan Pavilion, joined the Hanlin Bachelor's degree, participated in the maintenance, ordered the repair of the Yongle Grand Ceremony, and succeeded to the throne in the fifth year of Yongle (1407). Bachelor Jin Hanlin and bachelor Zuo Chunfang both made imperial edicts at one time. Because of the prince, he was vilified by Hanwang Gao Xu. In the fifth year of Yongle (1407), he was banished to the Guangxi Public Security Department for "forbidding Han" and "unfair marking", and was framed by Li Zhigang and changed his mind. There is a saying that Jie Jin was banished to Guangxi. Cheng Zu of the Ming Dynasty had three sons, all of whom were born to the queen, but it is still inconclusive who can become a prince. The second son is high-spirited and domineering. Because of his meritorious service in the war, he secretly ran for the crown prince. Cheng Zu doted on Gao Xu and asked Jie Jin for advice. Jie Jin said: "The eldest son of the emperor is benevolent, and the world belongs to his heart." Chengzu remained silent. Jie Jin added, "What a sacred sun!" If cheng zu realizes something. It turned out that the son of Gao Chi, the eldest son of the emperor, was deeply loved by Cheng Zu. Soon after, Cheng Zu showed a picture of a tiger and ordered the courtiers to write poems. Jie Jin saw the picture and immediately wrote a song. The poem reads: "The tiger is the respect of all animals, who dares to move its anger?" Only the love of father and son, step by step. When Grandfather saw this poem, he knew that Jie Jin had borrowed a fable, and he felt it deeply in his heart. His ministers also advocated that the emperor's eldest son, Gao Chi, be a prince, and this matter was finally solved. Although the prince was established, he was still disliked by Cheng Zu. Jie Jin protested: "This will cause disputes, which is not good." Cheng Zu was very unhappy and thought that he was deliberately alienating them and stimulating them with enthusiasm. In a rage, Cheng Zu banished Jie Jin to Guangxi.
In the eighth year of Yongle (14 10), he went to Beijing to see the prince privately. After Gao Xu knew about it, he said that he had made an unannounced visit to the East Palace, and there must be something hidden. Ming Chengzu was very angry. He was imprisoned for five years because of "bad manners". In the 13th year of Yongle (14 15), Jin Yiwei ordered Ji Gang to be imprisoned. When the emperor saw Jie Jin's name, he asked, "Are you still there?" It's a pity When Zhu learned of this, he was afraid of using it again, so he bribed the Royal Guards to command Ji Gang, ordered him to get drunk with wine, and then dragged him to the snow to freeze to death. In the winter of the thirteenth year of Yongle, he was only 47 years old.
Jie Jin's wife moved to Liaodong. After Injong ascended the throne, he was called to his wife family. Hou Qiao Cheng Wenyi. In the first year of Xianzong Chenghua (1465), it was returned to his official as a gift from the courtiers.
Jie Jin is good at calligraphy, especially Weeds. His ink includes poems in books and poems in Tang Dynasty. Wu Mingkuan's Collection of Letters from One Weng's Family said: "In Yongle, many people can write books, and the bachelor should be the first person to solve the problem. He should write fluently and skillfully." He is the author of Wen Yi.
Fan Zhen (1007- 1088), a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, was born in Huayang, a writer and historian of the Northern Song Dynasty, and a bachelor of Hanlin. Fan Zhen has written a lot and participated in the revision of New Tang Book. There is a story of "three modes of compiling history" in China historians. Fan San refers to Fan Zhen, Fan Zuyu and Fan Chong, all of whom are from Huayang County (now Shuangliu County).
