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One day in June, in the slave auction market in the southern American city of New Orleans, rows of black slaves wore them.
They stood there in fetters, all strung together by thick ropes. One by one, the slave owners.
Let's go Look at them carefully like buying mules and horses, and sometimes go up and touch their arms and pat their thighs.
Are they strong and muscular, and have the strength to work in the future? Slave owners whipped slaves and burned them.
Red iron bars branded them. At this time, several sailors from the north came along. They were all stunned by the tragic sight before them.
A young man said angrily, "What a shame! When I have the chance one day, I must completely crush this slavery. "
The speaker's name was abraham lincoln, and later he became the president of the United States, which really realized this great ambition.
1809 February, Lincoln was born in a peasant family. When I was a child, my family was poor and I didn't have the opportunity to go to school.
Learn, every day with my father in the western wasteland reclamation labor. He himself said, "The time I spent in school in my life adds up."
* * * less than a year in total. But Lincoln was very studious and asked others every chance he got. He has no money to buy paper and pens. He is on the beach.
And practice writing. He always holds a book in his arms when herding cattle, chopping wood and digging the ground. During the break,
I read with relish while eating hard and cold corn cakes. In the evening, he often reads under a small oil lamp until late at night.
When he grew up, Lincoln left his hometown and went out to make a living alone. He has done everything, worked as a short-term worker, a sailor and a shop.
Members, rural postmen and land surveyors have also worked hard in logging and chopping wood. No matter what he does, he approves of it.
Really responsible for others, sincere. When he was a shop assistant in the village, once, a customer paid a few extra cents, and he wanted to return them.
The money has been chased for more than ten miles. On another occasion, he found that he had given the customer two or two teas less, and ran several miles to deliver the tea to that family.
Medium. Therefore, wherever he goes, he is loved by people around him.
No matter what Lincoln did, he never forgot to study. He seized all his spare time to study hard, studying history, literature,
Philosophy, law and other works have gained rich knowledge. During this period, he was very interested in politics and took an active part in politics.
Governance activities. 1834, at the age of 25, Lincoln was elected as a senator from Illinois and began his political career. 183
In six years, he passed the exam and became a lawyer. Lincoln hated slavery when he was young because when he was a sailor, he was transported many times.
When the goods arrived in the south, they witnessed the cruelty of slave owners and the cruel torture of slaves. After he became a member of parliament, he often made money.
Speaking in the performance and attacking slavery are very influential among the masses. 1854, the United States * * * and the party was founded because it advocated
Lincoln participated in the abolition of slavery, and two years later, he was nominated as a vice presidential candidate at the first national congress. he
In his campaign speech, he said, "We fought for freedom and the abolition of slavery until our constitution promised to discuss ourselves."
From then on, until the whole vast country, only free workers worked in the sun and rain. "
1858, when Lincoln was running for the Senate in Illinois, he published an article entitled "Broken House".
In his speech, he compared the coexistence of the North-South system to "a cracked house". He said, "A building is cracked.
Our house is untenable, and I believe this government cannot remain semi-slave and semi-free forever. "Lincoln's speech
Lively and simple, it expresses the demands of the northern bourgeoisie and reflects the wishes of the people of the whole country, so for him.
Won a great reputation.
1860, Lincoln was elected president of the United States.
Lincoln's election posed a serious threat to the interests of southern planters. They certainly don't want to advocate the abolition of slavery.
The system of people being president. In order to regain their long-held national leadership, they launched a rebellion before Lincoln took office.
Chaos. 1860 12, South Carolina was the first to declare its independence from the Federation, followed by Mississippi and Florida.
Slave-holding States such as Florida also seceded from the Union. 186 1 February, they announced the establishment of the American confederation.
Jefferson Davis, a big planter, was elected president and formulated a "Constitution", declaring that black slavery was the foundation of the Confederacy.
National Foundation: "Blacks can't be equal to whites, and black slave labor is a natural and normal state."
1861April 12, the confederacy declared war and quickly captured sumter where the federal government troops were stationed.
