Shuanglong Cave is located at the southwest foothills of Beishan Mountain in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 15 kilometers away from the urban area. It is a provincial-level scenic spot for tourism, summer escape, recuperation and vacation. It has been declared a national-level scenic spot to the State Council.
Shuanglongdong Scenic Area consists of three scenic spots: Karst Cave, Lutian, and Dapan, and one scenic spot, Shanqiao. Shuanglong Cave is composed of three caves, namely Shuanglong Cave where "a boat passes through the cave and there are many dazzling scenery", Curling Cave where "a waterfall hangs down in the sky and ice and snow fly in the cave" and "Qianxun connects to the earth's veins, and a line penetrates to the sky gate" The Chaozhen Cave is also called the Lower Cave, the Middle Cave and the Upper Cave. Each of the three caves has its own characteristics. Shuanglong Cave is beautiful because of the many scenery, Curling Cave is dangerous because of the waterfall in the cave, and Chaozhen Cave is famous for its one-line view of the sky, and the three caves are "lying on a boat, watching waterfalls, and admiring rocks". It is famous all over the world for this special way of sightseeing, which can be regarded as one of the three wonders of tourism.
The Shuanglong Cave is 520 meters above sea level and consists of an inner cave, an outer cave and an ear cave. The cave entrance is majestic, and the stalactites hanging on both sides resemble dragon heads, so it is name. The outer cave is spacious, covering an area of ??1,200 square meters. It is like a great hall and can accommodate thousands of people. The annual temperature is about 15.2°C, with warm winters and cool summers. At this point in the hot summer, it feels like "I sweat like rain when I go up the mountain, and feel cold when I enter the cave." When the summer heat is scorching, nearly a thousand people enjoy the coolness in the outer cave every day. The three characters "Double Dragon Cave" on the west wall of the cave entrance are said to be written by the Tang Dynasty; the two characters "Dongtian" on the east wall are the calligraphy of Wu Lin, a calligrapher of the Song Dynasty; The handwriting of Kuomintang veteran Yu Youren. If Shuanglong Cave is the "Dragon Palace", then the outer cave is the "Dragon Hall". There is a "stone waterfall" hanging on the west wall, which is brown and yellow in color, like a torrent pouring down. It is formed by the long-term distillation of groundwater containing calcium carbonate. Ahead, there are landscape stones such as "Camel Raising Its Head", "Stone Frog Peering into Its Hole", "Lion Stepping", "Golden Harrier Spreading Its Wings" and so on. On the east side of the exit of the outer cave is the word "龙儿", which was written by Jiang Lianseng, a scholar in the early Republic of China. There is a huge screen stone separating the inner and outer caves, which is only connected to the water channel. It is more than 10 meters long, more than 3 meters wide, and less than half a meter high. This pass is called "Toad Mouth". An ancient poem goes: "There is a spring in the cave. I want to find the source of the spring." "Lie down in a boat; don't think the entrance of the cave is too small when you get on the boat. Go upstream to the other side of the cave." This means that if you want to see the inner cave, you can only lie down on the boat, face up against the cliff and enter against the water. The bottom surface of the screen stone is only 7 to 10 centimeters. If you raise your head even slightly, you are in danger of breaking your nose and forehead. "Thousand-foot beams press down the water, and the boat lies on its back and enters the Hui River." As long as it lies on its back, there is no danger, and it is full of fun. It is one of the best ways to visit, and it also has the reputation of "water and stone wonders". This four-character cliff is carved at the entrance of the inner cave. It is unknown who wrote it, and it has not been possible to verify it so far. The area of ??the inner cave is twice that of the outer cave. Due to the unique shapes and ingenious layout of the stalactites and stalagmites, as well as the siliceous rocks sandwiched in the limestone, differential dissolution has resulted in the formation of various strange rocks, making the landscape inside the cave unique. , the sceneries are so varied and dizzying that you feel like you are in the Crystal Dragon Palace, which is worthy of being called the world of dragons. The inner cave has attractions such as "Yellow Dragon Spits Water", "Upside Down Bat", "Colorful Clouds Covering the Moon", "Frogs Stealing Grass", "Longevity Star and Fairy Peach", etc. Among them, "Dragon Claw", "Turtle Exploring the Sea", " "Turtle and Snake Health" and "Jinhua Ham" are the lime and siliceous rocks left by dissolution, and are uniquely endowed with lifelike images. There are two rocks on the top of the cave, one looks like a blue dragon and the other looks like a yellow dragon. The dragon scales and claws are shining, coiling and flying, and they are very similar in shape. Jin Luxiang, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty, said in a poem: "The two dragons on the stone are similar in shape, but deeper there is an old dragon." The most amazing thing is that there is a stone crevice on the left side of the cave, from which a clear spring water gushes out, as if it is the gurgling mouth of a dragon. spitting water. If you can take a few sips, it will be cool, sweet and extremely enjoyable. It is said that this was discovered by Yu Dafu when he traveled here. There is an underground river in the cave, originating from the upper part of Chaozhen Cave, passing through Chaozhen Cave, passing through Curling Cave, and entering Shuanglong Cave. The relative height difference is about 300 meters. The flow rate of the underground river is generally 21 liters/second, and the total annual water volume is 650,000 cubic meters. The water is clear and of high quality, and the water temperature is about 16.2°C.
