First, the characteristics of furnishings
Most of the furnishings are decorative, but there are also some characteristics that are both decorative and practical. For the latter, we should not only consider the requirements of visual art, but also meet the convenience of daily use.
In addition, due to the diversity of furnishings, each item has its own characteristics. As far as plane shape is concerned, there are paintings, wall decorations, carpets and so on. Large pieces include large sculptures, green bonsai, household appliances, etc. Small ones include antiques, utensils, toys, jade carvings, etc. It's really varied and different.
Due to the different shapes, sizes and volumes, as well as the different installation methods (hanging, hanging, landing, putting on the table or cupboard), the specific layout must be treated separately according to the different characteristics of the furnishings in order to get its proper position. To maximize the ornamental and decorative benefits, of course, the layout should be consistent with the indoor space environment, and attention should be paid to the themes and contents they express to make them harmonious and unified.
Second, the needs and hobbies of users.
Because users' identity, occupation, age, gender, education level, personal accomplishment and hobbies are different, they also have different needs for indoor furnishings. The indoor space used by children is often decorated with all kinds of toys and colorful and imaginative decorations, which is full of childlike interest and highlights children's psychological characteristics; The elderly prefer classical style, deep and steady colors and elegant decoration, which is mainly caused by their age differences.
Graphs 1-2- 1 and 1-2-2 are typical examples. Figure 1-2- 1 The children's room is decorated with vehicles, street lamps and crossing lines. It reflects the characteristics of children's liveliness and boldness; The room for the elderly in figure 1-2-2 has a peaceful and quiet atmosphere, which accords with the psychological characteristics of the elderly.
For another example, hunters often like to decorate hunting supplies and hunting tools indoors to show their rudeness and bravery (Figure1-2-3);
The indoor environment of farmers is another situation (as shown in figure 1-2-4), which is mainly caused by their different occupations and interests.
Therefore, a person's personality and hobbies will always be indirectly or directly reflected in his indoor furnishings.
Third, national, local and regional requirements.
Different nationalities, different regions and different places are all reflected in the layout of indoor furnishings. This is due to the different lifestyles, traditional customs, cultural origins and hobbies of all ethnic groups, which have a profound historical and cultural imprint.
Color map 1-2- 1 Chinese interior furnishings are arranged in a traditional symmetrical way in China. Indoor plaques, couplets, palace lanterns, fabrics, frame ornaments, calligraphy and various furnishings all have typical China ethnic characteristics.
Color pictures 1-2-2 are western-style living rooms, chandeliers, fabrics, statues and so on. The interior layout shows strong western characteristics.
Caitu 1-2-3 is a Japanese-style living room, and its simple layout has strong Japanese national characteristics. It can be seen that rooms of the same nature will adopt different indoor furnishings and form different styles due to different nationalities, regions and places.
Fourth, the characteristics of indoor space environment
(A), the scale of space
The layout of furnishings should adapt to the shape and size of indoor space or interface.
If the indoor space or interface is relatively tall and worry-free, you can arrange some large furnishings, which is appropriate to be plentiful; Otherwise, small furnishings should be arranged, and exquisiteness is appropriate.
For example, the lounge space of Beijing Huadu Hotel is relatively large, so several simple and generous large porcelain vases are arranged. This is equivalent to the size of the whole hall, and it also reflects the solemn and elegant atmosphere of China (Figure 1-2-5). It would be ridiculous to change the above arrangement in the bedroom of the house.
For another example, the atrium of Hyatt Regency San Francisco in the United States is very high, so giant metal sculptures and a large number of green objects are arranged, and the whole environment is full of pleasant and attractive atmosphere by combining the upper and lower sightseeing elevators and layered floors (Figure 1-2-6).
(B) the use of space
The layout of indoor furnishings should be treated differently according to different indoor uses, which is an important factor affecting the layout of furnishings.
For example, the conference hall of the Standing Committee of the Great Hall of the People is a place for holding important meetings and discussing state affairs. So there is a big glass chandelier hanging in the middle, which is completely symmetrical. This solemn atmosphere fully meets the use requirements (color map 1-2-4).
Another example is the Dongnuange of Kunning Palace in the Forbidden City in Beijing, which was used as the wedding bridal chamber of the Empress Dowager in the Qing Dynasty. So there are double candlesticks in the room, two candles of red dragon and phoenix are lit, and the wedding bed in the bridal chamber is doubly decorated. The curtains and quilts of the ancient philosophers all express the desire to have many children and grandchildren. In addition, it is also equipped with a plaque with "the rising sun never changes the moon", bright colors and all kinds of furniture. This gorgeous and rich display arrangement fully shows that it serves the needs of the royal bridal chamber (color map 1-2-5).
For another example, the reception room is a place to entertain guests, chat and talk. Of course, the arrangement of indoor furnishings is based on meeting this harmonious and pleasant friendship purpose, and the color map 1-2-6 is an example.
(c) space atmosphere
The atmosphere of indoor space is consistent with the use of indoor space, and what kind of use requires what kind of space atmosphere to be created. Similarly, the space atmosphere will strengthen and contrast the use function of space to a certain extent. Therefore, the layout of indoor furnishings naturally plays a role in creating a space atmosphere.
For example, the purpose of the bedroom is for people to rest, and its atmosphere should be quiet and elegant. Of course, the furnishings here should be designed to create and deepen this atmosphere (color map 1-2-7).
For another example, the restaurant is to create a warm and happy atmosphere to enhance people's desire to eat, so its furnishings should be rich in colors and full of warm and happy atmosphere (color map 1-2-8).
(4) Shape, color and material
The layout of furnishings should be considered in combination with the color and material of indoor space.
Because indoor furnishings usually occupy a small area and are small in size, they are a decorative arrangement of indoor space. Therefore, if you want to attract people's attention, you must pay attention to the influence of its color, material and shape.
Exhibits with rich colors and complex shapes are best arranged in a quiet and elegant environment. At this time, the arrangement mode should be changeable and irregular freestyle configuration. On the contrary, the furnishings in a complex and bright environment should have simple and clear shapes and bright and quiet colors, and their layout should not be complicated and changeable, but should be arranged according to simple rules.
For example, the color map 1-2-9 shows a group of porcelain plates and a group of porcelain figurines with different colors and shapes on the background of white walls, which clearly highlights the image of the exhibits, while the environmental colors and textures in the color map 1-2- 10 are rich, so the designer symmetrically arranged a pair of ivory as the key decoration. The ivory white color and simple shape are very eye-catching in the environment and achieve the expected effect.
If the color of the environment is relatively simple and the texture is not very rich, it can be decorated with rough and colorful furnishings, such as tapestries and ornaments. In a word, the shape, color and material of furnishings have a direct relationship with indoor furnishings, which should be comprehensively studied and considered.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) furniture protection
The protection of indoor furnishings should be considered when arranging them. This is an important measure to prolong the display life, increase the display time and protect the precious display value.
Such as oil paintings and pastels. Need moisture-proof, sun protection and direct exposure;
Straw crafts should be kept in a place where it is not exposed to the sun for a long time, so as to avoid discoloration and brittleness.
Refrigerators and televisions should be placed with moisture protection, sun exposure prevention, ventilation and heat dissipation.
Glassware and ceramic products should be placed in a safe place to avoid falling and vibration.
The display of ornamental fish and birds should prevent the invasion of cats and mice.
In a word, the protection of furnishings is also one of the factors that must be considered in the layout of furnishings.