Plug. Lincoln had to declare his opposition to southern operations. Lincoln himself did not advocate the abolition of slavery in a radical way. He thought it was possible.
In a peaceful way, the key is to maintain the unity of the Federation by first limiting slavery and then gradually abolishing it. In this kind of thinking,
Under the control of China, the northern government did not prepare for the war at all, but rushed to fight, while the south had planned for a long time and had the advantage.
Good equipment and well-trained troops, so although the North has advantages in many aspects, it is still defeated by the South.
Even the capital, Washington, was almost breached by rebels.
The defeat of the north on the battlefield aroused strong dissatisfaction among the broad masses of the people, and demonstrations broke out in many cities, demanding that the government
Take measures to reverse the situation. At this time, Lincoln realized that in order to win this war, we must mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers and waste them.
Except serfdom and emancipation.
1862 In May, Lincoln signed the Treasure Land Law, stipulating that every American citizen only needs to pay the registration fee of 10.
You can get the west 160 mu of land, and after five years of continuous farming, you will become the legal owner of this land. This measure is from
Fundamentally eliminated the possibility of southern slave owners occupying land in the west, and at the same time met the urgent requirements of the broad masses of farmers, greatly
Inspired the enthusiasm of farmers to fight bravely. 1in September, 862, Lincoln personally drafted The Emancipation Proclamation.
Keith. 1 863 65438+1October1officially promulgated the The Emancipation Proclamation, announcing the abolition of slaves in rebel states from now on.
System, freed slaves can be called up to join the federal army. The declaration of slave freedom fundamentally disintegrated the rebel fighting.
Force, also make the union army won a strong source. During the civil war, the number of blacks who directly participated in the war reached 6.5438+0.86 million, waging war against Africa.
Often brave, one in three blacks gave his life for the cause of liberation.
The promulgation of these two decrees is a turning point in the civil war, and the battlefield situation is more and more favorable to the north.
1 863 July13, the two sides launched the largest civil war in Gettysburg, north of Washington.
A battle. The two sides fought fiercely for three days and nights, and the northern army hit the southern army hard, causing the southern army to lose 36 thousand people. From then on, the northern army began.
Entering the counterattack, the Confederate army had to defend.
On July 4th this year, the Union Army won another victory in Vicksburg. Vicksburg, located on the Mississippi River, is a tall building.
A cliff 200 feet above the water, where the rebels guarding the cliff are condescending, can directly threaten the ships coming and going on the river with artillery fire.
Only. It is very difficult to attack this fortress from below. As early as the end of 1862, grant led the army to war with the assistance of the navy.
Attacked the fortress several times, but failed. 1863 In April, Grant implemented a new attack plan, which was destroyed first.
All the strongholds around the fortress, and then surround Vicksburg. The navy also came to help, attacking from land and water at the same time, which was very fierce.
Shelling the fortress, the deafening sound of guns has been ringing for 47 days. On July 4, the rebels trapped in the fortress ran out of ammunition and were killed.
Forced to surrender, the northern army captured 29,000 rebels this time.
Then, the northern army quickly pursued the rebels with the autumn wind sweeping away the leaves, and captured the rebels on April 3 1863.
Richmond, the capital. On April 9th, Robert Lee, commander-in-chief of the rebels, led more than 28,000 people to Abo Mattox village in Ge Xiang.
Rand surrendered. The four-year civil war ended in victory in the north.
The civil war is called the second American revolution after the War of Independence. Lincoln became a symbol of black liberation. But slaves
God hates him very much. 1865 On the evening of April 14, Lincoln was taken away by the south when he was watching a play at the Ford Theatre in Washington.
A thug bought by a Fang slave owner was assassinated. Lincoln's unfortunate death caused great shock at home and abroad, and the American people were deeply saddened.
In memory of him, more than 7 million people stopped on both sides of the road to pay tribute to the funeral procession, and 6.5438+0.5 million people paid tribute to Lincoln's legacy.
