Han Yu (768-824 65438+February 25th) was born in Heyang, Henan (now mengzhou city, Henan). Self-proclaimed "King of Changli County", known as "Han Changli" and "Mr. Changli" in the world. An outstanding writer, thinker, philosopher and politician in the Tang Dynasty.
2. Liu Zongyuan, from Hedong (now Yongji area in Yuncheng, Shanxi).
Liu Zongyuan (AD 773-AD 8 19165438+1October 28th), a native of Hedong (now Yongji area in Yuncheng, Shanxi Province), was one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and was known as "Liu Hedong" and "Mr. Hedong" in the Tang Dynasty. Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu are called Liu Han, Liu Yuxi is called Liu Liu, and Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei Wuying are called Wang Meng.
3. Ouyang Xiu was born in Yongfeng (now Yongfeng County, Ji 'an City, Jiangxi Province).
Ouyang Xiu (1007- 1072), also known as Yong Shu, was an outstanding and learned essayist, an outstanding leader of the prose innovation movement in Song Dynasty, and one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Because he is concerned about the country and the people, he is outspoken, and Ouyang Xiu has gone through hardships, but his creation is "the poorer he is, the harder he works".
Adhering to the spirit of Han Yu's Preface to Literature, he strongly opposes extravagant and obscure "contemporary prose" and advocates a simple, smooth and natural style of writing. His works have profound connotations, diverse forms, beautiful language, charm and musicality. Many famous works, such as Zuiwengting Ji and Qiusheng Fu, have been passed down through the ages.
4. Su Xun was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan).
Su Xun (1May 22, 2009—1May 22, 066, 2 1) was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan). Writers of the Northern Song Dynasty, together with their sons Su Shi and Su Zhe, are world-famous for their literature, known as the "Three Soviets" in the world, and both of them are included in the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties".
Su Xun is good at prose, especially at political theory, with clear exposition and vigorous writing style. He wrote 20 volumes of Jia and 3 volumes of Interpretation of the Law, all of which were handed down to the world together with Biography of the History of Song Dynasty.
5. Su Shi was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan Province).
Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-1August 24), also known as He Zhong, Tieguan Taoist, Dongpo layman, Su Dongpo, Su Xian, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan)
6. Su Zhe was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan).
Su Zhe (1039-112) is a native of Meishan, Sichuan. Influenced by his father and brother, he read widely since he was a child and was ambitious. Song Huizong succeeded to the throne, was pardoned, returned to the north, lived in Yingchang, devoted himself to writing behind closed doors, and lived a leisurely and lonely life for twelve years. Zheng He died two years later at the age of 74. He is the author of Luan Jicheng and Luancheng Postscript.
7. Wang Anshi was born in Linchuan.
Wang Anshi (102 1- 1086), whose real name was Jing Guogong, was later called Wang. Linchuan, Fuzhou (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi) people. A famous politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. China is one of the famous "Eight Masters of Tang Dynasty" in the history of prose.
His prose is steep, concise, philosophical, vigorous, imposing, sharp and argumentative, which creates and develops the characteristics of thorough reasoning, rigorous argumentation, meticulous logic, clear expression and harmonious unity. A unique prose style that combines matter and debate in one furnace.
8. Ceng Gong was born in Nanfeng (now Nanfeng County, Jiangxi Province) in Jianchang Army.
Ceng Gong (10 19- 1083), a native of Nanfeng County, Jianchang Army, was an important backbone of the new ancient prose movement in the Song Dynasty and one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Ceng Gong, who is "twelve years old and speaks amazingly", is qualified to be alert and intelligent; As an adult, he was highly appreciated by Ouyang Xiu, the literary leader at that time, because of his outstanding literary talent. Ceng Gong has a strong Confucianism, advocates the theory that "Tao precedes literature" and attaches importance to the moral cultivation of writers.
His academic and articles were widely known before his death, especially after his death. Ceng Gong's prose works are very rich, especially in discussion and narration. His argumentative paper is full of arguments, full of twists and turns, calm and sincere, while his narrative is clear, incisive, vivid and intriguing.
Extended data
The ancient prose movement advocated by the Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties is essentially an inheritance and innovation of China's long-standing prose tradition, and it is a literary innovation and promotion of literary progress under the banner of retro. Ouyang Xiu is a representative figure of the ancient prose movement in Song Dynasty. On the one hand, he advocated inheriting Han Yu's orthodoxy and literary tradition.
Due to his influence, writers such as Wang Anshi, Ceng Gong, Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe appeared, and they were the six great poets among the "eight great poets in Tang and Song Dynasties". Together, they removed the obscure style of writing, and put the prose back on the road of being easy to understand and reflecting real life. The movement of ancient prose in Tang and Song Dynasties is an important milestone in the development history of China's prose, which has a great influence on later generations.
