Yang Guang, Emperor Yangdi of Sui Dynasty, was an excellent writer and poet. He was good at writing since he was a child, and his poetry was magnificent and his literary talent was outstanding. He could write not only frontier poems with great momentum, but also poems with lingering feelings and resentment in the palace. He loves art, likes calligraphy and art, and advocates singing and dancing, acrobatics and Yanle with national financial resources, which has had a far-reaching impact on the development of China literature and art. In the era of Emperor Yangdi, the system of selecting scholars by imperial examination was established, schools were set up, books were sorted out, Confucian classics were unified, and scientific and technological undertakings were enthusiastic, and the policy of paying equal attention to Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism was implemented, which had a positive impact on the development of ancient ideological culture and science and education. Emperor Yangdi reformed the bureaucratic management system, merged provinces and counties, streamlined institutions and reduced administrative expenses. The Great Business Law formulated by Emperor Yangdi of Sui Dynasty is a relatively standardized feudal code, which has a certain influence on later generations. In fourteen years, a feudal emperor has done so many things and achieved so many achievements, which can't be said to be a great achievement. If so, how many emperors in the history of China can compete with Emperor Yangdi Yang Guang?
At the age of 5, Emperor Yangguang of Sui Dynasty lost his soul in Jiangdu, and the grass was buried in Leitang. It was already rotten grass without fireflies, and weeping willows had dusk crows. Emperor Yangdi became a tyrant who has been reviled for thousands of years. The blame is that he did not speak kindly, did not practice benevolent government, abused power, spared no expense in people's resources, ignored people's livelihood and ignored public opinion. A king or political party that doesn't value people's livelihood, respect public opinion, take people's will as its will, and doesn't save, protect and support the people, no matter how great its achievements are, can only be a tyrant or tyranny.
—— Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was a "peerless talent, unlucky king". Li Yu has the dual identity of a king of national subjugation and an outstanding poet. Is it the poet's temperament that led to the tragic end of his country's subjugation, or is it the life experience of the country's subjugation that made him an outstanding poet?
the southern Tang dynasty was founded only 38 years ago, and it experienced three generations: the first master Dr., the middle master Li Jing and the last master Li Yu. The first master paid great attention to courtesy and virtue, and the middle master had the demeanor of a scholar. This kind of imperial house full of artistic atmosphere and temperament was not masculine enough, but feminine enough. The late master Li Yu was influenced by it for a long time, and naturally it was "light and ambitious, and no one was regal." Li Yu's greatest ideal in life is to be a recluse who is far away from the world and happy in the mountains, and has no intention of being a king. On a picture of the Spring River, Li Yu wrote "The Fisherman's Word", saying:
"The waves are full of snow, and the peaches and plums are silent.
a pot of wine, a stick, how many people are there in the world?
a spring breeze, a boat, a cocoon and a light hook.
flowers are full, wine is full, and you are free in the waves. "
a boat with a leaf, a hook pole, carefree landscape, comfortable life. Words and phrases reveal the life interests and ideals of the late master. Being emperor is a last resort for Li Yu. In 959 AD, Li Yu's eldest brother, Prince Li Hong, died of illness, and he was made king of Wu and made a prince. In less than half a year, the Lord died of a sudden illness, and Li Yu had to go up and prop up this stormy home country. It's true that some people deliberately pursue the throne but can't, and some people sincerely escape the throne but can't. In "Ascending to the throne on Song Taizu Table", Li Houzhu revealed his heart "I am a scholar, and I am really ashamed. Since the glue is out, the heart is sparse and profitable. Thinking about chasing the nest and making a lot of dust, I am far from admiring foreigners and being righteous. " It can be seen that his longing is completely beyond the worldly life in the mountains. With such ideals and temperament as the king of a country, and encountering the momentum of "strong winds rise in cloud flying", Song Taizu, the political opponent, is it strange not to be a vassal? When he became the king of national subjugation, the situation of the late master was even more embarrassing and his heart was more painful. In a small building in Bianjing, the late master naturally added some words of condolence to the temple to go to the country, which made later generations read the eternal swan song of "The small building was easterly last night, so the country was unbearable to look back on the moon and the bright future" and "How much sorrow can you have, just like a river flowing eastward". Song Taizong put these words into the "morning medicine", which resulted in the death of Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, at the age of 43.
—— Emperor Chongzhen, who "died without being the king of the country". In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Youjian in Chongzhen was an emperor who made great efforts and made achievements. It's just bad luck. He inherited a mess of internal and external difficulties, and the signs of decline began to appear when his grandfather Wanli. Zhu Youxiao, the first emperor of Xi Dynasty, died childless, and Chongzhen succeeded to the throne in the form of brotherhood and was ordered to be in danger. At that time, the situation was that Wei Zhongxian was good at political affairs, engaged in private castration, and was in power in one's hand and in one's hand. In the face of strong political opponents, Chongzhen quietly exterminated the traitors, and showed his unique courage, courage and strategy in the contest with the Wei Party.
The troubled autumn made Chongzhen eager to seek treatment, but it backfired. He knew that employing people was the first priority, and he used talents in an eclectic way. However, he did not specialize in employing people, changed them frequently, punished them at will, imprisoned Yuan Chonghuan, forced Hong Chengchou away, and alienated his officials. Diligent in governance, hands-on, but headstrong, eventually become a loner, hanged himself in jingshan park, only one eunuch accompanied him, but only a few people died for his country. During the reign of Chongzhen, the most reviled was the increase of three salaries, which made the people complain, "it caused the people to be poor and bad, and it was a mistake for the country." In the face of "everything is the image of national subjugation" and the Li family's army approaching Beijing, what Chongzhen can do is to profoundly review the achievements of the 17 years of the pro-dynasty to the people of the world: First, "it is a heavy burden to fight every year and send more troops every day." Second, "corrupt officials seize the opportunity to take advantage of it, increase their consumption, and suffer every day"; The third is "to be arrogant and arrogant, don't dare to use your life, burn and plunder, and treat you like enemies." After all, this introspection is too late. Who can listen to it? On March 18, 1644, faced with the fall of the inner city, the only thing Chongzhen could do was to personally change clothes and tie his three sons and persuade them to escape. I didn't have this idea for my daughter, so I had to wield my sword and cut it at Princess Changping, who was sixteen years old, and sighed, "Why did you give birth to my family?" . For the queens, they also hanged themselves one by one. On the 19th day, Chongzhen ended his life at the age of 35 with a rope.