The annual college entrance examination is coming. A few days ago, the reporter of Slow News-Chongqing Evening News walked into Tian Yang Village, and through on-the-spot visit and careful investigation, tried to explore the education problem more deeply, thus depicting this contemporary sample of rural education in China.
Tan sitong once said: "I am a pure-hearted Liuyang army and full of people." "Lianqun will strive for self-improvement and will be the first in Liuyang." Tan Sitong, a native of Liuyang, Hunan, is a genius with wisdom and rare acumen. Two sentences more than 100 years ago outlined the sample of rural education today. This is also a prophecy.
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In Xia Meng in April, it was drizzling, and Tian Yang Village had lush vegetation and beautiful scenery.
You can see the "doctor wall" far outside the village, which is not found in other villages.
From the village head to the doctor's wall, there is a straight road with some shops on both sides. Dr. Wall is in the center of the village, at the crossroads of several roads. No matter which direction you enter, you obviously can't bypass it, and the location has been taken into account.
The wall is small, rectangular and white, such as the wall where slogans were written decades ago. The three Chinese characters "Doctor Wall" are extremely dazzling, and there are Chinese Pinyin below. Above the word is a doctor's hat, and on both sides is a line of popular words-"knowledge changes fate, culture breeds virtue."
There is 19 doctor on the wall, with name, introduction and photos. Luo xuan, who is only over 80 years old, has no photos. He is the first doctor in Tian Yang Village and a doctor at Harvard University.
There are also doctors from Peking University, Tsinghua, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Nankai ... Among them, there are 8 female doctors.
Overlooking Tian Yang Village and Laodao River from the air.
According to statistics, the birth years of doctors are 1987 2, 1985 3, 1984 4. The introduction also lists the universities attended by each doctor.
There are even two doctors in this family-two brothers, Luo Hongtao and Luo Honglang, both of whom are doctors of Shanghai Jiaotong University. Villager Luo Bibo's younger brother Luo Qing and daughter Luo Zhaojing are both doctors. The law that "sages don't always come out" has been broken.
There is also a passage on the wall, mainly about the tradition of attaching importance to education in Tian Yang Village, which is also equivalent to a short answer from Doctor Village.
There are some flowers and plants in the fence in front of the wall, and there is a statue of Confucius in the flowers and plants. "A gentleman seeks the Tao without seeking food", and Confucius emphasizes teaching rather than ploughing, which is slightly different from the eight characters on the wall "diligent ploughing, teaching, ploughing, reading and spreading". However, Tan Sitong's educational thoughts are in the same strain. After all, he is from Liuyang, where he believes in "emphasizing agriculture and studying".
Tang Huahao, a village cadre in Tian Yang, is responsible for building the doctor's wall.
Why build a doctor wall? Tang Huahao, a village cadre, knows best that she is responsible for the whole thing. At that time, many people said that there were so many doctors in Tian Yang village. How many doctors have been produced, which doctors have been produced, and where are they studying? Everyone doesn't know Luo Ze, the old secretary, discussed with her and simply built a doctor wall to show all the doctors in Tian Yang Village, which is also a major feature. "I started preparing for this thing from March 20 15, and contacted one family after another. It was built in June 10."
"There are still two doctors who have not been on the wall, one has not been contacted, and the other is studying for a doctorate at Hangzhou University." Tang Hua said that he would make up for it as soon as possible, and the doctor's wall needed to be improved. Introduce unified norms, complete information, and there is still room for new doctors.
Zhong Ling is beautiful, and it can't be fully displayed by a wall.
Less than 7 o'clock in the morning, children in twos and threes came from the other side of the village, unhurried, passed by the doctor's wall and went to the village 200 meters away for early reading. They are still young and may not know the meaning of the doctor's wall, but they pass by here every day and have been raised for many years.
Pupils in Tian Yang Village write calligraphy with a brush.
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Tian Yang Village is a medium-sized village with 1288 villagers. In addition to 2 1 doctor, more than 100 masters and more than 600 college students have been produced in the past 30 years. On average, two families produce a college student and 12 families produce a master's degree.
Tian Yang Village is not much different from other villages in Liuyang City, Hunan Province. Perhaps many people think that the children here are smarter than other children; Perhaps the school education here is very different from other places. Chen Yongchao, the principal of Tian Yang Complete Primary School, doesn't think so, nor do the villagers.
Qu Wei's daughter Qu Ting is the first female doctor in Tian Yang village, and her son is a college student.
