1. Ask for the translation of "Sima Wen Gong's Reading Method" (if you have the original text, please ask for experts to get extra points)
There are 10,000 literary and historical materials in the reading hall of Sima Wen Gong's Paradise. Multiple volumes. Although the books that Sima Wen Gong often read in the morning and evening were ten years old, they were as new as if they had not been touched by his hands. He once said to his son Gongxiu: 'The treasures I treasure are all from the Confucian school. But when I know this baby is precious. Every year from Shangfu to Double Ninth Festival, when the weather is clear and bright, I set up a desk on that day, and put the books sideways on it to expose their upper parts, so even though the years have passed, they still seem to have not been damaged and turned over. Same. As for reading a scroll, you must first go to a clean table, cover it with a quilt, and then sit upright and read it. Sometimes he wanted to read while walking, so he would hold a square tablet in his hand. He would not dare to hold it with his hands, not only for fear that it would be stained with sweat, but also for fear that it would touch his head. Every time after reading an article, I would hold the edge of the book with the thumbnail of my right hand and lift the page, twist it with the nail of my index finger and pinch the page together. In this way, my hands would not rub the page. piece of paper. Whenever I see you juniors picking up paper with your fingers and claws, it really doesn’t agree with me. Today, the old man of Buddha still knows how to respect his books. Are my children inferior to him? One should resolve to correct it.
Personal opinion, for reference only 2. Translation of Sima Guang Loves Books
Translation
The reading hall in Sima Guang’s Paradise contains books on literature and history. Ten thousand is more than enough. Among them, the books that Sima Guang often read every morning looked as new as if they had never been touched even though they had been read for decades. Sima Guang once said to his son Gongxiu: "Businessmen love to collect money and goods. What Confucians collect are just these (books). You should know how to cherish them. Every year between Shangfu and Double Ninth Festival, I encounter sunny days , I set up several desks that day and put the books on them diagonally, so that even though it took a long time, the books were not damaged. Put it under the book, and then sit upright before reading. Sometimes (you can't sit upright to read) you need to read while walking, then put the book on a square board (read), and never dare to hold the book directly with your hands. , not only are you worried about the sweat on your hands soaking into the pages, but you are also worried about touching the threads that thread through the books. Every time you finish reading a page, put the side of your right thumb against the edge of the page, and then use your index finger (and thumb). Accordingly, you can twist the pages of the book so that you can turn the page without damaging the paper. I often see you picking up the pages with your fingers when turning the book. This is not what I mean. , Taoists) even know how to respect their scriptures, how can we Confucians be inferior to them? "
Word explanation
< p> [1] Du Yuan Yuan: The garden Sima Guang set up in Luoyang, see Sima Guang's "Du Yuan Yuan Ji".
/p>
Jing: End
Nao: Book head, the place where holes are punched on the spine of a thread-bound book
Yin: Mat
Pagoda, Laoshi: Generally refers to Buddhists and Taoists
Question
In the book "Sima Guang Loves Books", Sima Guang loves books like treasures. In what three aspects is this reflected?
When reading on a sunny day, the book must be placed in a place away from sunlight. Before reading, the book case must be cleaned and covered with a mattress before reading. If you are traveling, When you need to read a book, you must use a square board to support it. You cannot read with a hand-held book, and you must not touch the book with sweaty hands to avoid staining the book. After reading a page, you should gently use the thumb and index finger of your right hand to gently touch the edge of the book. Never pick it up with your fingers to avoid crumpling the paper. 3. Read the following classical Chinese text and complete the next question
Answer: 1.C; 2.C; 3.D; Analysis: (1) The first "qi" in item C refers to those prisoners whose cases are arguable, and the second "qi" refers to Yu Yan.
The two words "with" in item A are both prepositions, because. The two "nai"s in item B are both adverbs, so, then.
The two "zhi" in item D are both particles, of.
(2) The second sentence of item A is the emperor’s opinion of Ma Cheng; the first sentence of item B is about the murder of Fu Zong, the second sentence is about Yu Yan’s exposure of Ma Cheng; the second sentence of item D is about the emperor’s Feeling.
(3) The emperor finally came to his senses, not because he learned about Deng Yan’s character from Yu Yan, but because Deng Yan “did not accept his father’s death while in office.” (4) (1) Yu Yan was resented because of this incident, so his official position could not be promoted.
(Pay attention to the usage of "Yi" and "Jian". Judging from the relationship between the meaning of the sentence, "Yi" is translated as "because", and "Jian" means passive.) (2) Ji Wenzi assisted the State of Lu, and his concubine *** Silk clothes.
Very few people make mistakes due to frugality. (Note that "Yi" is used as a verb, "Yue" means frugality, and "Xian" means "little".)
(3) The emperor already thought that Deng Yan was different, so he ordered him to He came to the palace claiming to be Nanyang Gong Cao. (Note that "different" is used as an verb.)
Reference translation: When Yu Yan was young, he was the head of the pavilion. At that time, Wang Mang's nobleman (female official name) Wei's retainers indulged, and Yu Yan led the officials to rush into Wei. The family arrested the retainer, and Yu Yan was resented for this incident, so he could not be promoted. In the last years of Wang Mang, the world was in chaos. Yu Yan often wore armor and helmets to protect his relatives and resist plundering bandits. Many people relied on him to protect their lives and property.
In the early years of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was appointed magistrate of Xiyang County. Later, he resigned and returned to his hometown. The prefect Fu Zong heard about Yu Yan's reputation and recruited him as a meritorious officer.
