Pei Wenzhong, a famous paleoanthropologist, once predicted: "We now call Beijingers our ancestors, but where are the ancestors of Beijingers? I think we should explore the Three Gorges area of the Yangtze River. " Now, archaeologists have found out the general outline of human activities in the Three Gorges in a large number of sites. Fossils of ancient humans more than 2 million years ago were found at Longgupo Paleolithic Site in Wushan, which proved that "Wushan Man" was the earliest human being discovered in the world so far. Daxi culture, a Neolithic site, shows the intelligence of the Three Gorges people. The Cuban ruins and cemeteries in the Three Gorges area reflect that the Three Gorges is the political, economic and cultural center of the Ba people and the main area to solve the mystery of Cuban history. The civilization of the Yangtze River is comparable to that of the Yellow River.
The Three Gorges is also one of the important birthplaces of ancient culture in China, and another cradle and important passage of Chinese civilization. In the course of history, the Yangtze River connects Wuyue culture in the lower reaches, Jingchu culture in the middle reaches and Bashu culture in the upper reaches. The Three Gorges is like a huge knot, connecting Jianghan Plain and Chengdu Plain, connecting Bashu civilization and Jingchu civilization, and creating a complete Yangtze River civilization. The ruins of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the plank road in the Qin Dynasty, the balcony of the State of Chu, the ghost town of Fengdu in Shi Baozhai, Zhongxian County, the ancient battlefields of Fengjie Bai Di, Yunyang Zhangfei Temple and Yiling (Yichang, Hubei Province), the ancient buildings and cultural relics such as Qu Yuan's hometown, Zhaojun's hometown, Bazhen Map, Yong 'an Palace, Fuling Baiheliang Temple, etc., have been integrated with the magnificent natural landscape, and a cultural history of thousands of years has been launched. It can be said that the Three Gorges of Baili is the umbilical cord that feeds China's 5,000-year-old civilization. Without this passage, the cultural history of the Chinese nation would be incomplete.
The Three Gorges is the most unforgettable sight in China. The Song of the Yangtze River included in primary school textbooks has made many people know the heroism of the Yangtze River for the first time. Li Bai's famous sentence in middle school textbook "Farewell to the colorful clouds of Bai Di, a thousand miles to Jiangling, apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed" and Liu's "Three Gorges of the Yangtze River" let us further appreciate the grandeur and magnificence of the Three Gorges; Mr. Yu vividly described the unique scenery and artistic conception of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in the article "A Journey to the Three Gorges of Culture", which deepened our impression of the Three Gorges again and again.
The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River starts from Baidicheng, Fengjie, Chongqing, and ends at Nanjinguan, Yichang, Hubei, with a total length of 193km. We usually refer to the scenery of the Three Gorges, which is 600 kilometers from Chongqing to Yichang. The whole Three Gorges is located in the mountains, with high mountains and deep valleys on both sides, cliffs and beautiful peaks. The Three Gorges "landscape gorge forest spring cave, all-encompassing; Magnificent and beautiful, there is nothing strange. " Its spectacular scenery and vast weather occupy all the natural scenery in the world. Known as the Museum of Nature, it is a world-famous tourist hotline, ranking first among the top ten scenic spots in China.
Qutang Gorge is the shortest gorge in the Three Gorges and is famous for its magnificent scenery. Qutang Gorge is magnificent, and the mountains on both sides are like axes, among which Kuimen Mountain is particularly majestic, which is the representative landscape of Qutang Gorge and the most obvious landscape of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. The ancient poem is called Kuimen: "More water prospers the country, and Qutang strives for a door". People often say that "Emei is beautiful in the world, Qingcheng is quiet in the world, Jianmen is in danger, and Kuimen is in the world".
Wuxia Gorge is the longest gorge in the Three Gorges, which is famous for its deep beauty. Twelve peaks in Wushan are the most famous in Wuxia. The peaks are unique, like a string of emeralds embedded in the river, among which goddess peak is the most striking. Because the moisture in Wuxia is not dissipated by transpiration, it is easy to form clouds, which can be seen at any time, winding around the mountainside or floating on the river. Therefore, when ancient poets and poets traveled to the Three Gorges, they felt the deepest feelings than the clouds and rain in the Three Gorges.