The Curling Cave in the Wind and Mist Domain
The Curling Cave, with its entrance facing the sky, is a collapsed cave with a large belly and a deep belly. The vertical distance from the cave entrance to the bottom is about 80 meters. Entering the cave is "like entering a pot", hence the name. There is a hanging waterfall in the cave, which runs all year round, with a drop of 15 meters. Water pours out from the back edge of the stalactites hanging upside down from the cave roof, like a dragon galloping forward, and the sound of the waterfall is deafening. The waterfall falls to the ground, splashing water, exciting, forming a drizzle, and the cold air, forming a "wind and mist spectacle" of "a waterfall hanging down in the sky, and ice and snow flying in the cave". According to records, this cave was discovered in AD 300 (Jin Dynasty).
"Lu Zhai Ji" of the Song Dynasty said: "Go down the dangerous stairs and watch the waterfall." Fang Feng's "A Trip to Three Caves in Beishan" said: "Send several torches, and look at each other first as if they were in a well." In 1636 AD, Xu Xiake recorded his details in detail Exploration experience: "The door of the cave was raised like a kiss. First, I threw my stick and hung the torch down, but the bottom was not visible as it rolled. Then I climbed up the gap and leaned into the air to enter its throat. Suddenly I heard the sound of water. The more I followed it with the torch, I saw the center of the cave. , a waterfall falls from the sky, and ice flowers and jade fragments shine from the dark place into pure colors. "The wonder of the Curling Cave has amazed tourists both ancient and modern. Huang Ming, a native of the Yuan Dynasty, wrote: "Sitting in love with the sound of the spring spring, the jade flowers blowing wet the Ping Luo clothes. Who dreamed of breaking the curling kettle, lying down watching the blue sky and flying in vain." It expresses the mood of tourists as if they are in a fairyland. When Guo Moruo visited the curling cave, he impromptuly wrote a poem: "The Milky Way pours into the curling pot, the Tao is the Dragon Palace, the letter is a false accusation; the walls are full of pearls flying in the rain, and the stars disappear in one day. Looking at the new moon in a blink of an eye, the wheels are full, and there is a long life. Thunder roars; it is no different to overwhelm the two dragons. This scenic spot is unique in Qizi. "Recently, the relevant departments have detected that the cave entrance from the mouth of the waterfall is 120 meters feasible, and there is a hall, and the cave hall is rich in stalactites. , and there is a waterfall in the cave with a drop of about 8 meters.
The connection between Shuanglong Cave and Curling Cave has been opened. A large number of ancient vertebrate fossils have been found in the deposits, including 24 species of Sumatran antelope, giant tapir, true elephant, giant panda, rhinoceros, etc. Similar to the Yanjinggou fauna in Sichuan, it dates from the middle Pleistocene about 700,000 years ago to the beginning of the Late Pleistocene about 100,000 years ago. At the same time, two jade bis were unearthed in the sand, which were products of the Liangzhu Culture of the Neolithic Age from 5,200 to 4,300 years ago. Jade is a precious ornament worn by tribal leaders. "Yixi Ci" says: "In ancient times, people lived in caves and lived in wild places." "Book of Rites·Liyun" says: "In the past, the kings did not have palaces, so they lived in caves in the winter and in the nests in the summer." From this, it can be seen that the jade bis are relics of the ancient tribes who lived in the caves.
