According to historical records, the 10th year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 64) is generally regarded as the symbol of the introduction of Buddhism into China. The White Horse Temple in Luoyang, Henan Province is the first temple in China. Buddhism was introduced into China from India, developed in China, and finally formed Buddhism in China, which went through three stages: translation, formation and establishment. The initial spread of Buddhism in China was closely related to the translation of Buddhist scriptures. Most of the earliest translators were monks from the Western Regions who came to China. An Shigao is the founder of Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures. He first translated and introduced the Indian Hinayana Zen classics.
An Shigao, with a clear name and a high word, was the prince of the Western Regions in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When he was young, he was famous for his filial piety, smart and studious, well aware of human sufferings, and proficient in classics, astronomy and geography of various countries. Only one year after he inherited the great unification, he gave up the throne to his uncle, became a monk and traveled around the world. Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty (147- 167), An Shigao came from the East alone, and spread teachings and translated scriptures in the Central Plains for twenty years. In the last years of Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty, the Central Plains was in turmoil. An Shigao went south to Lushan Mountain and Guangzhou and came to Huiji. Emperor Xian of Han died in the first year of Chuping (290). The spread of Buddhism in Shaoxing began with "An Shi Gao Jin Hui Ji", which was recognized by relevant experts as the beginning of the spread of Buddhism in southern China. This shows that Shaoxing Buddhism has a long history.
From An Shigao's entry into Huiji to the Southern Dynasties, Shaoxing Buddhism developed greatly, especially in the Han Dynasty, when scholars moved south, celebrities gathered and Buddhism spread widely. The gathering of eminent monks, the integration of Confucianism and Buddhism, and numerous schools have made Huiji one of the two major Buddhist centers in southern China, alongside Jiankang (Nanjing). Bai Juyi once said that "the husband has an extraordinary realm, and then there is an extraordinary human settlement", which refers to Shaoxing area, and fully proves the reasons for the rapid development of Shaoxing Buddhism.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was a place where monks practiced, and it was called Luoan. Surrounded by boulders in front of the peak, it stands upright like a furnace and winds like a snail, hence the name. There is a sentence in the poem "censer peak" written by Zhang Rulin, a city dweller, that is, "loose Buddha's nest is on the top, and the vine hangs the cassock to give birth to a simple son." Xianfeng House (1851-1861), with four Guanyin halls built on the north slope; In the seventh year of Guangxu (188 1), the temple on the top of the mountain was rebuilt and renamed Nantianzhu. During this period, there were many inscriptions on the cliff on the ridge, such as Cloud Gate, Coming from the Sea, Gate of Zhejiang Tide, Prajna Paramita Heart Sutra and so on.
In the early years of the Republic of China, there were more than a dozen Buddhist temples on the top of Luxiang Mountain. Cai Yuanpei, a well-known scholar and local person, personally inscribed the plaque "Ciyun Guangbei", and Xu Shengweng, a famous calligrapher, carved the Prajna Paramita Heart Sutra on the cliff. 194 1 year, the Japanese army occupied Shaoxing, heavily occupied censer peak and built fortifications, which did great harm and destroyed the temple. After the Japanese invaders surrendered, Guanyin Hall was gradually restored.
In the early days of the People's Republic of China, Nengji, Xue De, Chen Yi and Yuan Xiang presided over temple affairs. Guanyin Dojo is famous far and near, and Buddhism followed. 1964, there are more than a dozen temples and monasteries on the top of the mountain, with stone steps winding up the mountain, steep stone walls on both sides, deep valleys and steep mountains. By the Cultural Revolution, temples were destroyed and Buddhists returned to the secular world.
197865438+February, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was successfully held, the left-leaning thought was completely corrected, the freedom of religious belief was restored, and the world was ruled. In that year, the United front and religious departments at all levels operated one after another, and the government allocated funds to rebuild Xinchang Buddhist Temple. 1983 was approved by the State Council as a national key open temple, which was celebrated by believers.
