biography
Born in Bingzi, Jiaqing (18 16), 16 years old returned to his hometown with his father. My father's dead people robbed their fields, fled to Hengzhou and went to Shigu Academy. Invest in Hengzhou Xiebiao Camp to make up the accounts and pay monthly wages to support the family. The county magistrate of Hengzhou is an expert. I accidentally saw his handwriting, praised it greatly, and recruited him to study in the department, with student staff attached. In the thirty years of Daoguang (1850), Li Yuanfa rose up and was suppressed by Hengzhou Xiepacesetter. Transit from Xinning and Jingzhou to Guizhou and Guangxi. Decided to pull out the outsourcing Committee of Linwuying and return to Hengyang. Xuan Ying was hired by Yang Zichun, a wealthy businessman, to be a manager in Leiyang. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Zeng Guofan commanded the army in Hengzhou, and he was worried about his family. At the invitation of Zeng Guofan, he founded a navy, bought foreign guns and made ships. In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), the Taiping Army marched westward to Hunan. In March, he led the navy division to cooperate with the land camp of the magistrate and defeated the Taiping Army in Xiangtan. Tell the county (Zhengqipin) with merit. After going north, he was trapped in Yuezhou and promoted to Tongzhi (Zhengwupin). In August, he led a navy division to attack Wuhan and burned more than 0/000 Taiping River Warships trapped in Hanyang. 1 1 month, joined the army's Tachibu department to attack Tianjia Town, cut off the Taiping rebels' chains with a big axe to block the river, and burned about 3,000 ships, registered as a magistrate (from Sipin). Later, it was intercepted by Shi Dakai Department of Taiping Army in Hukou, Jiangxi Province, and was divided into two parts: the outer river and the inner lake, and its combat effectiveness was weakened. In the first month of the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), the Waijiang fleet attacked the Taiping Army at night and lost its new embankment. After the rectification movement, we fought many battles with Taiping Army in Hubei. When Zeng Guofan was trapped in Jiangxi, he called for help. Go to Nanchang, summon up courage to build a ship and enrich the Neihu Navy. In the first month of the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), the Taiping Army was defeated in Zhangshu Town, Linjiang and other places, and "Yuehui Chaojia Road (level 4)". Seek to capture Jianchang and Nankang. In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), two amphibious battalions went south from Hubei, besieged Jiujiang, captured Hukou, and made the trapped lake water division join forces with the outer river water division, adding official titles (orthodox doctrine). In the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), he fell to Jiujiang and was given the title of political envoy (from the second grade). In the eleventh year of Xianfeng (186 1), a flying boat was built and rowed into the lake, which cooperated with the army and broke the Taiping Army camp in Linghu. Trapped in Anqing, awarded to the governor of Anhui (second class). Three times, I made a speech and said, "I started my career in the army. I lived on a warship for a long time, wearing a straw hat and short clothes." "Once I was sent to Xinjiang, I went back and forth and asked if I knew the name of the criminal and if I knew Qian Gu." "I didn't want to learn anything." "This is even more dangerous." Because of its "truthfulness", the Qing court was appointed as the prefect of the navy division (second class) and re-awarded the left assistant minister of the Ministry of War. In the first year of Tongzhi (1862), he led a navy division to assist the Ceng Guoquan army to descend east along the river and capture Jinzhuguan, Dongliang and Wuhu in Anhui. After capturing Jiang Xinzhou and Pubao Island, it entered the moat mouth of Tianjin (now Nanjing). Ceng Guoquan led the army to lean on the navy, drove the army straight in, and forced it to plunge into Yuhuatai. In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Jiangpu, Jiufuzhou and Pukou were captured, and Tianjing was cut off from providing food and surrounded. After three years of Tongzhi (1863), Tianjing was captured, and he was awarded the title of first-class captain without pomp, plus the title of Prince Shaobao (second-class). The following year, I sent a letter to Governor Cao Yun (one product at a time), and he resigned. In the seventh year of Tongzhi (1868), the Yangtze River Navy was established and appointed as the first governor of the Yangtze River, who was once a year. He is really an imperial envoy who "kills before he acts". Together with Zeng Guofan, the Yangtze River Navy camp system was established: "From Jingzhou and Yuezhou to Chongming County, there are prefects for more than 5,000 miles. The total number of soldiers is five, and the flood