The fairy will never return.
Starting from Shuanglong Cave or Curling Cave, walk about 1 kilometer north to Chaozhen Cave. Legend has it that the cave was the place where Taoist Shi Zhen lived for alchemy in ancient times. Poems written by literati in the past dynasties include: "The immortals left by the bridge and the cranes still return", "The red pine trees in the dark clouds still live in the cranes", "The crane trees in Xitou" Spring is always here", "Shuang cranes soar into the sky" and so on. Nowadays, even the cranes have not returned, but there are groups of thrushes, tits, lovebirds, etc., chirping and singing, scurrying and flying. The entrance of the cave faces west, with an open door, facing a deep ravine in front and green peaks in the back. The entrance of the cave is 645 meters above sea level, the main cave is 140 meters long, the branch cave is 55 meters long, and the area is 2540 square meters. From the front of the cave, you can see the peaks of Furong and Lutian in the distance, and it's like hundreds of monks paying homage to the truth. The "Thirty-Sixth Cave Heaven Jinhua Mountain" mentioned in Du Guangting's "Dongtian Blessed Land" of the Tang Dynasty refers to the Shuanglong Cave Scenic Area. Today, the handwriting of "Thirty-sixth Cave Heaven" is engraved on the stone wall at the entrance of Chaozhen Cave. There are stalactites hanging high in the cave and stalagmites everywhere. The cave is winding and deep. There is a hole on the left side of the entrance, covering an area of ??about 300 square meters, and is called the "Flower Hall". The hall is composed of flint concretions in the Permian Qixia limestone, which protrude on the cave wall and roof, blooming and clustering like flowers, so it is known as the "Stone Flower". Deep in the main cave there is a clear water pool with an area of ??about 40 to 50 square meters. There is a window above the pool, and a beam of sunlight shines through, like a half moon. It is also called "a line of sky", so it is said that "Qianxun leads to the earth's veins, and a line of sunlight penetrates the sky gate" called. Xu Xiake gave a vivid and apt description of the wonders of the three caves in Beishan. He said: "Chaozhen is astonishingly distinguished by a sliver of skylight; curling kettles are distinguished by a curtain of ten thousand dendrobium beads; and double dragons have two doors on the outside, with a heavy hanging in the middle. Water and land are all very strange, and the brightness and brightness are just the same!"
Wong Tai Sin, who is revered as a holy spirit by overseas Chinese, is said to have come from Jinhua Beishan. The historical materials of Wong Tai Sin are recorded in Ge Hong's "Biography of Immortals" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, "Yuanhe County Map Chronicles", "Taiping Huanyu Chronicles", "Chisong Mountain Chronicles" in the Tang Dynasty, and "Jinhua Prefecture Chronicles" in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. Huang Daxian is Huang Chuping (Huang Chuping), who was born on August 13th (328 years), the third year of Xianhe, Emperor Cheng of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. His brother was named Chu. It is said that Huang Chuping was extremely intelligent and talented since he was a child, and he had the appearance of a different person. When he was 15 years old, he went to the mountains to herd sheep. On the way, he met a Taoist priest, who was the transformed red pine nut that became an immortal during Shen Nong's time. He took him to a stone cave in Jinhua Mountain to preach and practice Taoism. Wong Tai Sin devoted himself to Taoism and read the scriptures carefully. He "accumulated his merits over the years and became a master of forty years." He was so extraordinary that he could turn stones into sheep. My brother has been searching for Chu Ping for forty years, but there is still no news. Later, they went to Jinhua Mountain, where the brothers met and asked, "Where were the sheep?" Chu Ping pointed to the numerous white stones lying on the sheep mountain and said, "The sheep were there.