1984, villagers along Xianglufeng spontaneously raised funds to repair abandoned temples, build Buddha statues and offer incense. Believers continue to donate money to build mountains and roads, which has gradually become a climate. By 1988, more than 800 square meters of temples had been rebuilt.
From 65438 to 0989, overseas Chinese in Singapore, Xu Chunrong and Li Hanfu, took the lead in putting forward the proposal of "rebuilding Lufeng Temple", which was approved by the Municipal People's Government. Compatriots living in Hong Kong, overseas Chinese and Vietnamese Chinese believers donated money to help its success. The following year, Mr. Xu Chunrong, his son Zhong Qing and You Ching donated money successively, and successively received huge sums of money from overseas foreign exchange. Starting with roads and hydropower projects, they successively built Qingting, Yufeng Building, Sifang Guanyin Hall, Daxiong Hall, Guanyin Hall, Sansheng Buddha Hall and Mountain Guest Room. At the same time, Philip Burkart Tower was built by Zhang Chuanxin and his wife, and Xu Ruichang and Xu Caixia were built by Fang, Chen Tiaoli, Zhang Chuanxin and his wife. Chinese-American Ms. Xie Linda devoted herself to the cause of Buddha. Influenced by her dream, she went to Lufeng Temple to pay homage and donated money to build the "Nanwu Guanyin Bodhisattva" with a height of 9 meters and a length of 19 meters.
Driven by overseas people, business people and well-intentioned laymen from Shaoxing and other places responded with generous help: Shi Pinchao, a donor from Shaoxing, donated money to build Shuangyu Pavilion and rebuilt 3564 steps on the back of the mountain, with a total length of 239 1 m; Qin Wang from Hangzhou and Fu Huijuan from Shaoxing donated money to build the Bell Tower and Drum Tower, Pan Yongxing and Feng Zhijuan from Shaoxing donated money to build the new gatehouse, Guowei Yu from Shaoxing donated money to build the Riyue Pavilion, Fu Huijuan from Shaoxing donated money to build the Jin Hui Pavilion, and 100 disciples from Shaoxing donated money to build the Jixiang Pavilion, which added icing on the cake and made it a magnificent sight.
199 1 year, with the approval of the relevant departments of provinces and cities, Shaoxing Lufeng Temple was officially listed as an open temple, and the abbot of Xinchang Buddhist Temple was also the first abbot after the opening of Lufeng Temple. Temples are re-valued, Buddhism is flourishing, and incense tourists are increasing day by day. With the leadership and care support of governments at all levels, Lufeng Temple has developed rapidly. At the same time, with the enthusiastic support of believers at home and abroad, temples have successively invested their own funds for capital construction, and their scale has been expanding. After the death of this enlightened monk, his direct disciple, Master Fang Jing, presided over the temple affairs. He learned from others and made a careful plan. The face of censer peak is changing with each passing day. In 2006, when celebrating the 5th anniversary of the opening of Lu Feng Temple/KLOC-0, Master Fang Jing was promoted to abbot, and Lu Feng Temple began a new course.
After reconstruction, Lufeng Temple, a large Buddhist complex, was built on the mountain, taking advantage of the trend, with magnificent momentum and natural beauty. It complements the tomb of Dayu, a national cultural protection unit, and has become a tourist attraction and a Buddhist holy place integrating ancient Vietnamese culture and Buddhist culture. The whole temple is four miles long and covers an area of 100 mu. The hall is solemn and the rooms are complete, with a total construction area of more than 20,000 square meters. Lufeng Temple has 40 resident mages and 94 full-time employees, with clear division of labor, standardized management, perfect system and orderly. On February 19, Guanyin's birthday, June 19, Guanyin became a monk, and on September 19, Guanyin became a monk, and there were tens of thousands of tourists at the incense burner peak. In 2008, Lufeng Temple received 458,000 pilgrims.