The point of this book is how to read for the purpose of output. According to my own reading experience, the effect of reading without output is really poor, I have little mastery and forget quickly. So I always want to write a book review after reading a book. I happened to read another book about middle school students' learning methods yesterday, which introduced Feynman skills. The more times information is circulated, the more comprehensive the corresponding knowledge will be. In addition to exams, you can also use Feynman skills. That is to explain and teach this knowledge point or question type to others. This is similar to Fan Deng's method of telling books.
I don't think it will be easy for me to tell others about books in the future, but Fan Deng's books also have ways to choose books and read them, and he recommended many excellent books, which are still worth reading.
I'll just write these parts.
1. Five misunderstandings about reading.
It's no use reading it. People who can't read this article should not have this idea.
Only pursuing usefulness, this reading method is easy to fall into the trap of "utilitarian reading" and into the information cocoon room, leading to a single way of thinking.
Don't understand? Too normal. When I read Kafka's Metamorphosis more than twenty years ago, I was puzzled and confused. However, rereading it five years ago was still very shocking. For this feeling, you can look at Calvino's article "Why Read Classics". We can't read some books that we don't understand, so we can read some books that are close to this book first. For example, if you don't understand the history of western philosophy, you can read Sophie's The World first.
Reading is a private matter? Reading by yourself is the best? I wrote this in an article the other day. But in fact, I also believe that "the more the truth is argued, the clearer it becomes" and I am willing to communicate with others. As long as there is quality communication, I will feel benefited and gained a lot.
2. The principle of choosing books-the principle of tipping
I seldom read musical instruments and practical books before. In fact, professional people do professional things, and reading such books can play a guiding role in many aspects. I am willing to read innovative and scientific books. I should have read a few books of "Quantum School" before I started to develop this habit, which really opened my mind and eyes.
3. Science is the first criterion.
Tool angle. I know this may not be the case, but it can explain the existing situation well and can be used by me. For example, astronomy, from the center of the earth to Heliocentrism, is incorrect from our present point of view. But at that time, it was really the best way to explain the motion of planets. From a realistic point of view. Newton said that his three laws of Newton were instrumental. Although his theory is self-consistent, he doesn't know why there is gravity, so he keeps a cautious attitude. Science is open. Pseudoscience is closed, but those who advocate pseudoscience love to attack those who advocate science because they are too conservative and not open. People who advocate science think that as long as you can produce evidence and make me feel the scientific nature of your point of view, I am willing to accept it. This is the openness in the eyes of people who advocate science.
A good and constructive book is worth reading. Constructive criteria: after reading this book, are there any feelings and inspirations?
One of the following three conditions is a constructive book.
(1) has brought new meaning to our life.
(2) Give us a strong motivation.
(3) Bring changes to our lives.
5. What should I read when choosing a book?
Publishing house, author's background, referees, recommended books in good books, bibliography behind books, content, translation, and book printing quality.
Translation is really important. I bought a copy of Nietzsche's Zarathustra, which I don't quite understand, and I can't see many familiar sentences on it. So I went to micro-reading to find out, and the version on micro-reading was smoother and more comfortable than the version I bought. The same article my friend showed me his book, which was so beautiful and fluent. It turned out that he bought a translation of Qian Chunqi. Therefore, when reading a translation, we must care about who the translator is.
1. Enhance understanding
Reading is just a lot, it's useless. There will be a boundary from knowledge to ability. Quantitative change can produce qualitative change, but the premise is that you need to make continuous progress in this process.
How can we read a book well, how can we finish it quickly and grasp the key points? The most important thing is to improve your understanding. How big the pool of understanding is, how difficult it is to read books.
When my child was young, I bought a set of three reading manuals. What impressed me the most was that when we say intelligence, we actually mean comprehension. And understanding is determined by the books you have read and the things you know.
I once read an economic article on the official account of Southern Weekend WeChat. I feel that I know every word after reading it, but I don't know what to say when I put it together.
I once looked through the Chinese examination paper for the college entrance examination in Xinhua Bookstore. The first article I read was about the environment. I read it once and found it difficult to understand. I don't know what many terms in the article mean.
Therefore, it is very, very important to expand knowledge.
2. Self-reflection of knowledge
The most effective learning method is not to take notes while reading, nor to draw lines while reading. When reading, read carefully and feel wholeheartedly.
Put it down after reading it, and after a period of time (a week), draw a mind map while recalling it.
This memory process is a high-intensity use of the brain, and this behavior can also improve memory.
1. Do you know the bad habits you need to get rid of before reading?
I remember reading the Romance of the Three Kingdoms in the third grade of primary school. There are too many new words in the original books borrowed from the library, so I need to keep looking up. After reading it for the first time, I remembered Yang Xiu's death. But reading the youth edition won't have this problem, because you can read it continuously. Intermittent reading will not only break the pleasure and pleasure of reading, but also affect the overall understanding and experience.
2. purposeful reading and free reading
To read purposefully, you need to know the framework and context of a book, because you want to learn something from it. Reading without a purpose is more enjoyable because it is a more advanced exploration.
When you read purposefully, you usually read what is around your comfort zone. And free reading is a process of suddenly jumping into the unknown and gradually expanding one's knowledge ocean. Sometimes a question you have been puzzled about will suddenly find an answer, and your view of the world may be different from now on. This is a very pleasant feeling.
Then you can find the connection between two different books, and the two methods will lead to the same goal.
3. What problem does this book solve?
Every book has its own internal context. Find its context, understand what it is talking about and what problems to solve, and you can achieve mastery through a comprehensive study.
For example, the Analects of Confucius, such a dialogue collection, you will feel that the content before and after is irrelevant. But you know, it's about how to settle down and make a living. When you read it, you can know the problems mentioned in those dialogues and how they are applied.
4. I have learned line drawing in books.
I like to draw lines while studying. After reading it, sometimes I will extract what I drew, and sometimes I will find that I don't understand why I drew those sentences after reading it again.
Sentences that affect the progress of the book, sentences on the main structure of the book, sentences that express the value of the book, and sentences that shock your soul can all be drawn on the line.
There are many books recommended in this book, most of which I haven't read, so I have updated a lot of micro-reading shelves.
Highly recommended: anti-fragility, speculation and position, world outlook, finite and infinite game.
Recommended are: listing revolution, flow, nonviolent communication, philosophy of life, mastering conversation, starting philosophy, sea of life, thinking mode of economics, forty articles on change psychology, and Confucius and Mencius.
General advice: cognitive nature, ability trap, it's not your fault, small logic, from excellent to excellent.
I won't write anything else It's in the mind map above
The game of finite and infinite, the beginning of philosophy and the forty studies of change psychology are all not found in micro-reading.
I seem to have read the book Speculation and Stand before. It is a book recommended by the Quantum School, which teaches you how to form critical thinking.