Qu Wei still retains the honorary certificate that her daughter got when she went to school.
Qu Ting said that she and her brother have no special endowment.
Qu Weiyuan is an ordinary farmer in Tian Yang Village. At that time, in order to train their children to study, the couple had to leave their two children "heartlessly" and both went to work in other places to make money. "We are not at home all the year round. They have become left-behind children, washing and cooking themselves and taking care of themselves. "
The two brothers and sisters are not only neglected in their studies, but also in their lives. Growing up in such an environment, Qu Ting was successfully admitted to Nankai University, from undergraduate to doctoral, and her younger brother was admitted to Northeastern University.
Although they know that their children are obedient and conscious, Qu Wei and his wife are still worried. Every time I go out, I repeatedly tell them to study hard and say, "Selling iron also makes you study more." This is an inspiration, a great determination and a reality. Qu Weiyuan said that in those years, the family really didn't buy anything. For more than eight years, the only electrical appliance in the family is a flashlight, and everything is only for children to learn.
Now, Qu Ting is a teacher in Tianjin University. She said that she really appreciated the custom of "selling iron at the same time" in Tian Yang village. If you change places, or your parents don't have this idea, maybe life will be different.
With all the children working, life in Qu Wei is better. His present home is spacious, clean and bright, with a big sofa and various household appliances. There is a plaque hanging high on the wall, on which is written "doctor's degree" in four big letters. This is a gift from Tian Yang village committee. Whoever has a doctor, the village will beat gongs and drums to send such a plaque in recognition.
There are many stories about Qu Weiyuan in Tian Yang Village. Walking into Wang Jiehua's home, she is making breakfast. She survived the difficult period. At that time, both sons were admitted to the university, and the youngest son, Luo Weiping, was admitted to the doctor. In order to provide education for children, she and her wife are busy day and night outside, raising more than 10 pigs every year to earn tuition and living expenses for their children.
On February 13 this year, Tian Yang Murakami finished primary school, and the school invited Dr. Show Lo who went out from Tian Yang Village to give the children their first lesson.
On February 13 this year, Tian Yang Murakami finished primary school, and the school invited Dr. Show Lo who went out from Tian Yang Village to give the children their first lesson.
Tian Yang has a saying: "No matter how poor you are, you can't be poor in education, and you can't be bitter in children." People in other places are better than wealth, and people in Tian Yang are better than reading; It's not envy which one earns more money, but whose children have good grades and are willing to study hard. Chen Yongchao, principal of Tian Yang Complete Primary School, said that this has formed a good learning atmosphere. Parents actively buy whatever books the teacher suggests to read. Our school is bigger than many primary schools, and village cadres also attach great importance to teaching.
Why are there so many talents in Tian Yang Village? Xie Xianghua, a member of the Party Committee of Shashi Town, summed up four points: First, Tian Yang Village is poor in resources and poor in economic conditions, forming the belief that "only reading can change life"; Second, the village Luo family has a tradition of "diligent repair and reading" since ancient times; Third, driven by role models, college students, masters, doctors and successful entrepreneurs who have been admitted first constantly encourage their children to study hard; Fourth, Murakami has always attached importance to and funded education.
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In Tian Yang Village, you will inevitably hear the stories of two brothers, Luo Hongtao and Luo Honglang.
Luo Jianzhi is an out-and-out farmer in Tian Yang Village, and he will become a craftsman. His two sons, Luo Hongtao and Luo Honglang, are both doctors from Shanghai Jiaotong University.
Luo Hongtao recalled that at that time, his family was poor, he had no shoes to wear in summer, and he was barefoot, and he was often burned by hot slate. In winter, hands and feet were frostbitten, the classroom was earthen, and there was air leakage everywhere, so we had to carry a fire box from home to school. Every day when I come home from school, I have to mow the grass and fetch water first, and then do my homework after I finish my housework. "Sometimes there is a power outage. Even on a cold winter night, I woke up in the middle of the night and found the electricity coming again. I have to get up and finish my homework. "
The two brothers collected rice, planted seedlings, did almost all farm work, and even beat their father's hand to knit bamboo utensils.
Those hard days were called "precious wealth for growth" by Luo Hongtao, and they were often proud of it. Living in the countryside, doing housework and farm work is "the advantage, not the disadvantage, of rural children compared with urban children".
The growth experience of the Roche brothers is a successful interpretation of the village's "diligent cultivation and rereading". Tian Yang people will never let go of such living teaching materials. On the afternoon of February 13 this year, all the children in the village gathered at the gate of the old trough to learn the first lesson of the New Year-scholars read family history and etiquette, learn the reading methods of their ancestors, and especially listened to a letter sent back by Luo Hongtao from the United States.