Rong. Lincoln was an outstanding politician who made great contributions to the development of American society and was praised by the American people.
Worship, in the eyes of Americans, his prestige even exceeds that of Washington.
Zhang Haidi, born in Jinan in autumn of 1955. At the age of five, he suffered from myelopathy and was completely paralyzed from the chest down. From then on, Zhang Haidi began her unique life. Unable to go to school, she taught herself middle school courses at home. /kloc-When she was 0/5 years old, Heidi followed her parents and sent her to the countryside of Liaocheng (Shandong) to be a teacher for her children. She also taught herself acupuncture techniques and treated villagers for free. Later, Zhang Haidi taught himself many foreign languages and worked as a radio repairman.
Facing the cruel challenge of fate, Zhang Haidi didn't feel depressed and sink. She fought against the disease with tenacious perseverance and perseverance, withstood severe tests and was full of confidence in life. Although she didn't have a chance to enter the school, she studied hard, finished all the courses in primary and secondary schools, taught herself college English, Japanese, German and Esperanto, and studied the courses of universities and graduate students. From 65438 to 0983, Zhang Haidi began to engage in literary creation, translated hundreds of thousands of English novels, such as The Beach Clinic, and compiled books, such as Windows Open to the Sky and Questioning Life and Dreams in Wheelchairs. Among them, Dream in a Wheelchair was published in Japan and South Korea, and Pursuing Life was published less than half a year and reprinted three times, winning the national "Five One Projects" book award. Before The Pursuit of Life, this prize has never been awarded to prose works. Recently, a 300,000-word novel, Extremely Top, will be published soon. Since 1983, Zhang Haidi has created and translated more than 1 10,000 words.
In order to make greater contributions to society, she taught herself more than a dozen medical monographs, consulted experienced doctors, learned acupuncture and other medical skills, and treated the masses for free 10000 person-times.
1983 China youth daily published "be a meteor and leave the light to the world". Zhang Haidi became famous in China and won two reputations, one is "New Lei Feng in 1980s" and the other is "Contemporary Paul".
Zhang Haidi holds the belief that "to live is to be a person who is beneficial to society" and takes Paul as an example to bravely dedicate his light and heat to the people. With her words and deeds, she answered the questions of outlook on life and values that hundreds of millions of young people are very concerned about. Deng Xiaoping wrote an inscription: "Learn from Zhang Haidi and be a new capitalist with ideals, morality, culture and discipline!"
Chen Ping endured humiliation and studied hard.
Chen Ping was famous in the Western Han Dynasty. When he was young, his family was poor and he lived alone with his brother. In order to maintain his father's orders, he was brilliant, childless and studied behind closed doors, but he could not get his sister-in-law's permission. In order to eliminate the contradiction between brother and sister, he endured humiliation again and again. With the intensification of his sister-in-law, he finally ran away from home and wanted to travel around the world. After being rescued by his brother, he no longer cared about the past. Finally, an old man came here to teach for free. After he finished his studies, he assisted Liu Bang and achieved great success.
Lu Yu abandoned Buddhism and joined the literature.
Lu Yu, a famous scholar in the Tang Dynasty, was an orphan since he was a child and was raised by a Zen master. Although Lu Yu is in a temple, he doesn't want to read Buddhist scriptures all day, but he likes reading poetry books. Lu Yu insisted on going down the mountain to study, which was opposed by the Zen master. In order to give Lu Yu a difficult problem, the Zen master better educated him and made him learn to make tea. In the process of learning tea art, Lu Yu met a kind old woman. She not only learned complicated tea-making skills, but also learned a lot about reading and being a man. When Lu Yu finally brought the Zen master a steaming cup of Kuding tea, the Zen master finally agreed to his request and went down the mountain to study. Later, Lu Yu wrote the widely circulated Tea Classic, which promoted the tea culture of the motherland!
