——A study on the teaching of "Journey of Loneliness"
Cao Wenxuan's "Thatched Cottage" was read to the children in seventh grade. At that time, there was no requirement and no Guidance, only let children read at will.
"Journey of Loneliness" is encountered again in the textbook compiled by the Ministry of Education, and is included in the fourth unit of the first volume of the ninth grade together with "Hometown" and "My Uncle Yule". This unit is all novels. From the content point of view, they all write about the experiences of boyhood. These different life experiences constitute the explicit plot clues of the novels. At the same time, it is these life experiences and experiences that allow a person to discover the world and understand the world. Society, thereby promoting self-growth, which in turn constitutes the implicit ideological clue of the novel. "Journey of Loneliness" is actually the journey of growth of young Du Xiaokang. Both the explicit plot clues and implicit ideological clues point to the theme of "growth".
Chen Shanyun, a scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty, said: "When reading, you need to know how to enter and exit the book. If you see kindness, this is calligraphy; if you use it thoroughly, this is calligraphy." For young children, growth is also the theme of their lives. Under the same theme, although it is also independent reading, it is obviously inappropriate to read it casually. So how do you take your children to go deeper and see them more intimately? What inspiration can be obtained from Du Xiaokang's growth, what kind of excitement can be triggered, and what kind of growth synchronization can be achieved? How can we make good use of teaching materials to combine reading and writing, so that children can come out and use them thoroughly?
1. Read the article and experience "growth".
1. Plot summary and abbreviation
The textbooks compiled by the Ministry of Education pay great attention to the combination of reading and writing. The major requirements for unit writing training are broken down into key points and distributed in reading teaching. Some are presented in after-class exercises, and some are used as examples throughout the article. For example, the writing "Learning Abbreviations" in the fourth unit is presented in the reading question of "Hometown" as: "Read the text thoroughly, sort out these changes, and express them with a schematic diagram"; the first question after class on "My Uncle Yule" is " "Combining the storyline of the text from different angles" is also a preparation for learning abbreviations. With the guidance of the two lecture texts, students should be able to sort out the plot independently.
The "Reading Tips" also provide examples and ideas for plot-organizing abbreviations. There are three sentences in the first paragraph that are examples, respectively reminding the beginning, development, climax and ending of the story. In the second paragraph, "The novel closely follows Du Xiaokang's psychological changes to unfold the narrative and description" and the "psychological changes" provide an abbreviated idea.
Before sorting out "Journey of Loneliness", students can also use the writing guide text of this unit "Learning Abbreviations" to practice how to abbreviate explanatory articles. If you still have doubts, the side comments of the article can also provide help with abbreviations.
Use "Journey of Loneliness" as an exercise question to sort out the plot and practice abbreviations. Let students read the text in this way for the first time.
2. Read the text and observe the "golden sentences"
Read the text again and let students use the "observation" method. Observe the subtleties with keenness, use reading to understand "growth", and let "growth" light up your thinking. The in-depth dialogue after reading the book "thinly" using abbreviations requires children to dive into the depths of the text, experience the poetry of the novel, and appreciate the richness of the text.
Teacher: Please annotate the essay with "Growth is...". The philosophy about growth you got from the details of Du Xiaokang's growth, and look for the golden sentences about growth in "Journey of Loneliness".
Student: Throughout the entire text, Du Xiaokang’s mental journey from confusion at the beginning of the story, to fear, to fear, to timidity, to sudden panic, and then to strength at the end of the story told me. : Growth is not about growing taller, but becoming mentally stronger.
Student: "Du Xiaokang forgot his father and chased a duck." "Du Xiaokang shook his head: 'Let's go look for him separately.' After saying that, he left again." From here It can be read: Growth means taking on one's own responsibilities.
Student: When the storm came, Du Xiaokang did not choose to retreat, so I think: growth means facing the wind and rain.
Health: "He followed them closely. He kept plucking the reeds in front of him with his hands.
Even so, the face was cut by the reeds again and again. He felt a sharp pain in his foot, and he didn't bother to check it. He knew that the old reed stubble from the previous year had pricked his feet. As he chased, he called to his duck. "Du Xiaokang's running inspired me: Growth means not forgetting to run forward even if you are bruised and bruised.
The students quickly focused their attention on the storm in the reed marsh. The storm is not only a test of growth, but also a test of growth. It provides a stage for growth. The climax is easy to touch, but this touch is still on the periphery. In addition, these children in front of them have the omnipresent shadow of their parents. Never have they experienced such a storm in their lives. They cannot empathize or put themselves in their shoes. Unable to truly understand, we must go deeper and explore the golden words of growth in the calmness.