Chuqi laughed and said, "I only see white rocks, but how can I see sheep?" Chu Ping pointed his finger and yelled: "Get up, sheep!" "In an instant, the white rocks all over the mountain swayed and turned into sheep, walking or lying down, playing with each other, or drinking water. They were in various poses and were really cute. The brother saw that the brother had become an immortal, worshiped him as his teacher, went to the mountain to practice, and later became a Taoist. Later generations The brothers were called the "Two Emperors", that is, the Two Immortals, and they chose the place where the "Two Immortals" ascended to heaven to build the Chisong Palace. year), the Dajun (Chuqi) was granted the title of Chongying Zhenren, and the Shaojun (Chuping) was granted the title of Yangsu Zhenren; in the third year of Jingding (1262), the Dajun was granted the title of Chongying Jingganzhenren, and the Shaojun was granted the title of Yangsu Jingzheng. Real person. In 1990, the Hong Kong "Wong Tai Sin Sik Sik Yuen" group made a special trip to Jinhua to recognize the ancestral temple. When they were renovating the Jinhua Temple, they dug up a piece of stone bud. Hong Kong people called this kind of stone bud "dragon bamboo shoots". , unevenly overlapping, with a white surface, looking like huge white lotus flowers from a distance, and a herd of white sheep from a close view. The Jinhua Temple site is among these stone buds. Now there are four flocks of sheep in the hall, some with curved horns and others standing upright. Some of them are lying on the ground chewing cud, some are sheep, some are lambs. This view is exactly in line with Wong Tai Sin's saying of "turning a stone into a sheep"
Liters and poets have painted the long river
For thousands of years. There are countless literati and poets from all over the ages who traveled here in admiration. In ancient times, there were Shen Yue in the Southern Dynasty, Yuan Jie, Chen Ziang, Meng Haoran, and Liu Changqing in the Tang Dynasty, and Wang Anshi, Su Dongpo, and Wu Lin in the Song Dynasty who wrote travel notes and poems. Or left inscriptions, including more than 200 poems from the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty. The patriotic poet Lu You left an inscription about his visit to the Zhizhe Temple in Beishan; the traveler and geographer Xu Xiake wrote a travel note about the three caves in Beishan. A large number of famous writers such as Guo Moruo and Ye Shengtao have visited Shuanglong scenic spots. The existing quiet and elegant Lutian Academy was built in the Song Dynasty and rebuilt in the late Qing Dynasty. It was once a place for sages to give lectures and study, and it enshrines the "Seven Sages" in Jinhua from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. ”. Celebrities from past dynasties such as Xie Ao, Fang Feng, Song Lian, etc. have come here to study, give lectures, and have fun, and have left many excellent works with inscriptions
Specialty
1. Ham
p>Jinhua ham has a long history. It is said that Zongze (a native of Yiwu), a famous anti-Jin general in the Southern Song Dynasty, was the founder of the ham industry; some legends say that he brought the pork from his hometown to the imperial palace after salting and presented it to the emperor. Seeing that the cut leg meat was as red as fire, he named it "Jinhua ham".
Since then, Jinhua ham has been famous both at home and abroad for its "four unique features": color, aroma, taste and shape. It has been exported to Japan and Southeast Asian countries since the Qing Dynasty. It won a special prize for product quality at the Panama International Commodity Fair in 1915. Since the 1930s, Jinhua ham has been sold to the United Kingdom and America.
Due to the differences in raw materials, processing seasons and curing methods, there are many different varieties of Jinhua ham. For example, those cured in the mid-winter season are called Zhengdong hams; those whose legs are trimmed into a crescent shape are called moon hams; those with front legs are called moon hams. The ones that are processed into a rectangular shape are called smoked legs; those that are hung between the pots and stoves and often smoked by bamboo leaves are called smoked legs; those that are pickled with white sugar are called sugar legs; and those that are pickled with dog legs are called smoked legs.