The Judgment of Juvenile Bao Zheng
Bao Qingtian and Bao Zheng, smart and studious since childhood, especially like to solve crimes by reasoning. His father was in close contact with the magistrate, and Bao Zheng learned a lot about solving crimes since childhood. Especially in the case of burning a temple to kill a monk, Bao Zheng peeled silk according to the clues on the spot, screened out the suspects, and pretended to be the king of Yan, trying to clarify the truth and help the magistrate catch the murderer and kill the people. He worked hard to learn the knowledge of law and punishment, which laid a deep knowledge foundation for solving crimes and vindicating the people like a god when he grew up.
Wan Sitong studied hard behind closed doors.
Wan Sitong, a famous scholar and historian in the early Qing Dynasty, participated in the compilation of Twenty-four History, an important historical book of China. But Wan Sitong was also a naughty boy when he was young. Wan Sitong was criticized by the guests because he was naughty and lost face in front of them. In a rage, Wan Sitong overturned the guest's desk and was put into the library by his father. Wan Sitong went from being angry and disgusted with reading to thinking behind closed doors. Inspired by the Book of Tea, he began to study hard. In a blink of an eye, more than a year has passed. Wan Sitong has read many books in the library. His father forgave his son, and Wan Sitong understood his father's kindness. After long-term efforts, Wan Sitong finally became a well-known scholar who was familiar with history books, and participated in the compilation of Ming History in Twenty-four History.
Tang Bohu devoted himself to painting.
Tang Bohu was a famous painter and writer in Ming Dynasty. When he was young, he showed superhuman talent in painting. As a disciple of the great painter Shen Zhou, Tang Bohu naturally studied harder, quickly mastered the painting skills, and was highly praised by Shen Zhou. Unexpectedly, due to Shen Zhou's praise, Tang Bohu, who has always been modest, gradually became complacent. Shen Zhou see in the eye, in mind. During a meal, Shen Zhou asked Tang Bohu to open the window. Tang Bohu found that his window was actually a painting by Teacher Shen Zhou. Tang Bohu felt very ashamed and devoted himself to painting.
Lin Zexu's determination in couplets.
This story is about Lin Ze, a famous national hero in Qing Dynasty. Lin Zexu was gifted when he was a child. Under two opportunities, he made two couplets, expressing Lin Zexu's lofty aspirations. Lin Zexu not only dares to make up his mind, but also studies hard. When he grew up, he made great achievements and was admired by later generations.
Wen Tianxiang juvenile justice
Wen Tianxiang, a famous national hero in the late Southern Song Dynasty, had a hard life as a teenager and had the opportunity to study with the help of good people. Once, Wen Tianxiang was mistaken for a thief by a rich classmate. He argued that others were not allowed to trample on his dignity and finally proved his innocence. And through this incident, he further established Wen Tianxiang's ambition to be the top scholar.
Ye learns from the teacher modestly.
Ye Shi Tian thinks highly of himself and despises his colleague Xue Xue. Once, Ye's mother was ill, and he was helpless. Thanks to Xue Xue, he let bygones be bygones and cured his mother's illness. Since then, Ye Ming has been ignorant. Behind the scenes, there are people on the earth. So he visited famous doctors all over the world, humbly asked for advice, and finally became the real first famous doctor in Jiangnan.
Li Qingzhao's Girls' Ci
Li Qingzhao, a poetess in Song Dynasty, was quick-witted and left many eternal songs in her life. She is straightforward, free and unrestrained, and has shown great literary talent since she was a child. This story is about her touching the scene and improvising lyrics.
Yang Luchan's Chen Jiagou Learning Art
Yang Luchan was bullied by the village bully, unwilling to be humiliated. A person left home to study with a teacher in Chenjiagou. Boxer Chen Changxing never taught his boxing skills to outsiders, and Yang Luchan was no exception. However, Yang Luchan's persistent spirit finally touched Chen Changxing, finally learned boxing, punished the bully and created Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan.
Wang Xianzhi learns Chinese characters from the cylinder.