Born in Jingdezhen, Song Zhenzong for four years, he died in Yuanyou, Zhejiang for two years at the age of eighty-one. In the first year of Song Renzong Baoyuan (1038), he was the top scholar. In the Renzong era, he knew about the suggestion court and was famous for daring to speak and dare to suggest. He never believes in Buddhism. Please try your best to make great contributions, and face Chen earnestly, with tears in your eyes. Before and after Chapter 19, stand by for more than 100 days, and the hair must be white. Later, he was a bachelor of Hanlin, and co-edited New Tang Book with Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi. Politically, Fan Ju supported Sima Guang's new law theory, which was inconsistent with Wang Anshi's. He illegally violated the young crops law and disturbed the people. He bluntly said that the political reform was a trick to cripple the people, and later became an official. Zhezong acceded to the throne and became a bachelor of Duanming Temple, but he refused to worship. I'm tired of sealing Shu Jun Gong. When the town was young, it tasted blazing but rode around on a horse. Late to Liao, Liao people's eyes are screaming. Death, stone, to Dr. You Jinzi Guanglu. There are collections of works, Dong Zhai Zhi, 100 volumes, Biography of the History of Song Dynasty and the general catalogue of Four Treasures of the Study handed down from ancient times. Su Shi, a fellow countryman friend, said in the article "Fan Epitaph": "His writing is beautiful and simple, and scholars think it is a model." "The festival is coming, we should have a big discussion, strong words and harmony. We often want to continue to die, although we are unyielding in front of thousands of people ... ".
Dongzhai Notes is a current affairs note written by Fan Zhen, which covers the rules and regulations of the Northern Song Dynasty, anecdotes of literati, Sichuan customs and so on. Participating in the compilation are: The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Records of Renzong, Jade Dies, Calendar and Leipian.
Self-written: anthology 100, Jian yuan Ji 10, internal system Ji 30, external system Ji 10, Yan Zheng 3, Le Shu 3, Guo chaoyun dui 3, Guo chaoyun dui 3.
Zhang Qian (about 164- 1 14), an emissary of the Western Regions, was born in Chenggu County, Hanzhong (now Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province), an outstanding explorer, traveler and diplomat in China in the Han Dynasty, and made great contributions to the development of the Silk Road. It opened up the north-south road to the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, and introduced blood horses, grapes, alfalfa, pomegranate, flax and so on from various countries in the Western Regions.
The first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (BC 140) was Lang. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to attack the Huns jointly with the Yue people, and Zhang Qian was appointed as the special envoy. He left Longxi three years ago 138 and was captured by Xiongnu. In Xiongnu 10, Khan asked Zhang Qian to get married and have children, but Zhang Qian never forgot the mission of going to the western regions. After escaping, he went west to Dawan. King Dawan warmly welcomed Zhang Qian and his party. After living comfortably, he went to Dayue's house. The joint plan was rejected, and Dayue no longer wanted to resist the Huns. Then I went to the big summer and stayed for more than a year before I came back. On his way home, Zhang Qian changed from South Road to Nanshan in an attempt to avoid being discovered by Xiongnu, but he got it from Xiongnu and was detained for more than a year. In the third year of Yuan Shuo (BC 126), the Huns were in civil strife, and Zhang Qian took the opportunity to escape into the Han Dynasty. He gave a detailed report on the Western Regions to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, who made him a doctor in Taichung. Zhang Qian's first mission to the Western Regions lasted 13 years. Zhang Qian's second mission to the Western Regions was in 1 19 BC. When Zhang Qian was in the summer, he learned that he could spend the summer by taking the road from the southwest of Shu (now Sichuan Basin) and taking the poison of India (now India). Because he advised Liang Wudi to open the route to the southwest, it was blocked by Kunming Yi and failed to pass. In the sixth year of Yuanshuo, Zhang Qian made contributions to the Xiongnu with Wei Qing, so he made a fortune and looked forward to it. In the second year of Yuanshou (before 12 1), he and Li Guang left Beiping (now northeast Hebei) to attack the Huns; Zhang Qian, who came late in the army, was beheaded, and made atonement with Hou to avoid being Shu Ren. Later, Zhang Qian advised Wu Di to unite with Wu Sun (in today's Ili Valley), and Wu Di took Zhang Qian as a corps commander. In BC 1 19, 300 people were sent to Wusun with tens of thousands of cattle, sheep, gold and silk. Zhang Qian sent envoys to Wusun and sent envoys to the surrounding countries such as Dawan, Kangju, Yueshi and Daxia. This trip has also achieved great results. Western countries also sent envoys to visit Chang 'an. Wu Sun sent messengers to send Zhang Qian back to Han, and offered a horse to thank him. Ding Yuan in the second year (former 1 15), Zhang Qian also. Died the following year. After he sent envoys, he led envoys from various countries in the western regions to Han; Wu Sun finally married Han, and * * * defeated Xiongnu. Zhang Qian is the founder of Hanergy's ability to communicate with the western regions. Because of Zhang Qian's prestige in the Western Regions, the envoys of the Han Dynasty later called him Bo Wanghou to win the trust of other countries. Zhang Qian has made outstanding contributions to the opening of the Silk Road from China to the Western Regions, which is praised by the world. At that time, there were no historical records in western countries, which were reported by Zhang Qian and recorded in Historical Records and Hanshu. They were the original materials on which the history of Central Asia was studied and had important historical value.