Sheng: "Later, both father and son understood this in their hearts: it was impossible for them to avoid loneliness. This is actually better. Over time, facing a floating cloud in the sky, facing the mighty reeds, and facing this wisp of smoke, I will no longer suddenly panic. "Loneliness is there, and you can't escape it. Escape is actually the fear in your heart, so this enlightens me: Growth means accepting reality calmly.
Student: "Familiar trees, villages, bridges... ...are constantly retreating, becoming distant objects in Du Xiaokang's eyes. "Although Yau Ma Tei is small, the unknown in front of us is still the prosperity behind us. I believe that growing up means forgetting the prosperity behind you and embracing the unknown in the future.
This same classmate said that from Lu Ye I saw growth in the fireflies flying in the sky, because growth means not panicking in the dark, but trying to find your own fireflies.
Some children said that ducks are both Du Xiaokang’s growth partners and his parents. The hardships given by life. Du Xiaokang’s process of letting go of ducks is a process of living together with hardships, so growth is about living together with hardships, never leaving, and helping each other.
“There is no retreat for growth. “Growing up is shedding the weak shell. "Growth means growing into a better version of yourself!" "In the children's increasing insights, I see growth.
The initial push was very difficult. The more difficult it is, the more worth the wait. Amidst the difficulties, the children delved deeply into the words and deepened their thinking. Walking in the depths, you experience the confusion of "there is no way out despite the mountains and rivers", and enjoy the joy of "a village with dark flowers and bright flowers". Du Xiaokang's "lonely journey" and the children's "lonely journey" to understand "growth". Slowly approaching, overlapping, paralleling, and extending. Fortunately, this is not a public class. I can wait slowly and enjoy the quietness and carnival of dialogue while waiting.
"Growing up is about seeing the sky. Look at the sky, it’s not the sky, look at the sky, it’s still the sky. "Everyone was surprised when squad leader Xiao Zhu said this. "At first, the sky was unfamiliar. There was smoke, the moon, and even fireflies. But at this time, for Du Xiaokang, the sky was the environment where he grew up; later , the day became gloomy, the sky was dark, and the river was also dark. This "sky" became the best stage for Du Xiaokang's growth; later, after the rain, the sky cleared, and the sky was brighter than any other night. Du Xiaokang has never seen such a blue sky in his whole life. ’ Du Xiaokang has grown up and become stronger. The sky in his eyes has been colored with the background of his growth. ‘Such a bright moon’ is the medal of his growth! Therefore, growing up means seeing the sky as the sky, seeing the sky as the sky, and seeing the sky as the sky. "After squad leader Xiao Zhu finished speaking, there was a short silence, followed by applause that the children understood.
At this point, the children have not only internalized the meaning of "growth" in their minds and hearts, but also externalized it. As for the precise expression of language, it can be regarded as "seeing the kindness" as mentioned by Mr. Chen. The next step is to "use it thoroughly"
2. Speech with emotion and gain insights
After reading the text and interpreting the text with emotion, the students have already understood the essence of "growth" and have a positive reaction; Judging from the students' oral expressions in class, they not only have clear ideas, but also pay attention to the organization. They have already formed the prototype of the chapter. Recording it is an excellent "growth" speech.
After class, I left an assignment for the students: take "Growth" as the topic and write down the details of their growth; they can tell their own growth stories, talk about their insights on growth, and even record their own experiences. Real reading "grows up" in each class, with no limit on style and word count.
The texts received include fragments and whole articles, and generally fall into the following types:
1. Use a set of short stories or comparison of shots to record the process of growth. Liu Xinyu said in "Growing Up Childlike Heart": When I was a child, my father's solid back carried "my" happiness, and the beard on my grandfather's face was a symbol of kindness and white lies; when I grew up, my father's back was no longer solid. , the daughter took over the burden, although it was just a massage to relieve fatigue; the grandfather's beard was still kind, but the granddaughter understood that she would never have a beard as loving as her grandfather in this life, but in her childlike heart, she had quietly placed responsibility and Kind".
2. Tell an unforgettable story about your growth and write about your journey of growth. Zhang Han said in "My Growth Story" that he was angry with his aunt over trivial matters. It starts with "'If you don't come back, I'll break your legs!' I pressed the delete button and deleted this message from my aunt." The story begins with a close-up shot, slowly telling the whole story. My emotions escalated from anger, hanging up the phone, turning off the phone, and resentment. Then I thought of my aunt's selfless care, and began to reflect and introspect. I turned on my phone, understood the whole story, and finally understood: "Those expectations and blames in growing up are because my aunt never said Export love.”