season is divided into six standards. There are 798 sentinels and 22,000 soldiers. " In the spring of the following year, I went back to my hometown. Because of the shortage of Zhajiang's old house, I built a courtyard in Hengzhou, saying, "I retired from the provincial nunnery." In the eleventh year of Tongzhi (1872), he was ordered to inspect the navy along the river. Seeing that there are many disadvantages, he often shares things. He is a helmsman or can't operate the boat by oars. In order to sort out matters,1more than 80 sentry officers were dismissed, recommended Li Chengmou as the prefect, and ordered him to patrol once a year. In the seventh year of Guangxu (188 1), he served as the governor of the two rivers and the minister of commerce and trade of Nanyang (second-rate), and later resigned and remained in charge of river defense and coastal defense. Guangxu nine years (1883) Jin dynasty Ministry of war history (level 2) is not allowed. In the 10th year of Guangxu (1884), when the Sino-French war broke out, he was ordered to defend in Guangdong. Mobilize 4000 Xiang troops to go by sea and follow them to Guangzhou by land. Xiang troops assembled, surveyed the terrain, inspected the fort and camp, renovated the Humen fortress, strengthened coastal integrity, fortified sand corners, chiseled stones as cannon holes to cover foot soldiers, organized sand fishing boats, and guarded seaports in coastal areas such as Hengmen, Modaomen and Yamen. After consultation with Zhang Shusheng, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, we will hold group training on the spot. In accordance with the regulations of the army, carefully select camp officers and practice hard to train an army to defend its territory and resist aggression in a short time. In the 11th year of Guangxu (1885), the French army invaded lang son, defended Guangxi, led veteran Feng Zicai to fight against the French army, and sent troops out of Guangdong to defend Qinzhou and Lingshan positions. In Nanguan, Langshan Town, World War I was a total victory. Many times, he went to the main battle and opposed peace talks. There was a saying that "five wars can be fought, and five wars are not harmonious." . A few days later, the peace talks ended and the troops withdrew. He was filled with indignation and demanded strict preparation to prevent future troubles. It was autumn, and I asked for help because of illness. In the 14th year of Guangxu (1888), he visited the Yangtze River Navy because of illness, and returned to Anqing to recuperate. In the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), he died in the provincial capital on the east bank of Xiangjiang River in Hengzhou. I can write poetry all my life, always outspoken and unique; I especially like painting plums, with branches and trees full of flowers, which are widely spread at sea. To the Prince Taibao, open and upright, build a special shrine. He is the author of Peng Gang Zhigong Drama Draft and Peng Gang Zhigong Poetry Collection.
Personality assessment
Peng Yulin is versatile and good at poetry, calligraphy and painting. Plum Blossom Ink Painting is two unique paintings in Qing Dynasty (the other is Zheng Banqiao Ink Bamboo). He painted plum blossoms for more than 40 years, and * * * painted100000 plum blossoms. Poems-related poems such as "India" and "Retreat from the Province"-"Hongmei" and "Mo Mei", the plum painted by Peng is a unique skill-leading the Xiang army, unifying the navy and destroying the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom; 1883 during the sino-French war, he presided over the military of Guangdong and Guangxi, recruited troops to stop the French army, and his generals Feng Zicai, Nanguan Shengli and Lang Zisheng repelled the French invasion. Vietnam is being successfully recovered, but Li Hongzhang "stops if it is good." Love-"when it doesn't help, it's hard for me to be ashamed, and plum blossoms are fragrant in my heart." Officials-the prefect of the navy, the governor of grain transportation, the governor of the two rivers and the minister of Nanyang trade, the minister of war, the first-class captain, and the Prince Taibao. Throughout the ages, a person can draw well, fight hard, write poems without losing Su Dongpo, be as patriotic as a model, and have flowing feelings. Wisdom, benevolence, courage, loyalty, filial piety and righteousness are all in one, and the love of Meigu is even more legendary, which can be described as a miracle through the ages. Zhang Zhidong: "If you add officials and don't worship, you will ride donkeys on the lake for a long time; Do as I say and swear to be a crocodile in the sea. " Zeng Guofan: "Peng Yulin's scholars are obedient, brave, impassioned and martyr-like." "On the heroes of the world, Peng Yulin and Li Hongzhang are the best." Zeng Guofan gave Peng Yulin a gift: "The martyrs are brave and fearless; The means of killing is alive! " Hu Linyi: "Brave crown, bold."