Letters from home mainly advise young students to study hard, exercise and strive to create a better future for themselves. Pay attention to what to eat-"don't be picky about food, don't eat high-sugar and high-fat food"; What kind of books to read-"Stay away from electronic products as much as possible and read more paper classic books. And develop the habit of writing reading notes, think more and summarize more. "
The village Committee and the village decided that every year in the first lesson of the New Year, the children should concentrate in front of the old trough for edification. Even if children can't fully understand the meaning of this letter from home and the importance of etiquette and tradition, the ceremony will gradually leave its mark on them.
Urban and rural changes, in the increasingly fierce competition, do we just have to study hard and work hard? Tang Hua Haute didn't mention this problem. She said that it is increasingly difficult for rural children to get into good universities, and it is increasingly insufficient to rely solely on children's personal efforts. We should "run education together"
Tian Yang Village is small, the campus facilities are not very good, but the school spirit is very strong.
The village committee attaches great importance to and participates in education. Murakami will reward 400 yuan to anyone who is admitted to the university. There were eight last year, and it is estimated that there will be 10 this year. Tang Hua said that the village committee knows all the children with good grades, and everyone in the village knows which children can study. From primary school, every year on Children's Day and the Day for the Elderly, the village committee will also offer condolences and rewards to the students who have studied well in various forms.
Give full play to the role of "Xinxiang Xian". At the beginning of this year, Murakami organized doctors and entrepreneurs to set up the Tian Yang Village Scholarship Fund to help children with learning difficulties due to poverty. The money was managed by a special person. Luo Xuangan also specially deposited an education fund in the bank, and whoever goes to study in the United States will get a grant. Xiang xian Li, set up an education and teaching incentive fund to pay for the meals of teachers and students in the school; Huang Weide donated 1 10,000 yuan to set up an individual reward fund for respecting the elderly and loving relatives ... With money, Qi Xin made great efforts to run education together.
Together, cheerful. Education is a major event in Tian Yang, and it is a major event for everyone.
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Luo Bibo is the first college student in Tian Yang Village after resuming the college entrance examination. Later, Luo Bibo's six brothers and sisters were admitted to universities, and his younger brother Luo Qing and his daughter Luo Zhaojing also became doctors.
Luo Bibo said that all this is because of a good family style. "The whole mother has made a good start."
Luo Bibo's 88-year-old mother Zhang Qiuxiang didn't go to school. She went to night school for two months when she could read. Since then, she has fallen in love with books and still insists on reading for two or three hours every day.
"My mother said that if she was born now, she would definitely become a doctor." Luo Bibo said with a smile.
The good family style mentioned by Luo Bibo is a continuation of the traditional family style and family instruction of the Roche family.
Now, every household in Tian Yang Village has to hang a plaque on which is written the family style and family instructions. Tang Hua said that this is an important work to be carried out in Tian Yang Village. Every family should hang up, so that the family style and family precepts can be seen, touched and passed down.
The ancient wall in the village shows the ancestral family instructions of the village surnames Luo, Zhang, Chen, Qu, Xiao, He, Zhu, Li, Fu, Wang, Deng and Liu 17. For example, Fu Jiazu's family motto is "Respect the old and love the young, get married and get rich, be diligent in educating people, be kind to neighbors, be diligent in being an official, and cultivate one's mind and nature". The family motto handed down by the Luo family is "Serve ancestors, honor parents, live in harmony between husband and wife, be strict with self-discipline, be close to clans, respect teachers, trust friends, practice hard, study hard, be honest, be diligent in keeping a house, be polite, and refrain from doing injustice, gambling, litigation, drowning women and smoking".
Family styles and family precepts of various surnames are hung in Tian Yang Village.
Ancestral family precepts are moral laws. "Work hard and study hard" is the essence of Roche's ancestral teachings.
Tao arouses vulgarity, aiming at educating the people. Tian Yang Village does not want to restore the ancient family precepts, but to change the past and open a new era of family style and family precepts. This is not a simple task. It is necessary to combine new life, new development, new horizons and new requirements, and combine one or two catchy words with your own situation. This is an amazing exploration and a new landscape of civilization.
Tang Hua's good family style and family motto is "After the poetry book is opened, filial friends will pass on the family", which has been achieved. In order to let her family remember and abide by it, she also used family style and family training as the group name of WeChat group. "We hope that every family will do this, so that we can influence people, standardize people and shape people in communication." She said.