Second, Xi An Beilin Museum
XI anbeilin museum
Xi 'an Beilin Museum (formerly Shaanxi Provincial Museum) is a quadrangle-style building, located in the former site of Confucius Temple in Xi 'an Sanxue Street, covering an area of 30,000 square meters. The exhibition is divided into two parts: "Xi 'an Stele Forest" and "Stone Carving Art". . 1950 expanded into a museum.
Xi 'an Forest of Steles was founded in A.D. 1087. It is the earliest and largest existing treasure house of ancient forest of steles in China, with more than 0/000 pieces of inscriptions from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty on display. There are many stone tablets here, hence the name "Forest of Steles".
Xi 'an Forest of Steles was developed on the basis of preserving the stone scriptures of the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, people called it The Book of Songs, which was written by Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and The Book of Songs in Kaicheng, which was carved in 873 AD. The name of "Forest of Steles" was determined in Qing Dynasty. The forest of steles now contains more than 3,000 steles from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, which are displayed in 7 exhibition rooms, with 6 epitaphs and steles 1 piece.
The first showroom of Beilin mainly displays the Book of Songs in Kaicheng, including Zhouyi, Shangshu, The Book of Songs, Zhou Li, Yili, Book of Rites, Biography of Zuo Family in Spring and Autumn Period, Biography of Yang Gong in Spring and Autumn Period, Biography of Gu Liang in Spring and Autumn Period, The Analects of Confucius and the Book of Filial Piety. More than 30,000 words in the block-printed edition of Mencius in Qing Dynasty 17 are well displayed here, which are collectively called Thirteen Classics. 12 Confucian classics are required books for intellectuals in feudal society.
The second exhibition room of Beilin mainly displays the inscriptions written by famous calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty, which has always been a model for people to learn calligraphy, including the Huangfu birthday tablet written by calligrapher Ou Yangxun in the early Tang Dynasty, the Daoyin master tablet written by Ouyang Tong, son of Ou Yangxun, known as Xiao Ouyang, the multi-pagoda tablet and Yanshi temple tablet written by Yan Zhenqing, and Xuanzang written by Liu Gongquan in the late Tang Dynasty.
The third exhibition room of the forest of steles preserved precious inscriptions of various styles from Han Dynasty to Song Dynasty (206 BC-BC 1279), including seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script. Through these inscriptions, we can understand the evolution of Chinese characters.
The fourth exhibition room of the forest of steles preserves the original poems and songs of calligraphers from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, as well as inscriptions with precious historical value in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as some line drawings from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.
The fifth exhibition room of Beilin mainly displays stone tablets describing the historical facts of repairing temples, recording merits, repairing canals and compiling cities in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and is a reference material for studying contemporary society and local history. In addition, there are large-scale inscriptions such as "Tiger", "Shou" and "Fu" written by Ma Dezhao in Qing Dynasty, which are magnificent and magnificent, giving visitors beautiful enjoyment.
The inscriptions displayed in the sixth exhibition room of Beilin are mostly poems of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them, the Monument to Tiantai Mountain by Zhao Meng in Yuan Dynasty, the Monument to Zhang Sheng of Moling Hotel by Dong Qichang in Ming Dynasty, the Book of Mi Fei to Wu He by Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, and the Poem of Huashan by Lin Zexu are all very precious.
The seventh showroom of Beilin is a newly-built showroom of 1982, which is dedicated to preserving the secret pavilion stickers of Chunhua in Song Dynasty. Epitaphs from Wei, Jin and Qing dynasties are displayed on the stele forest corridor.
The stone carving art room was built in 1963. It collects more than 70 stone carvings scattered in Shaanxi from the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, which are divided into two categories: tomb stone carvings and religious stone carvings, and are displayed here in chronological order.
Tickets: 30 yuan.
Business hours: 08: 00- 18: 00.
Shaanxi History Museum
Shaanxi History Museum
Shaanxi History Museum has a collection of cultural relics unearthed in Shaanxi 1 13000 pieces (groups), with an exhibition area of 1 100 square meters. It is divided into three parts: Shaanxi ancient history exhibition, special exhibition and temporary exhibition.
Shaanxi Ancient History Exhibition shows more than 3,000 treasures discovered and unearthed in Shaanxi, which are divided into seven parts: prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and are displayed in three exhibition halls. Shaanxi Ancient History Exhibition is the basic exhibition of Shaanxi History Museum, which vividly and systematically shows the ancient history of Shaanxi from 1 15000 years ago to 1840.