Xue Yulin
Among the political figures in the late Qing Dynasty, Peng Yulin was a very special figure. Although Zuo, who is also known as the "three outstanding figures in Qing Dynasty" with Zeng Guofan, is also known as the "executioner to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom uprising", middle school history textbooks also mention that they set up westernization, especially recovering Xinjiang in his later years. Up to now, the shadow of Left still exists, and Zeng Guofan is praised by later scholars. It is said that He Zuo is the leader of the two parties in this country and the leader of this country. However, Peng Yulin's deeds are rarely circulated for two reasons. First, people familiar with the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom know that most of the land wars in Xiang were against the Taiping Army, and the winning rate on water was above 70%. He was the commander-in-chief of the Xiang Navy when he suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and his hands were "stained with the blood of the Taiping Army"; Secondly, he is honest and disliked by his colleagues in the Xiang army. He made extensive friends with Zeng Guofan's younger brothers Ceng Guoquan and Li Hongzhang, and resigned many times after becoming famous. He was unique in the filthy officialdom of the late Qing Dynasty, and many people ridiculed him for being "narcissistic". However, if we look at him, whether it is military or literary talent, Peng Yulin is a temporary leader, which is totally worth learning from our younger generation. Peng Yulin word Xue Qin, number Xue Shuai. His father, Peng Mingjiu, worked as a "patrol in Liangyuan Town, Hefei", equivalent to the county public security bureau chief. However, such a military attache with low grade was highly praised by Li Zhanghan (the younger brother of Li Hongzhang), then governor of Anhui. Peng Mingjiu personally made a biography after his death, "pushing it as the best official in Anhui." However, Peng Mingjiu died at an early age, and his honest and upright officials were notorious for thousands of years. Some bad people in the clan bullied orphans and widows, and Peng Yulin spent a miserable childhood in his hometown of Hengyang. When I was studying at Shigu College in Hengzhou Fucheng, "The old robe is the crown. Although I don't have three meals, I am self-sufficient, and I have never sighed for hunger and cold." My brother Peng went to a distant place to learn business with others before he was an adult. I haven't heard from him for many years. Faced with this dilemma, Peng Yulin had to give up his studies and find a civilian job in the military camp to support his widowed mother. However, jade is always different from gravel. During this period, I met the first Bole in my life-Master Jian of Hengzhou County. By chance, Master Jian Zhen saw a written document in the military camp, praised his literary talent and calligraphy, and accepted him as an apprentice. Since then, Peng Yulin's life journey has been much smoother. However, if we stop here, Peng Yulin can only be a celebrity in Hengyang City at most, and he will seek an official position through the imperial examination. Like his father, he can only die in the countryside despite his talent and ability. A vigorous Taiping Rebellion pushed a group of outstanding intellectuals in Hunan to the front of history. Zeng Zuo Peng Hu, the "four famous ministers of ZTE", came from Xiang army. So troubled times are more equivalent to an opportunity for them. Peng Yulin World War I was not aimed at the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, but at Li Yuanfa of Xinning. A small riot with only a few hundred people was quickly put down. Peng Yulin made great contributions in this war, and was awarded a top hat in Lanling, but he resigned and became Mr. Zhang Guan in a pawnshop in Leiyang. I'm afraid that at this time, his intellectual pride is still deeply rooted, and he obviously disdains the behavior of military commanders who seek fame by killing people. It's just that he didn't expect that after several years, he would still embark on this road. In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was in full swing, and the decadent Eight