At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Mr. Ba chose eight ancient Chinese essays, including Liu Han, and began to use the name of Eight. There are eight literary works in Tang and Song Dynasties in Wenbian compiled by Tang Shunzhi in the middle of Ming Dynasty.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Mao Kun inherited the theory of the two men and selected the notes of eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. This book is widely circulated, and the names of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties are well known. Since the introduction of Eight Schools in Tang, Song and Ming Dynasties, Eight Schools have been regarded as the schools of ancient scholars in China. Pass the "Eight Masters Paper Money in Tang and Song Dynasties" (volume 160), including the Ming Wanli engraving and the Qing Dynasty bookstore engraving. In the Qing Dynasty, Wei Yuan had A Reader for Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties (8 volumes).
Baidu Encyclopedia-Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties
Who are the Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties? Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi in the Song Dynasty, and Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe.
Their achievements are mainly in prose, so they are also called "eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Their articles not only shocked the Tang and Song literary circles, but also set a good example for later prose.
The "ancient prose movement" advocated by Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan has become a trend in the literary world with the call of getting rid of the disadvantages of elegant carving since the Six Dynasties, writing flashy works and establishing a new style of writing. European writers in Song Dynasty, such as Zeng, Wang and Su, inherited the tradition of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty and opened up the field of prose creation. Therefore, it can be said that the ancient prose works of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" represent the highest achievement of the prose in Tang and Song Dynasties.
Extended data:
The title of "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" first appeared when Han, Liu and other humanities were recorded as "Collected Works of Mr. Six" in the primary election of Ming Dynasty, but it was actually "Collected Works of Mr. Eight" due to the merger of the three Soviet Union.
Among the Wenbian compiled by Tang Shunzhi in the middle of Ming Dynasty, there were only eight in the Tang and Song Dynasties. According to their theories, Mao Kun compiled *** 160 volume Notes of Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. This book was widely circulated in the old society, and the name "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" became popular.
Since the Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, writers of all ages have taken the Eight Masters as their religion. Eight Great Banknotes in Tang and Song Dynasties 164, including the Ming Wanli engraving and the Qing Dynasty bookstore engraving. In Qing Dynasty, Wei Yuan had eight volumes of Eight Great Readers in Tang and Song Dynasties.
Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan advocated the "ancient prose movement", so they were collectively called "Han Heyang Lu 'an". The rise of Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan and the flourishing age of Kaiyuan in the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty started the ancient prose movement, which made the prose of the Tang Dynasty reach its peak. For a time, writers of ancient Chinese prose rose up to attack it, forming a * * situation of "everything becomes a pearl".
Who are the Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties? How many were there in the Tang Dynasty? The eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties refer to the eight literary masters who appeared in Tang and Song Dynasties. They are Tang writers: Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, and Song writers: Ouyang Xiu, Ceng Gong, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe. Among them, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan were from the Tang Dynasty.
Among them, Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe are also called "Three Sus", Su Xun is the father of Su Shi and Su Zhe, and Su Shi is Su Zhe's brother. Mao Kun, an essayist in Ming Dynasty, edited the notes of eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Since then, the name of "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" has spread all over the world, and his articles have become the model, orthodoxy and authority of prose creation in later generations.
The Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties, also known as the Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties, are the collective names of Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in Tang Dynasty and Su Shi, Su Xun, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi, Ceng Gong and Ouyang Xiu in Song Dynasty of China.