Zi, Zi, the seventh son of Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He himself was a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. When Wang Xianzhi was three or four years old, his mother taught him to recite poems. By the time he was five or six years old, he could read several poems fluently. Compared with his brother Wang Ningzhi, he is more alert and clever, and he especially likes learning Chinese characters. Wang Xianzhi's family has a big water tank, and the story of this movie can't be separated from this big water tank!
Zhu Yuanzhang herded cattle and studied.
Zhu Yuanzhang, who was born in Niulang, never went to a private school since he was a child, but he was brilliant and thirsty for knowledge, and eventually became the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
Liu Gongquan became famous by being neither arrogant nor impetuous.
Liu Gongquan has shown great talent in calligraphy since he was a child, and his calligraphy is well known. He's a little proud of it, too. One day, however, he met an old man with no hands and found that the handwriting written by the old man with his feet was better than his. Since then, he has always kept in mind "guard against arrogance and rashness", diligently practiced calligraphy and studied modestly, and finally became a generation of calligraphy masters.
Kuang Heng stole the light from the wall.
In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a particularly learned man named Kuang Heng. When Kuang Heng was a child, his family was poor. In order to study, he chiseled through the wall of his neighbor's illiterate home and stole a candle to read, which finally touched his neighbor's illiteracy. With everyone's help, Kuang Heng Jr. learned something. During the Han and Yuan Dynasties, he served as a doctor, and was recommended by Shi Gao, a general of Fu and Che Qi, and moved to be a doctor.
Study hard in Qu Yuan's cave.
This story tells that when Qu Yuan was a child, he hid in a cave and secretly read the Book of Songs, regardless of the opposition of his elders, whether it was windy or rainy or freezing. For three years, he familiarized himself with 305 Poems of the Book of Songs, and gained rich nutrition from these folk songs, eventually becoming a great poet.
Wang studies calligraphy hard.
Wang Caisi is quick, but his calligraphy is not satisfactory. So, he made up his mind to practice calligraphy well. Finally, under the guidance of Uncle Yin Bao, he finally realized the true meaning of calligraphy and became a great calligrapher and writer.
Wang Xizhi eats ink
Wang Xizhi, who was called "the sage of books" by later generations, was a dull child when he was young, and walked around with his beloved goslings every day. Wang Xizhi practiced hard every day, but was called a dead word by his teacher, Mrs. Wei. Wang Xizhi is very upset. Inspired by the goose, Wang Xizhi wrote the golden word "zhi" in his study, but he ate the steamed bread with ink by mistake, leaving a story of Wang Xizhi eating ink.
Fan Zhongyan's broken limb pad porridge
Fan Zhongyan grew up in a poor family. In order to study, he scrimped and saved. Finally, his thirst for knowledge moved the temple elders, who sent him to Du Nan College to study. Fan Zhongyan still insists on simple living habits and does not accept gifts from rich children to sharpen his will. After studying hard, he finally became a great writer.
Che Yin Yeast Reading.
Che Yin, my son, was born in Nanping (now Hubei Public Security Bureau) in Jin Dynasty. He comes from a poor family, but he studies very hard. The story of Che Yin's capsule firefly was handed down as a beautiful historical anecdote, which inspired generations of later scholars. How is Xingpu's reading? You will understand from the interesting story we will tell you.
Sima Guang's Police Pillow Inspiration
Sima Guang is a child who loves to play and sleep, so he has been punished by his husband and laughed at by his peers. Under his inculcation, he is determined to get rid of the bad habit of sleeping. In order to get up early, he drank a full stomach of water before going to bed, but he didn't wake up in the morning, but peed in bed. So smart Sima Guang made a police pillow out of logs. As soon as I turn over in the morning, my head slides on the bed board.
Zhang Sanfeng creates Tai Chi.
Zhang Sanfeng was born in Yizhou, Liaodong (now southwest of Zhangwu, Liaoning), and was named as "Tongwei Exposing Reality" in the Ming Dynasty because of his untidiness. The legendary story about him was widely circulated among the people at that time, and even regarded as a fairy. We all know about Tai Ji Chuan, right? Tai Ji Chuan's greatest feature is to combine rigidity with softness! Do you know exactly how Zhang Sanfeng created Tai Ji Chuan? This movie is about this story.