Banners were losing ground. Zeng Guofan returned to his hometown to organize Yong ying, and Peng Yulin was recommended, while Peng Yulin was in the midst of his mother's death, which should not be. Zeng Guofan wrote: "If the village borrows, the father and son will not protect each other, can they keep the tomb for a long time?" Peng Yulin generously applied for the job. The meeting between Zeng Guofan, 43, and Peng Yulin, 38, had a great influence on the shaky Qing Dynasty and even the history of China. I'm afraid they can't predict it themselves. Peng Yulin is very strict in managing the army. His boat is a speedboat with a red flag. It patrols everywhere and comes and goes like the wind. Fighting, gambling and smoking opium are not allowed in the camp. If there are violators, they should be punished with dozens of sticks, or their heads will fall to the ground. Therefore, under the rule of Peng Yulin, the discipline of the army was the first in the Xiang army, far better than those who lured the army to the death with money, wine and beautiful women in Ceng Guoquan. Although the soldiers are cunning, they are superior to the impermanence method, and it is clear at a glance. Ceng Guoquan broke Anqing, killing more than 10,000 Taiping rebels (Pang Qingyun's action in warlords originated from this romance), and broke Jiangning for the second time, and then staged a massacre scene, and people nicknamed him "Zeng Butcher". Peng Yulin couldn't bear it, and wrote to Zeng Guofan, "For the sake of the public and the future, the name is ruined!" Zeng Guofan was helpless, although the tone of his reply was quite stiff. "Adults advised me to override family loyalty in the winter of eleven years (186 1) and this time (1864). I don't care, Cai is against it. I don't know why I'm being punished. I don't know where I offended. Do you regret it? " Privately, he also gave the bold Jiu Ge a good scolding. Even the eldest brother, Xue Shuai's frankness can be seen. After Peng Yulin was seventy years old, he focused on the military affairs of Guangdong and Guangxi, but it was entirely out of concern for state affairs-at that time, the French invaded and coveted the border of China and Guangxi, and Xue Shuai planned for many years. Feng Zicai, the famous soldier of Xiang Army, lived up to his mission and won a great victory in Nanguan Town, thus winning the reputation of China Army. In the foreign wars in the late Qing Dynasty, I'm afraid only Zuo regained Xinjiang. Regrettably, Li Hongzhang and others, who were in charge of state affairs, were eager to make peace and signed a treaty with France when the situation was good. In fact, they admitted the French occupation of Vietnam and created an anecdote in the history of world diplomacy. Peng Yulin was so worried that he finally fell ill and died in Guangxu 15 (1890). Peng Yulin is good at painting, especially at painting plum blossoms. The plum blossoms he painted are majestic, with branches like dragons and flowers like blood. People call it "military plum blossom", but many people regard it as a magical product. According to legend, when Peng Yulin lived in Hengyang, a famous beauty named Mei Xian lived next door. She admired Xue Shuai's talent and personality, so she asked the media to say hello and was willing to follow her. The so-called heroes and beauties bring out the best in each other, which Peng Yulin naturally appreciates. But at that time, Xue Shuai's house was surrounded by walls, and he couldn't get enough. In order to hire him in the future, he had to postpone his marriage. I hate god for rejecting the beauty of adults. Soon, Meixian died of illness, and Xue Shuai wanted to cry, so he vowed to draw 10 thousand paintings for Meixian all his life in return for her love. His poems are also generous and gloomy, because he is lonely as a man, and he should pay more attention to the feeling that his bosom friend is hard to find. Therefore, it is also true feelings to pin his heart on poetry and painting and express the resentment that heroes can't dominate. Xue Shuai's behavior is admirable in general. I don't know how many people will sink into the long river of history and follow Xue Shuai's iron and blood character in the future.