Yue Fei Yue Fei (1103 ~1142), a famous patriotic soldier, was born in Li Xiaozhong, Yonghe Township, tangyin county in Song Xiangzhou (now Chenggang Village, tangyin county, Anyang City, Henan Province), a famous strategist, militarist and national hero in China history, and ranked fourth in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Proficient in military strategy, riding and shooting, and good at poetry and calligraphy. The army he led was called "Yue Jiajun", and the famous sentence "It is easy to shake the mountain, but difficult to shake the Yue Jiajun" was circulated, expressing the highest praise for "Yue Jiajun".
1 103 (the second year of Chongning in the Northern Song Dynasty), Yue Fei was born in an ordinary peasant family in tangyin county, Xiangzhou, Hebei West Road. Legend has it that when Yue Fei was born, there were big birds flying in the room, so his parents named him Fei.
When he was young, Yue Fei was heavy-eyed, taciturn and often had integrity. I like Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals and Sun Wu's The Art of War, and I often can't put it down. Worship (changed to "Zhou Dong" in Yue Quanzhuan, etc. ) As a teacher, learn to ride and shoot, and you can shoot from left to right within one month. Later, he worshipped Chen Guang as a teacher and learned the method of sword and gun. "One county is invincible." Yue Feisheng has divine power. He can bow 300 Jin and bend eight stones, so he is "a strange man at that time".
1 122 (the fourth year of Xuanhe), Tong Guan and Cai Youbing were defeated by the Khitan, and Liu Ge, an official of Hebei Province, recruited "brave warriors" in Zhengding County, Hebei Province to conquer Liao. Yue Fei was called up, and after selection, he was appointed as the captain of the "Death Squad". Yue Fei, 20, began his military career. Thieves, bandits, bandits and bandits made an insurrection in Xiangzhou and flew in for help. Fei showed outstanding performance, led more than 100 cavalry, adopted ambush scheme, and captured two thieves alive.
Yue Fei's father Yue He died this year. He left Liu Ge, left the army and went back to Shang Yin to honor his father. In the sixth year of Xuanhe, floods occurred in Hebei and other roads, and the life of the Yue family was difficult. In order to make a living, they flew to Hedong Road to join the army and were dismissed as partial schools.
1 125 years (the seventh year of Xuanhe), after Jin destroyed Liao, it invaded the south on a large scale and attacked Song. Song Huizong Zen is located in Zhao Huan, the eldest son is Qinzong, and changed to Jingkang the following year. East Road Jin Jun crossed the Yellow River and surrounded Kaifeng. Qin Zong used Li Gang to guard the capital, but finally agreed to negotiate peace, offered a lot of gold and silver, and allowed Taiyuan and other three towns and gold to be cut.
1 126 (the first year of Jingkang), Qin zong repented and ceded territory, and the two Jin armies met after capturing Taiyuan, and besieged Kaifeng in the south for the second time. At the same time, Qin Zong sent someone to send a wax book, and ordered Zhao Gou, King Kang, to be the marshal of Hebei military forces, recruiting all kinds of military forces for Qin Wang.
