Eight Methods of Yongzi
(1) The point is the side (like a bird turning over and down);
(2) The horizontal point is the rein (like the reins used to rein in a horse) );
(3) The upright position is a crossbow (with force);
(4) The hook is a crossbow (jumping appearance, the same as leaping);
( 5) Raise to spur (like using a whip to spur a horse);
(6) Skip to plunder (like using a grate to pluck hair);
(7) Skip short to peck (Like a bird pecking an object);
(8) Nie is a Zhe (the sound of the Zhe is narrow, the split animal is a Zhe, and the pen edge is open).
2. Exquisite explanation of the Eight Methods
(1) The origin of the Eight Methods
The Eight Methods of Yongzi take the stipple writing method of Yongzi as an example to explain the brush and composition of regular script. word method. Its origins are as follows:
1. Cui Ziyu, Zhong Yao, and Wang Xizhi
Tang Zhang Huaijin's "Yutang Forbidden Classic": "The Eight Methods originated from the beginning of the official character, and later Han Dynasty Cui Zi, who followed King Zhong of Yuli, taught him how to use the eight styles of calligraphy in Wanzi.
Li Puguang of the Yuan Dynasty wrote "Xue'an Bafa·Bafa Jie": "In the past dynasties and below, calligraphers have mastered the wonderfulness of calligraphy. Those who are famous in the world, such as Zhong Yao and Wang Xizhi of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and Ou of the Tang Dynasty ( Yangxun), Yu (Shinan), Liu (Gongquan), and Yan (Zhenqing) also have books in their families, which they passed down. Unfortunately, they have been lost for a long time, and the original works have not survived, but Xi's "Yong" "The Eight Methods of Characters", "Samadhi Song", is popular in the world. "
"Fa Shu Yuan": "Wang Yi Shao Gongshu focused on the Eight Methods of 'Yong' in his fifteenth year, and used his Eight Methods. The power of the Dharma can penetrate everything."
Bao Shichen of the Qing Dynasty wrote in "Yi Zhou Shuang Ji· Shu Shu Xia": "The characters are gathered to form a chapter, and the paintings are accumulated to form characters, so there are eight methods of painting. In the Tang and Han Dynasties, Fang Ming said that the eight methods originated from the beginning of Li characters. "It was passed down by Cui Ziyu, Li Zhong, Wang and Zhiyong Zen masters, and it is a summary of the ancient and modern calligraphy." It is also said: "The eight paintings of the character 'Yong' are used to prepare the eight skills." "
2. Zhiyong's theory
Song Dynasty Chensi's "Shu Yuanjinghua": "The Sui monk Zhiyong inspired his instructions and learned from the secret supervisor Shinan of Yu, and he taught it here. Sui Guangzhangyan"
3. Zhang Xu said
Song Zhu Changwen's "Mochi Pian" and "Zhang Xu Chuan Yongzi Bafa" are the same as "Ode to Liu Bafa" and "Yan Luba". Song of Dharma".
The "Samadhi of Calligraphy" in "The True Story of Calligraphy" by Feng Wu of the Qing Dynasty says: "Every study must have essentials, if the net is in the outline, it is orderly and orderly. The word 'Yong' is the outline of all words. "Yes, if you know this, there are thousands of words."
(2) The eight methods of Yongzi
1. The point is the side (like a bird turning sideways)
Side means tilted incorrectly, and the point should be tilted, like a boulder standing on its side, dangerous and majestic. If the patient is lying down or standing upright, he will lose his momentum due to dementia. The dots of Yong character are closed with an exposed edge to correspond with the horizontal painting below.
2. Horizontal reining (such as reining a horse)
Handwise and upward, like a rider tightening the reins, the force is directed inwards through the crossbow (vertical) . If the pen is dragged horizontally or tilted downwards when lying down, it will become tired and weak. Write against the front, go slowly and return quickly, and maintain the trend of "go against the front and go out flat, and you must close when you go forward". It is not advisable to slide along the front to avoid being light and dull.
3. Upright as a crossbow (Tongnu)
Nu means powerful. The vertical painting adopts the posture of straight inside and curved outside, such as an upright crossbow. Although the shape is curved, the quality is contained. Infinite power. Therefore, the vertical painting should not be too straight. It must match the overall situation of the font. Only by seeing the straightness in the curve can we have the momentum to advance. Too straight is like a dead tree standing on the ground, although it is upright but weak.
4. The hook is a crotch (the same as leaping)
When making a hook, you first crouch forward to gather momentum, then quickly lift the pen, then twist the front and twist around, taking advantage of the trend. Take the lead and focus on the cutting edge. If a person wants to jump, he needs to squat down to accumulate strength, and then jump up suddenly. The reason why the edge is not flat is to echo with Ce (picking) to draw the pen.
5. Ti is a whip (such as a whip used to spur a horse)
The original meaning of Ce is a horse whip, and its extended meaning here is to respond. The pick-up painting is mostly used on the left side of the characters, and its tendency is to slant upward to the right, which corresponds to the stipple painting on the right, forming a back-to-back posture.
The design of the word Yong is slightly flat, mainly in response to the peck (horizontal stroke) on the right. Although the two brush strokes are inconsistent and inconsistent, their hearts and minds are connected and corresponding. The posture is slightly upward, the force is used to write, and the force is used to close the attack.
6. Skip to plunder (plunder means to brush and plunder)
It is like a grate plundering hair, and the shape is like a swallow plundering under the eaves. It is said that writing a sweeping painting should be like brushing the surface of an object with your hand. Although the strokes are gradually accelerated and the strokes are light and crisp, the force must be sent to the end, otherwise it will be floating and weak.
7. The short abbreviation means pecking (like a bird pecking something)
It means that the horizontal abbreviation should be like a bird pecking. The writing is fast and sharp. When the pen is written, it comes out from the left, sharp and slanting down, with lightness, agility and strength as the winner.
8. Na is Zhe (the sound of Zhe is narrow, the split is Zhe, and the stroke is open)
There are two meanings here: one refers to Zhe drawn in the font structure In terms of function, the original meaning of "Zhe" refers to the dismemberment of sacrifices for sacrifice, which means disintegration and splitting. The Nahua in regular script comes from the wave of official script, and the wave of official script is to break up the bent and wrapped form of small seal script and make the font open to the outside. Therefore, official script is also called Fenshu, and Na in regular script also plays this role. The strokes of regular script are cohesive but outward, making the fonts develop smoothly and openly. The second is that this straight line should be written vigorously, sharply and with momentum. The original meaning of Zhe is to dismember, and dismemberment must be split with a knife. Zhehua means to split with a knife. When writing, you should go against the front and fall gently, then go out slowly and gradually become heavier after coming out to the right, and at the end, the line should be slightly upturned and the front should be closed. It should be calm and powerful, with twists and turns, and the momentum should be natural.
In the conclusion of the eight methods, Lu Zhao said: "The eight methods of Yongzi are the stipples." But the eight methods do not exist in isolation. We are considering how to arrange each stipple, which actually involves the structure rules of the characters. Therefore, the author of Bafa intends to explain the writing and combination of basic pointillism through the analysis of Yongzi.