Jinhua ham is made from the hind legs of two black pigs in Jinhua. The skin is yellow and bright, shaped like a bamboo leaf, the meat is rosy, the aroma is rich, and it is rich in nutrients and delicious. It is a treasure as a gift. Eating delicacies is also a good source of nourishment. According to the "Compendium of Materia Medica" compiled by Zhao Xuemin in the Qing Dynasty, Jinhua ham has functions such as beneficial to the kidneys, nourishing the stomach, promoting fluid production, strengthening yang, strengthening bone marrow, and strengthening feet. In daily life, patients can regain their vitality, the elderly can live longer, and women can maintain their health after childbirth. Eating some ham can not only increase appetite and increase the taste, but also nourish and improve health. It is a wonderful way to kill two birds with one stone. There are more than ten ham factories in Jindong District, with an annual output of 500,000 hams, which are sold nationwide and around the world.
2. Bergamot
Jinhua is one of the main producing areas of Buddha's hand in my country. Jinhua Buddha's Hand is also known as Golden Buddha's Hand. Because it was mainly concentrated in Lanxi in history, it is also called Lan Buddha's Hand. In April 1998, Jinhua was named the “Hometown of Buddha’s Hand in China” by the state.
The cultivation of bergamot in Jinhua began in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Wu Bigang (1592-1674) of Xiwu Village in Luodian introduced and planted it from Wu Hao (now Suzhou). The natural environment, water quality and soil in the Luodian area of ??Jinhua are quite suitable for the growth of Buddha. "Guangxu·Jinhua County Chronicle" records: "Bergamot, Yisi Wuluodian and other villages are passed by Xiandongshui. The nature of bergamot is suitable. Some of them can grow to more than a foot long. The color and fragrance are also better than those produced in Fujian." Jinhua Buddha's Hand is a bonsai treasure with excellent color and fragrance, and it is also a precious Chinese medicinal material.
It enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad and is known as "the fairy among fruits and the most wonderful flower in the world." In ancient times, the golden Buddha's hand was listed as a tribute and was listed as a mascot with the fairy peach in the longevity star picture.
3. Shortbread
Jinhua shortbread has a long history. It is said that Cheng Yaojin, the famous founding official of the Tang Dynasty, once opened a shortbread shop in Jinhua and was the founder of the shortbread industry. It was passed down from generation to generation and became more and more famous, becoming a well-known traditional specialty.
Jinhua shortbread is made of white flour, dried mustard greens, fatty meat, sesame, vegetable oil, caramel, etc. It is rolled into dough, stuffed and baked to make a shortbread as big as a crab shell. The cake is golden on both sides, covered with sesame seeds, and stuffed with dried vegetables and meat in the middle. There are more than 10 layers on top and bottom, each layer is as thin as paper. Fragrant pine shortbread, delicious. The imported crispy cake melts when exposed to moisture, and even people with all their teeth can taste it. The shortbread also shows its unique charm with its strong aroma and salty aftertaste, strongly attracting customers. Among the people, it is known as "Li Bai" The legend of dismounting after smelling the fragrance.
Jinhua shortbread is easy to carry and is an ideal snack for travelers. It is said that since the Tang Dynasty, people in Jinhua area have brought shortbread with them as dry food when they go out for business or to go on exams. Nowadays, tourists who come to Jinhua like to buy a few slips to take as gifts to relatives and friends, or as a light meal on the way. At present, there are many shortbread shops all over Jinhua’s urban and rural areas, making all kinds of shortbreads.
4. Jinhuafu Wine
Jinhuafu Wine is a traditional famous wine that has been produced as early as the late Spring and Autumn Period. It is a semi-dry rice wine that uses refined white glutinous rice as raw material, red yeast rice and wheat yeast as saccharification fermentation agents, and is brewed in separate tanks using the "rice feeding method". It has a golden and bright color, a mellow flavor, and a refreshing taste. It has the color and taste of red yeast wine and the freshness and mellowness of wheat yeast wine. Its reputation is no less than that of Shaoxing Jiafan wine, and it is also listed as the highlight of Chinese wine culture. As early as 1915, it won the gold medal at the Panama International Commodity Exposition. The sample wine back then was taken from Cao Hengju Winery in Caozhai Town, Jindong District. In 1963, it was rated as the National High-Quality Wine and won the Silver Award at the Second National Wine Appraisal Conference. Later, in 1988, it won the gold medal at the first Food Expo in Beijing.