Ceramic art is ceramic art
From ancient times to the present, although the appreciation of beauty by various ethnic groups in the world varies widely, they can all enjoy the enjoyment of beauty in some way.
As far back as 9,000 years ago, while engaging in fishing, hunting, and agricultural production activities, Chinese ancestors not only began the most primitive construction activities, but also transformed nature with the invention and use of fire. During the long-term labor practice, along with countless experiences of time and success, he began to make and use pottery, which became one of the artistic creations of ancient Chinese culture, and unveiled the "Neolithic Age" in the history of human development.
Although the forms and styles of pottery have changed in various ways due to differences in eras, regions or nationalities, and due to various influences from other conditions, and each has developed many characteristics, they all express the spirit of their own times. , and this spirit was first expressed in the shape, decoration and texture of pottery in the Neolithic Age. The greatest achievement of China's pottery industry in the middle Neolithic Age was the art of painted pottery. The cultures of various regions influenced each other, communicated with each other, or inherited and developed, forming unique and colorful artistic styles in the long history of China.
Beauty comes from life. It is from the perspective of expressing life that pottery makers indirectly express people's thoughts and feelings in a metaphorical way, or directly depict the customs and features of real life.
After the Yangshao Culture, which was based on painted pottery, another type of cultural relics appeared, the Longshan Culture centered in Shandong. The outstanding achievement of the pottery industry during this period was the art of black pottery. The gray pottery surface of Longshan culture does not seek useless decoration. The success depends entirely on the black color of the vessel itself, which is best achieved by being "completely pitch black" and shiny. Sometimes the vessel body is slightly embellished with concave and convex patterns or holes, combined with shaping and firing, reflecting a simple and simple beauty.
In the Shang Dynasty, white pottery imitating the patterns and shapes of bronze wares of the same period appeared. At that time, it was a more luxurious craft than bronze wares, and the shapes of the wares were almost all ritual vessels. Particularly distinctive are the wavy thunder patterns, connected thunder patterns and a weird human-shaped cloud thunder pattern. It is a rare arts and crafts in human culture.
There was no significant progress in pottery technology during the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and there was not much development in artistry. Starting from the Warring States Period, our country entered a long feudal society. The production of hollow bricks was an important creation of potters during the Warring States Period.
Since my country is a multi-ethnic country with a vast land, ceramic products vary greatly from place to place due to geographical location or other factors. From a texture point of view, the Baiyue area along the coast of the Southeast China Sea in my country , gray pottery, stamped hard pottery and primitive pottery are popular, while in other areas, muddy gray pottery is the main type, followed by sand-filled pottery.
Among the daily pottery, it is mainly clay-made gray pottery. The clay of gray pottery contains a certain amount of sand and is fired at a high temperature. The pottery is hard and mostly gray or black gray. At the same time, stamped hard pottery is commonly used in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Guangdong and Guangxi in the Pearl River Basin. However, due to the rough texture of printed hard pottery, it is not suitable for use as eating utensils, so most of them are containers.
"The six kings are complete, and the four seas are one." The Qin and Han Dynasties were also an important period in the history of the development of ceramics in my country. The Qin Dynasty pottery figurines, with their perfect artistic forms and vivid and lifelike expressions, profoundly reveal the inner world of various characters. They not only demonstrate the long tradition of realism in our sculpture art and the high level of ancient Chinese pottery making, but also serve as a reference for the world. It shows the profound and majestic national style of the Chinese nation.
In terms of painting style, the painted pottery of the Han Dynasty changed from the flowing, vivid, enthusiastic and unrestrained style of the painted pottery of the Warring States Period to advocating a dignified and elegant charm. The picture is overwhelming and the colors are gorgeous.
With the prosperity and development of the economy, the long-term political stability and the high national will of the Tang Dynasty, all aspects of the Tang Dynasty experienced unprecedented prosperity and improvement. Ceramic art best expresses this prosperous Tang Dynasty. Tang Sancai glazed pottery. Three-color pottery figurines and three-color pottery are the artistic records of the era when they were made and the style paintings of the Tang people's life. Yixing, Jiangsu Province is more famous for contemporary ceramic art. The production of purple sand in Yixing began in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty.
In 1955, the Zisha Production Cooperative was established. While the older generation of Zisha artists are committed to the research of traditional crafts and the development of new products, they are also constantly cultivating new craftsmen. Ren Ganting is an artist who specializes in purple sand carving and decoration crafts. He has comprehensive skills. His calligraphy is elegant and healthy, and his decorative paintings are mainly landscapes, flowers and birds. He trained a large number of talents and contributed to the modern purple sand carving art. Wu Yungen has superb molding skills and is good at making square and round pots and bamboo-shaped pots. His style is simple and steady. His hand-climbing goblet pots, large bamboo pots, thread cloud pots, two-color round bamboo segment pots, etc. have been selected for many domestic and foreign deliveries. exhibition. Wang Yinchun is a prolific artist. His teapots have crisp and clear lines and tight seams on the lid. His works have been exhibited in many domestic and foreign exhibitions. Pei Shimin is good at making elegant study objects, such as basins, cups and plates, stoves, tripods, etc. He is famous for his tree gall pot with lid and Xiang Shengsi's big peach cup with tray. His works are rich in style, The momentum is calm and unique in Zisha Art Garden. The teapots made by Zhu Kexin often use natural flowers and trees as themes, such as primula teapots, squirrel grape teapots, green butterfly teapots, cloud dragon teapots, etc. In the 1970s, in order to meet the needs of export, he used pine, bamboo, plum and cypress respectively. , peach as the theme, we designed a series of tea sets with the same shape and multiple decorations. Jiang Rong is the first female craftsman after the liberation. She is still alive today and is now a national arts and crafts master. Her works are mainly ornamental and ornamental, as well as practical. She produces pictographic fruits such as peanuts, walnuts, melon seeds, water chestnuts, and chestnuts. , was selected as a national gift as early as the 1950s. Gu Jingzhou is the first national master of arts and crafts in Yixing. He has rigorous pot making skills and diverse styles. He has high artistic attainments. He has conducted in-depth research on the evolution of purple sand and the appreciation of ancient pottery. His representative work is the "Tibi Tea Set". ", "Xuehua Pot", "Shangxinqiao Pot", etc., are exquisite in craftsmanship, simple and elegant, and have won high praise from people at home and abroad. Under the strict supervision of the older generation of artists, a large number of young and middle-aged Zisha artists have also come to the fore. On the basis of inheriting traditional crafts, they have designed and created many famous, high-quality, new and innovative products by reforming the shape, color and decorative techniques of the products. Special products are the icing on the cake for the purple sand garden. As of the end of 2004, with the approval of the competent authorities, Yixing has craftsmen with technical titles at all levels. 755, including 55 with senior professional titles. Nowadays, national masters such as Xu Hantang, Xu Xiutang, Tan Quanhai, Lu Yaochen and Wang Yinxian, ceramic masters such as Li Changhong, He Daohong, Zhou Guizhen and Bao Zhiqiang, as well as a group of famous provincial masters and senior arts and crafts artists, are still active in the Ziyuan art circle, teaching by words and deeds. Cultivate new talents for the purple sand industry. Yixing Zisha is a wonder in ceramic art. Its excellent quality, profound cultural heritage and extraordinary artistic taste have made it unique in the ceramic art world.