Dynasty: Southern Song Dynasty poet: Zhu
As soon as the half-acre square pond is opened,
The sky is full of clouds and shadows.
How can the canal be so clear?
Because there is inexhaustible living water for it.
Reflections on Reading (Part Two)
Dynasty: Southern Song Dynasty poet: Zhu
Last night, the river was full of springs.
This huge ship is a dime a dozen.
Always in vain,
This is a day of freedom.
[Edit this paragraph] Translation and comments
Note 1. Tang Fang: Also known as Banmu Pond, it is located in Zhengfu (later called Nanxi Academy) in the south of Youxi, Fujian. Song, the father of Zhu, made friends with Zheng, so he tasted the poem "Drunk in Zheng Villa": "Open a mirror. The sheep are flying, and they are willing to be satisfied with the spring breeze. " Jane: The mirror. The ancients took copper as the boundary, wrapped it in a mirror and opened it when needed. The light in the sky and the shadow of clouds are reflected in the pool water, constantly changing, just like people wandering. Canal: He refers to Tang Fang. 4. How come: How come. I see. 5. Dragon: A large warship. As light as a feather.
People always think that the learned Zhu is expressing the truth of reading and learning, which is really a model of misunderstanding and misreading through the ages. Quite simply, the so-called' book' refers to' calligraphy' rather than' books'. And' reading' is' reading method'. Zhu likes calligraphy very much and is quite accomplished. Two poems, Reading Random Thoughts, describe his vivid feelings of observing and evaluating calligraphy works.
Poetry translation of my reading experience (I);
Calligraphy square
A pond half an acre square is like opening a mirror.
On the surface of the pond, the brilliance of the sky and the shadow of floating clouds are rippling.
Why is this pond so clear?
There is a source of living water flowing (:it lies in the continuous injection of artistic inspiration into the writer's heart)!
Comments: Poetry has profound meaning. The vivid contrast between the rich inspiration of calligraphy art and the flowing water from the source conforms to the characteristics of calligraphy art creation and embodies the essence of general art creation, which is the real inexhaustible source of calligraphy art works.
Poetry translation of "reading comprehension" (Ⅱ);
Navigation in the spring tide
Last night, the river was in high tide.
This ship is as light as a feather.
It takes a lot of push and pull to keep driving.
Today, I can drift freely in the middle of the river.
Comments: Judging from the metaphor of "the great ship", perhaps Zhu commented on the creation of big characters in the list. The moral of this poem is also profound. A rising tide lifts all boats, and you can travel freely. It is a vivid metaphor that once the artistic creation of calligraphy is inspired, the style of writing can become smooth at once. This is not only an essential process of calligraphy art, but also an important essence of general artistic creation. Of course, this poem can also be understood from another angle, that is, Zhu saw the concise and vivid skills of calligraphy works and tasted the artistic truth that practice makes perfect.
Attachment: Zhu's calligraphy works
Zhuxi calligraphy
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation and extension
This is an artistic and philosophical poem. When people taste calligraphy, they often have an artistic feeling of flying high. In poetry, this inner feeling is described by symbolic means, so that readers can understand the mystery themselves. The so-called "flowing water from the source" refers to the inexhaustible artistic inspiration in the writer's heart.
(2) This is also a poem that uses imagery to reason. Taking boating as an example, let readers realize the truth related to the art of calligraphy. The poem says that when the boat was shallow, it was futile for everyone to push the boat hard. When the spring water surges, even the huge ship is as light as a feather and floats freely in the water. The poem highlights the importance of a night of spring water, aiming to emphasize the generation of artistic inspiration, which is enough to make artistic creation smooth and comfortable. It can also be understood that artistic creation needs basic skills, and then practice makes perfect, so you can control it freely.