3. Let other people’s growth stories inspire your own growth. Li Yichen wrote in "The So-called Growth": The so-called growth is probably to forget the prosperity behind you and embrace the unknown future. When Du Xiaokang forgot the prosperity of Yau Ma Tei, while traveling, he began to "smell the fragrance of reeds, see countless fireflies flying in the reed leaves, and get used to the wisp of smoke in the vast reeds." Growth is also happening. It happens simultaneously, growth is a matter of getting used to it slowly, and it applies to any life.
4. A coming-of-age novel based on "I". "Will's Story" by Weihan Zhu, the protagonist is a pig named "Will". The pig was shunned and used to being shunned until it grew strong enough to get over the fence that enclosed it. A mother goose told Will: "Without wings, you still have feet, so you can still fly!" Will began to waver and wanted to break through the barriers, but he had no way out. By chance, Will found the exit in the belief that "there will be an exit", and with the hunting dogs chasing him, he jumped into the air and flew up. Although the story has traces of "The Ugly Duckling", it also contains inspiration for growth, "There will be an exit!" Whether it is composition or growth, it is very instructive.
In the composition review class, students exchanged and shared, sorted out and summarized clearly: growth compositions can be written as narratives, novels, or prose. No matter how they are written, they must follow the principle of "nothing moves people's hearts." Philosophy is the principle that makes people wiser than true feelings. When telling your own growth story, you can see your skills in every detail. Using "I" as the prototype, you can show your wisdom in every ups and downs of the plot.
When students are emotional, let students step out of Du Xiaokang's "growth" in "Journey of Loneliness", turn their eyes to life, write about growth, and realize the "knowledge" of reading and writing. "Knowing out" and the inspiration of growth mutually promote and integrate each other, playing a harmonious movement of "growth".
There is nothing wrong with ending the class at this point, but seeing the students’ inability to stop and feeling a little bit unbearable, I tried to extend and integrate the growth-oriented reading and writing.
3. Integration, sublimation, accumulation and growth
The third unit on the 9th is an ancient poetry reading unit, and most of the articles are landscape travel notes and prose. The writing arrangement is "arguments must be well-founded." This reading and writing arrangement system is indeed somewhat different from the previous one, and it seems that the text is not on the topic. However, if you look closely at the "writing practice", you will understand: The combination of reading and writing in the writing system is really ubiquitous and comes in different forms. It can not only be combined with the reading of this unit, but also pay attention to the coherence of upper and lower units, and even integrate reading and writing across units.
Take "Writing Practice 1" to establish a material library as an example. Classic quotes, typical examples, insightful insights, etc. from the third unit reading textbook can be entered into the library and become arguments for argumentative essays. In reading teaching, it is necessary to improve the awareness of accumulation, train accumulation methods, and develop accumulation habits. By extension, the three years of reading in Chinese textbooks can be sorted out and stored in the database; after integration, all the subjects students have learned in the three years can be classified and stored in the database! This kind of awareness of subject integration is exactly what we lack.
The accumulation of "growth" writing materials is an excellent teaching opportunity.
Du Xiaokang’s growth has revived some memories, and the sharing of growth stories has awakened some of the old times. Then let the students review the “best” moments in their growth, select more than five wonderful short clips, and add Insights from the previous sentence - Growth materials can be used immediately.
The combination of narrative and discussion is an implicit requirement for this collection of materials. This is a fundamental issue exposed in this reading and writing, and it is also a difficult issue in how to use examples and arguments.
After many rounds of training in reading exchanges and writing sharing, I hope to see each child’s own individual interpretation of growth——
Wang Xin has always cared about herself My seat was not in the "Academic Dominance Zone". After careful observation, I discovered that there was no such thing as a "Academic Dominance Zone" in the class. I finally understood that, it turns out, growth means not rushing to get frustrated and complaining slowly. Others regard the growth record book as a burden, but she has always persisted because she understands that giving up halfway is not growth, but perseverance is. Still writing "Growth Record", Guo Fangjuan understood: Growth means persistence, and persistence will eventually lead to beauty. Wei Chenxi grew up while gritting her teeth and holding back her tears. She wrote: Growing up is to mute your crying and make your emotions invisible. Li Yichen understood from her father's drunken forbearance that growing up means restraining one's sharp edges and making peace with life...
These vivid details and unique and profound insights make children's growth meaningful. It adds texture and shines the light of reason for children's growth.
Growth has no end, and teaching exploration is always on the way.
? November 8, 2018