Among them, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan were the leaders of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu and Su San were the core figures of the ancient prose movement in Song Dynasty, and Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong were the representatives of Linchuan literature. Han Yu is an advocate of the "ancient prose movement", who set off a wave of ancient prose innovation and made the old face of poetry development look brand-new
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties"
The eight masters of Tang and Song Dynasties listed the eight masters of Tang and Song Dynasties as follows:
1, Han Yu Han Yu, Zibei, was an outstanding writer and politician in the Tang Dynasty, and was also the first of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Zhenyuan rose to the first place in eight years, and rose twice again, tired of supervising the empire. He was demoted because of his theory, and he was appointed as the foreign minister of the capital. In the second year of Yuanhe, he took part in the fight against the "Huaixi Rebellion", and was later demoted to Chaozhou for remonstrating Buddhist bones. Changqing died of illness in four years at the age of 57. His masterpiece is Chun Xue. 2. Liu Zongyuan Liu Zongyuan, with a thick word, was a writer in the Tang Dynasty and was known as the "Liu Hedong" in the world. He wrote more than 600 works and nearly 100 parallel essays in his life, which was sharp and ironic. Zhenyuan was a scholar in nine years and died in Liuzhou in August19 at the age of 46. His masterpiece is the first Jiang Xue. 3, Ouyang Xiu Ouyang Xiu, the word Yongshu,no. Drunken Weng, a politician, historian and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ouyang xiu loved reading since he was a child, but the road to the imperial examination was very bumpy and he failed twice. Tiansheng eight years, Song Renzong presided over the Jinshi palace examination, ranked second, was appointed as a son-in-law by Yan Xu, a teacher, and entered the officialdom. His masterpiece The Recent Flowers. 4. Su Xun, whose name is Mingyun, is from Meishan, Sichuan. When I was young, I was not good at reading. At the age of twenty-seven, I began to get angry and began to study. In my spare time, I promoted Jinshi, and I promoted Cai Mao as an alien, all of which failed. I went home and studied hard behind closed doors, so I learned the Six Classics, and a hundred schools of thought contended, and wrote thousands of words in an instant. In the third year of Baoyuan in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Xun studied hard. Su Xun's masterpiece Six Kingdoms. 5. Su Shi, Zi Zi Zhan, named Dongpo layman, is the fifth son of his father Su Xun. Jia You was a famous calligrapher and writer in Song Dynasty. He was a scholar of Su Shi for two years. When I was in Song Shenzong, I worked in Hangzhou and Mizhou. In Song Zhezong, he served as a Bachelor of Hanlin and a Bachelor of Diligence. He was brilliant and left many works in poetry, ci, prose, calligraphy and painting. Su Shi is one of the "Song Sijia" because he is good at reading. His masterpiece Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia. 6. Su Zhe, the word Ziyou, was admitted as a scholar with his brother Su Shi in the second year of Jia You, a writer, poet and official prime minister in the Northern Song Dynasty. In Song Shenzong, he was appointed as an official of the Third Division, but because he opposed Wang Anshi's political reform, he was promoted to an official in Henan. Together with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Shi, he is called Su San, which is Su Zhe's masterpiece "Late Spring". 7. Wang Anshi, a famous thinker and reformer in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the second year of Li Qing, Wang Anshi was a scholar, and successively served as the secretariat of Yangzhou and Zhou Shu. In the second year of Xining, he served as a political commissar. The following year, he worshipped the Prime Minister and presided over the political reform. In the first year of Yuan You, the conservatives gained power, the new law was abolished, and Yu Ran died in Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. The masterpiece "Dengguazhou". 8. Ceng Gong Ceng Gong, known as Mr. Nan Feng, was a writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ceng Gong was gifted since childhood. I can be a writer at the age of twelve and a scholar for two years. Qi zhou, Xiangzhou, Bozhou and other well-known. In the fourth year of Yuanfeng, he served as a historian and editor's office, and sentenced Taichang Hall to be a ritual matter. The representative work "Mo Chi Ji". China, Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Song Dynasty, are collectively called the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
1, Liu Zongyuan
Zi Zihou, a native of Hedong, Han nationality, was a writer, philosopher, essayist and thinker in the Tang Dynasty. He was called "Liu Hedong" and "Mr. Hedong" in the world, and was also called "Liu Liuzhou" because of the secretariat of Liuzhou. Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu are called Liu Han, Liu Yuxi is called Liu Liu, and Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei Wuying are called Wang Meng.
Liu Zongyuan left more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements in writing were greater than poems. There are nearly a hundred parallel essays, and the essays are rational, sharp and ironic. There are many places where scenery is described in travel notes, such as Collection of Mr. Hedong, with representative works such as Xiju, Jiang Xue and Fisherman.
2. Han Yu
Word back, Henan Heyang people. Self-proclaimed "King of Changli County", known as "Han Changli" and "Mr. Changli" in the world. An outstanding writer, thinker, philosopher and politician in the Tang Dynasty.
In the eighth year of Zhenyuan, Han Yu was the first scholar, promoted twice, and tired of supervising the empire. Later, he was demoted to Yangshan for deliberation and served as foreign minister, historian and China calligrapher. In the 12th year of Yuanhe, he became the leader of Pei Du, the prime minister, and participated in the fight against the "Huaixi Rebellion". Later, he was demoted to Chaozhou for admonishing the Buddha's bones. In his later years, the official to the assistant minister of the official department was called the "Korean official department".
Han Yu was an advocate of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty. He was honored by later generations as the head of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" and was also called "Liu Han" with Liu Zongyuan. Known as "a great writer" and "a hundred generations of literators", he has written "Han Changli Collection" and so on.