Zhuge Liang feeds chickens.
Zhuge Liang was born in Yang Du County, Langya County, Xuzhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He is a famous politician and strategist in the history of China. If you have read The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, you will definitely not forget Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang's wisdom has been praised by later generations, and many people even regard him as the embodiment of wisdom. But you know, some stories that happened when Zhuge Liang was a child at school are very interesting!
Xuanzang studied Buddhism hard.
Xuanzang was a monk in the Tang Dynasty. In order to obtain the original Buddhist scriptures, Xuanzang left Chang 'an in August of the third year of Zhenguan, trudged to Wan Li and finally arrived in India. It lasted 17 years, and he wrote The Tale of the Western Regions of Datang, which made great contributions to Buddhism, human progress and world civilization.
Yuefeixue art
Yue Fei, a national hero, was born in troubled times and was born in a poor family since childhood. With the support of his neighbors, he learned martial arts from Zhou Tong, a famous Shaanxi teacher. During this period, he witnessed the broken mountains and rivers, displaced people, sprouted the ambition of learning to serve the country and overcame complacency. Under the careful instruction of the famous teacher Zhou Tong, he eventually became a Yue family thief, and led Wang Gui, Tang Xian and other partners to join the patriotic torrent of resisting gold and saving the country.
Li Guizhen learns to draw tigers.
Li Guizhen, a famous tiger painter in the Five Dynasties, liked painting since he was a child, especially tigers. However, because he has never seen a real tiger, he always paints it as a sick cat. So he decided to go deep into the forest to see the real tiger. With the help of Uncle Orion, he finally saw the real tiger. Through a lot of sketching and copying, his tiger painting skills have advanced by leaps and bounds, and the tigers in his works are vivid and confusing. Since then, he has traveled many famous mountains and rivers for most of his life, met many birds and animals, and finally became a generation of painting masters.
Shen Kuo went up the mountain to see peach blossoms.
"In April, the flowers in the world are exhausted, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple are open." When reading this poem, Shen Kuo's eyebrows condensed into a knot. "Why are the flowers here defeated and the peach blossoms on the mountain open?" In order to solve this mystery, Shen Kuo and some friends made a field trip in the mountains. On the mountain in April, it was warm and cold at first sight, and the cool wind came, making people tremble with cold, and Shen Kuo was in full bloom. It turns out that the temperature on the mountain is much lower than that under the mountain, so the flower season comes later than that under the mountain. With this spirit of searching and empirical method, Shen Kuo wrote Meng Qian's Pen Talk when he grew up.
Xu xiake's ambition of the world
One day, a strange thing happened by the river. Many people are salvaging the fallen stone lion, but they can't find it. At this time, a child named Xu Xiake said that as long as you go up the river, you can find the stone lion. Sure enough, the stone lion was found, and everyone praised the child for his cleverness. It turned out that he was Xu Xiake who became a great geographer and traveler when he grew up.
Hua tuo learns from his teacher.
Hua Tuo was born in the Three Kingdoms period (now Bo County, Anhui Province) at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was a famous doctor in ancient China. "Leprosy Powder" invented by Hua Tuo is a very effective general anesthetic, which is about 1600 years earlier than western anesthetics. Hua Tuo has made great contributions to world medicine. Don't think that Hua Tuo was born as an imperial doctor. When he was a child, he studied medicine and went through a lot of hardships.
Huangfu Mi prodigal son returns.
Huangfu Mi, a native of Wei Jin, was a famous scholar and physician in the Western Jin Dynasty. Huangfu Mi didn't play well as a child and was called a bully by the villagers. Once, he shoveled the bark of a jujube tree from a classmate who was a doormat, and the jujube tree withered. The whole village ignored him when they saw him. Under the education of her aunt, Huangfu Mi finally turned around and became a useful person.