The truth contained in the two poems "Reading Comprehension" belongs to the category of aesthetic principles. The reasoning angle of one poem is to appreciate beauty, and the reasoning angle of the other two poems is to create beauty. This aesthetic principle has certain universality. For example, if the description object of poetry itself is abandoned, this truth can be completely extended. For example, if "book" is understood as "book", the contents of books generally do not include medical books, philosophy books, history books, science books and so on. Instead of reflecting the beauty of literature and art in poetry, songs, prose and other literary contents, it can also be considered that "flowing water from the source" expresses "inexhaustible literary thoughts" and "one-night spring tide" expresses "generate's literary thoughts"
[Edit this paragraph] Author introduction
Zhu (x:) (1130-1200) was a philosopher in the Southern Song Dynasty. Dark personality, dark numbers. The nickname is Ziyang, and his ancestral home is Wuyuan, Huizhou (now Jiangxi). His fathers, Zhu Song and Song Xuanhe, were county commandants in Zhenghe, Fujian, and later lived in Fujian. Zhu was born in Youxi, Fujian Province, and lost his father at the age of 14. He lived with his mother in Wulifu, Chong 'an (now Wuyishan, Fujian). In the eighteenth year of Shaoxing (1 148), he was a scholar, who lived in the four dynasties of Emperor Gaozong, Filial Piety, Guangzong and Ning. He used to be Zhinankang, responsible for the official affairs of Jiangxi prison and the compilation of the secret cabinet. Later, recommended by Zhao Ruyu, he was promoted to waiter and lecturer of Huan. Li Qing three years (1 197), Han Tuozhou usurped power and refused Zhao Ruyu. Zhu was also dismissed and went home. Qingyuan six years, died of illness. In the second year of Jiading (1209), he wrote a letter of goodwill, wrote an obituary, found a Chinese medicine practitioner, and awarded him a bachelor's degree in Mo Bao Pavilion. In the third year of Li Zongbaoqing's reign (1227), he gave it to a surname, chased lord protector, and changed his emblem to lord protector.
The master of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty inherited the Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty and completed the system of objective idealism. It is believed that reason is the essence of the world, "reason comes first, and qi comes later", and it is proposed that "justice should be preserved and human desires should be destroyed". He is knowledgeable and has studied Confucian classics, history, literature, music and even natural science. His lyrics are beautiful in language and handsome in style, and there is no disease of heavy color or allusion. It can be seen that the language of many works is well thought out and more particular. However, the artistic conception of his ci is a little more rational than emotional, which is because he pays attention to the philosophical thought of Neo-Confucianism. His representative works include Bodhisattva Man (I), Shuidiao Getou (I), Nanxiangzi and Qin Yi E (II). Among them, Bodhisattva Man (1) is the most distinctive. The word palindrome is used, every two sentences are reversed, and eight sentences are * * * four pairs. It is very natural and harmonious, not far-fetched, quite artistic and exquisitely conceived, which shows that Huian has the ability to control language. Besides words, he is also good at writing poems, among which Spring Day and Reading Thoughts are his most popular poems. His lyrics are Huian Ci.
Zhu Xishan's calligraphy became famous for a while. Tao's Book History Society in Ming Dynasty said: "Zhu Xu was orthodox and entered the sanctuary, but he also practiced calligraphy." Good at grass, especially Chinese characters, calm and elegant when writing. Although it is too small, people compete for treasures and secrets. "The predecessors criticized Zhu's calligraphy for being too rational, and from the two poems of Reading Random Thoughts, we can see that Zhu's understanding of the perceptual components of art is also quite insightful.
Zhu is not only good at calligraphy, but also good at criticizing it. Dong Qichang, a famous calligrapher in Ming Dynasty, once praised Zhu for his "good comments on calligraphers". Zhu's exposition of calligraphy art is scattered in inscriptions and inscriptions. Zhu Wen's Collection of Official Documents (four simplified editions) has 8 1 to 84 volumes, all of which are inscribed and postscript by Zhu. In the Ming Dynasty, according to Zhu's Book and Postscript of Wei, Jin, Sui, Tang and Northern Song collected by his disciples, he edited a three-volume inscription and postscript of Hui Weng. From this, we can see Zhu's view of calligraphy art.
[Edit this paragraph] The feeling of reading Random Thoughts
I am an amateur who studies calligraphy, and I also like to write ancient poems. Occasionally I see children's enlightenment books in the supermarket, and when I am bored, I flip through them, including this poem, introducing that reading and learning are the truth of educating people. I can't help but be surprised: this is not a book, but obviously calligraphy! Later, I made a special investigation and found that these two poems of Zhu have been misunderstood and misread. I really don't know how his old man will feel when he knows this situation underground.
Zhu's calligraphy attainments are profound and his works are exquisite. Through these two poems, it shows that the author is not only good at writing and creation, but also good at appreciation and evaluation, and calligraphy theory has a high level. This fully shows that a good artist, without a profound theoretical and aesthetic foundation, is difficult to reach a superb level.
Therefore, sometimes, anyone can make a small mistake and never change it after a hundred generations. And such mistakes are more than one or two in today's society! And people are actually smugly continuing to teach the wrong things to the next generation of children. Come to think of it, it's really a little sad.
Therefore, you can be confused in life and be absolutely meticulous in academics!