3. Ouyang Xiu
The word Yongshu,No. Drunken Weng, No.6 1 layman, Han nationality, born in Yongfeng, Jizhou, was a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and was politically famous. Because Jizhou originally belonged to Luling County, it called itself "Ouyang Xiu of Luling". Posthumous title Wenzhong, a bachelor of Hanlin, a deputy envoy of the Council and a political adviser, is called Ouyang Wenzhong. Tired of giving a surname and a duke of Chu.
Ouyang Xiu was the earliest literary leader who created a generation of literary style in the literary history of Song Dynasty. He led the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, and inherited and developed Han Yu's ancient prose theory. His high achievements in prose creation and his correct theory of ancient prose complement each other, thus creating a generation of writing style. Ouyang Xiu not only changed the style of writing, but also innovated the style of poetry.
He has also made great achievements in historiography. He once majored in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and wrote the History of the New Five Dynasties alone. There is a collection of works handed down from ancient times by Ouyang Wenzhong.
4. Su Xun
Ming Yun, from Lao Quan, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou. Writers of the Northern Song Dynasty, together with their sons Su Shi and Su Zhe, are world-famous for their literature, known as the "Three Soviets" in the world, and both of them are included in the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties".
Su Xun is good at prose, especially at political theory, with clear exposition and vigorous writing style. He wrote 20 volumes of Jia and 3 volumes of Interpretation of the Law, all of which were handed down to the world together with Biography of the History of Song Dynasty.
5. Su Shi
Zi Zizhan and He Zhong, Taoist Tieguan and Buddhist Dongpo, are called Su Dongpo and Su Xian, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou, and their ancestral home is Luancheng, Hebei. They are famous writers, calligraphers and painters in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. Vertical and horizontal text; Poetry has a wide range of themes, fresh and healthy, uses exaggerated metaphors and has a unique style. Also known as "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. Xin Qiji is the representative of the unconstrained style, also known as "Su Xin".
Prose writing is rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, and is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi's good book, one of Song Sijia; He is good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood. His works include Seven Chapters of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu, Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Atlas, Ancient Wood and Strange Stone Atlas, etc.
6. Su Zhe
Zi ziyou, with the same sound as uncle, has the same name as Yingbin. Meishan people in Meizhou. A writer and prime minister in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
Su Zhe, his father Su Xun and his brother Su Shi are called "Su San". Influenced by his father and brother, his life knowledge is famous for his prose and he is good at political theory and historical theory. His poems try to catch up with Su Shi, with simple style and poor literary talent. Su Zhe is also good at calligraphy, which is chic, neat and orderly. Author of Luan City Collection.
7.wang Anshi
Zi Fu Jie, a native of Linchuan (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi) in Song Dynasty, was a famous thinker, politician, writer and reformer in Northern Song Dynasty.
Wang Anshi devoted himself to the study of Confucian classics, wrote books and set forth opinions, initiated the "New Learning in Gong Jing" and promoted the formation of the style of study in the Song Dynasty. Philosophically, he expounded the formation of the universe with the theory of "five elements", which enriched and developed the thoughts of China and ancient naive materialism. His philosophical proposition of "dividing the old from the new" pushed China's ancient dialectics to a new height.
In literature, Wang Anshi made outstanding achievements. His prose is concise, short and pithy, with clear arguments, strict logic and strong persuasiveness, which gives full play to the practical functions of ancient Chinese prose such as Wang Linchuan Collection and Linchuan Collection.
8. Ceng Gong
Zi Zigu, Han nationality, was born in Nanfeng, Jianchang Army, and later lived in Linchuan. He was a writer, historian and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Ceng Gong's grandfather Zeng Zhiyao and his father Zeng Yizhan were both famous ministers in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ceng Gong is brilliant and has an excellent memory. When he was young, he read poetry books, blurted them out and recited them. /kloc-at the age of 0/2, he may become a writer. In the second year of Jiayou, he was a scholar and served as a member of the Taiping Judicial Army. He is famous for his understanding of laws and regulations and proper sentencing. In the fourth year of Yuanfeng, he served as a historian and editor's office, and sentenced Taichang Hall to be a ritual matter.
Ceng Gong, who is honest, diligent and concerned about people's livelihood, and Zeng Zhao, Ceng Bu, Zeng Yi, Zeng Xie and Zeng Dun are also called "Nanfeng Seven Zeng". Ceng Gong's literary achievements are outstanding, and his works are "quaint, straight and harmonious", ranking among the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and being praised as "Mr. Nanfeng" by the world.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Zongyuan
Baidu encyclopedia-Han Yu
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ouyang Xiu
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Baidu Encyclopedia-Wang Anshi
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ceng Gong