The vigorous family style and family instruction is a culture full of vitality and a moral constraint of identity and self-demand. People in Tian Yang think that educating children is a good thing. The village head is building a "Huxiang Farming and Reading Cultural Center". This unique spiritual and cultural center in Tian Yang has three sections: a family style cultural exhibition area that promotes traditional fine family style, respects the old, respects teachers and values education; Show the cultural experience area of Xiangxian, meet Si Qi, and help each other and be friendly; A traditional cultural experience area with the integration of knowledge and practice as the core. It is planned to be completed in June this year at 65438+ 10.
Cultural inheritance can't be said orally, it is necessary to really show things and let children feel it. This is a concept repeatedly emphasized by Tang Huahao.
In Tian Yang, all cultures are tangible, visible and highly sensible. In the village lane, history and culture are scattered everywhere. The old Longjing, which has a history of over 600 years, has been renovated. It is said that drinking water from a well before the exam will make you famous. The 300-year-old trough door shows all kinds of legends, stories, family style and family training of Tian Yang; The 400-year-old old bridge pavilion has experienced wind and frost and is magnificent; The moral lecture hall once a month and the 1000 square meter cultural square are new cultural places; The Autumn Dragon Boat Wharf, built in the Republic of China, is an important battlefield for the Dragon Boat Festival every year. It is another Dragon Boat Festival, and a grand dragon boat race is about to be staged.
Villager Luo Taixi took the reporter to visit the sports center beside the Laodao River. The villagers hold dragon boat races on the river every year.
Paddy fields provide children with a cultural environment, not just a living environment.
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In rice fields, the wind is gentle and the air is warm and elegant.
Not far from the Doctor's Wall, there are two particularly important walls: the old blue brick wall of Luojia Courtyard in Ming Dynasty is the oldest historical relic and the earliest root of Tian Yang; Walk another 100 meters, and you will find the moral wall with the stars of filial piety and public morality. Every time the judges are hung on the wall, villagers can vote. If the villagers think anyone is bad, they can just tear his name off.
Walking back and forth between these three walls, we can find a relatively complete structure of rural cultural significance. Dr. Wall shows children's education and points to the future; The old blue brick wall represents historical inheritance and points to the past; The moral wall shows a model that points to the present. As an internal motive force, education pushes this structure to absorb and purify more things, integrate good values, precipitate new meanings, and form a fully benign world.
In Tian Yang Village, posters promoting Chinese virtues can be seen everywhere.
A clear world. Here, everything has its origin, meaning, or its own meaning, or given meaning, and those absurd, grotesque and uncomfortable things have been excluded or corrected. This is the soul of enlightenment. Therefore, Tian Yang is very friendly to people. Tang Hua said that Tian Yang is always kind. She has lived here for more than 20 years and is deeply touched.
Tang Huahao's mother was from Tian Yang, married to a neighboring village and gave birth to three daughters, two of whom were married back to Tian Yang. Some sisters married Tian Yang. "Tian Yang village is not high. Walking in Tian Yang, you will feel that as a Tian Yang native, you will feel proud compared with other villages. Tian Yang people have an upward will. " Tang Hua is good at teaching and can describe this feeling.
This kindness is rewarding. More and more people go back to build beautiful houses and cultural and sports facilities. Education is connected with the roots of folklore, homesickness and spirit.
The "Tian Yang Peasant Culture and Sports Museum" managed by villager Shen Fenfang is a variety of stadiums, gymnasiums, bathrooms, shower rooms and even golf driving ranges invested by several Tian Yang entrepreneurs. In the evening, the villagers dance in the square, play ball indoors and play basketball on weekends.
Tian Yang Farmers' Culture and Sports Museum built by villagers.
Not far from the Doctor's Wall is the famous fishing knife river. Legend has it that Guan Yu dropped his knife and fished here. Riverside, wharf, open-air basketball court and leisure trail are all available. Flowing water and clouds bring endless life and aura.
There is a slogan in Tian Yang Village: Live a villager's life and let the city people envy you. Garbage is collected centrally, villages and alleys are cleaner than cities, roads change from white to black ... People's livelihood will always be cherished and life will be reset everywhere.
This is the paddy field, the purity of morale, the simplicity of people's feelings, the only thing that nurtures happiness and the blessing of education.
At 7: 30 in the morning, the sound of students reading came from the classroom in Tian Yang Village.