In Xiangzhou City, Liu Hao, a doctor from Wuyi City, was responsible for recruiting righteous men and routed troops. Yue Fei, who came back from the Pingding Army, witnessed the killing and slavery of the people after the Jin invasion. He was indignant and wanted to join the army, but he was worried that his mother was old and his wife and children were weak, so it was difficult to ensure safety in the mutiny. Mother-in-law Yao Shi is a woman who deeply understands important principles. She never wanted to drag her son down. Instead, she actively encouraged Yue Fei to "serve the country from the army" and tattooed the words "faithfully serve the country" for Fei Bei (the romance of later generations is "faithfully serve the country") (whether the tattooer is her mother-in-law is doubtful). Fei kept in mind his mother's teachings, reluctantly left his relatives and joined the front line against gold.
He is a staunch anti-Jin fighter. In more than ten years, he led Yue Jiajun to fight Jin Jun hundreds of times, invincible and "evenly matched". 1 140 years, went to the northern expedition, defeated 8 jin j in yancheng and yingchang successively, and marched into zhuxian town. However, Song Gaozong and Qin Gui made peace with one heart and ordered their withdrawal with 12 gold medals. Yue Fei was forced to fight alone. During the Song and Jin negotiations, Yue Fei was framed by Qin Gui, Zhang Jun and others, and was arrested and imprisoned. 114265438+10, Yue Fei was executed by the court on the trumped-up charge of "rebellion". Yue Fei was the most outstanding commander in chief in the Southern Song Dynasty. He attached great importance to the people's resistance to gold and created the plan of "connecting the river with the new moon" He advocated that the anti-Jin Rebels in the north of the Yellow River should cooperate with each other to fight against the Jin Army in order to recover lost territory. Yue Fei's literary talent is also rare among generals, and his immortal poem "Man Jiang Hong" is a patriotic masterpiece that has been told through the ages.
Song Qi (998- 106 1) was a writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zi was born in Anlu, Anzhou (now Anlu, Hubei) and later moved to Kaifeng (now Qixian, Henan). Tiansheng was a scholar in the second year, edited by Guan Hanlin and History Museum. Co-edited The Book of the New Tang Dynasty with Ouyang Xiu and others, and the book was completed. Joined the Ministry of Industry as a minister, and worshipped the Hanlin bachelor. There are 100 volumes of Biography of the History of the Song Dynasty and two volumes of Da Le Map, all of which are History of the Song Dynasty and Notes of the Ministry of Benefit.
When Song Qi was young, it was very hard for her brother and her father to go abroad to study. In the second year of Tiansheng (1024), he left his father and went back to his hometown to have a rest, and took part in scientific research with his brother Song Yao. Song Qi was the top scholar in palace examination, but the queen mother Liu E disagreed, saying that my brother could not be the top scholar, so he was the top scholar, and Song Qi was the tenth. The world praised the two brothers as "double champions", called "Da Song" and "Xiao Song" respectively.
Song Qi was the first military attache in Fuzhou. After the emperor called the exam, he was given a straight history museum. Li Guan, Bachelor of Longtuge, History Museum, Intellectual Property. Zeng Shangshu believes that the shortage of state use lies in "three redundancies and three expenses", that is, three redundancies are redundant officials, redundant soldiers and redundant monks, and three expenses are fasting in the Dojo, building more temples and wasting public funds, and advocating reducing officials and saving money. He also studied the Book of the Tang Dynasty with Ouyang Xiu. Most of New Books of the Tang Dynasty was written by Song Qi, which lasted for more than ten years. Book into, into the ministry of industry ministers, thanks to academician bachelor. Jiayou died in six years, aged sixty-four. He and his brother Song Yao have a literary name called "Er Song". Poetic language is beautiful, because there is a sentence of "Man Chun, the branch of an almond" in the word "Jade Louchun", which is called "the history of an almond" in the world.