Fu Zong's character was extravagant and indulgent, and many of his cars and decorative objects were not in compliance with the law. Yu Yan advised: "In the past, Yan Ying assisted the state of Qi, but his rough leather clothes were incomplete; Ji Wenzi assisted the state of Lu, and his concubine wore silk clothes.
Few people make mistakes because of frugality. Very good." Fu Zong was unhappy, so Yu Ting resigned and left.
Soon after, Fu Zong was indeed killed for his extravagant indulgence. When he was about to be executed, he wiped his tears and sighed: "I hate that I didn't listen to the advice of the meritorious Cao Yu Yan!" Yu Yan was promoted! As the magistrate of Luoyang County. At this time, the Yin family (Queen Yin's family) had a retainer named Ma Cheng who often committed robberies and thefts. Yu Yan arrested and interrogated him.
The Yin family repeatedly requested that he be exempted from the crime, and Yu Yan received an intercession letter and slapped him with an additional two hundred blows. Xinyang Hou Yinjiu (the younger brother of Queen Yin) then told the emperor that many people had been wronged by falsely accusing Yu Yan.
The emperor then went to the building on the patrol road and personally inspected the prisoners' crimes. Yu Yan asked those prisoners whose cases were arguable to stand on the east side and those who had no reason to argue on the west side.
Ma Cheng then turned around and wanted to go east. Yu Yan stepped forward to catch him and said to him: "You are a big beetle among people. You have relied on power for a long time and are not afraid of being burned. Now the review and verification are not finished. You should Punished completely in accordance with the law!" Ma Cheng shouted that he was wronged, and the emperor's guard officer stabbed Yu Yan with a halberd and scolded Yu Yan to let Ma Cheng go.
The emperor knew that Yu Yan was impartial and selfless, and said to Ma Cheng: "You have violated the king's law and it is you who caused the disaster!" He scolded him and told him to go back quickly. Ma Cheng was sentenced to death a few days later.
From then on, my relatives restrained their behavior and no one dared to break the law. Yu Yan was later promoted to the post of Nanyang Prefect.
In the early years of Yongping, there was a new wild hero named Deng Yan. As a descendant of a marquis, he often attended court meetings, and his politeness and manners were better than those of ordinary people. When Emperor Xianzong saw him, he turned around and said to the people around him: "Why do I look like this man?" He was specially given a carriage, horse and clothes.
Yu Yan believed that although Deng Yan had good looks, he had no actual character and never treated him with more courtesy than ordinary people. The emperor already thought that Deng Yan was different, so he ordered him to come to the palace claiming to be Nanyang Gongcao.
After he arrived, he was appointed as a doctor and promoted to Sima of the Xuanwu Sect. When Deng Yan was an official, he did not mourn for his father. When the emperor heard about this, he sighed: "'Understanding people is wise, and only the emperor can hardly do it.' This is indeed true!" Deng Yan was ashamed and resigned from his official position. .
Therefore (people at the time) believed that Yu Yan had the ability to know people. 4. Read the following classical Chinese passage and complete the next question
Answers: 1.B; 2.C; 3.C; Analysis: (1) Let: blame (3) "When discussing this matter, He had a fierce dispute with Fang Xuanling and others, and was dismissed as the crown prince and young master." does not conform to the original description.
(4) ① After hearing your words, (realizing) that this is the basis of the country (stability), I have regarded these words as a treasure. So if I reward you with a box of gold, you must not refuse it! (1 point for smooth sentences, 1 point for each of the four points, and 5 points for ***) ② When you receive an edict, you must review it repeatedly to make sure that it (and the previous edict) does not conflict with each other before it can be released. This is The reason why the edict remains temporarily.
(1 point for smooth sentences, 1 point for each of the four scoring points, ***5 points) Attached translation: Biography of Xiao Yu Xiao Yu, also known as Shi Wen, was the son of Xiao Kui, Emperor Ming of Nanyang Houliang. Xiao Yu loves Buddhism and can write articles.
He has an upright and severe temperament, and despises flashy and unrealistic things. When Yang Guang of Jin Dynasty became the crown prince, Xiao Yu was appointed crown prince Zuo Qianniu.
He ascended to the throne of God and was appointed as the internal historian. He spoke against Emperor Duan's wishes many times and was gradually alienated. After the great ancestor Li Yuan entered Chang'an, he greeted Xiao Yu. He offered up Hechi County and defected to the Tang Dynasty. He was awarded the title of Guanglu doctor, the Duke of Song Dynasty, and the title of Shangshu of the Ministry of Civil Affairs.
Qin Wang Li Shimin also served as the right marshal and attacked Luoyang. Xiao Yu was appointed as the acting Sima of the Qin Palace. In the first year of Wude (618), he was promoted to the position of Internal History Order. Emperor Gaozu entrusted him with confidential affairs, and he was involved in handling all government affairs inside and outside the palace.
Sometimes I would take him to sit on the royal couch and call him "Xiao Lang" affectionately. Xiao Yu works diligently and tirelessly, and has no scruples in criticizing and correcting mistakes.
Whenever useful suggestions are made, they are adopted. Emperor Gaozu wrote an edict in his own hand: "After hearing your words, I realized that this is the basis for the stability of the country. I have regarded these words as a treasure.
Therefore, I will reward you with a box of gold. You must not refuse!" This year, official offices were set up in seven states. King Qin served as the pastor of Yongzhou and appointed Xiao Yu as the governor of Yongzhou. Gaozu's edict was sent to Zhongshu Province but was not implemented immediately. Gaozu blamed them for procrastination. Xiao Yu said: "In the late Sui Dynasty, the edicts issued by the internal history were often inconsistent, and the officials in charge did not know which one to listen to.
Now that we have begun to establish a foundation, the order is related to the safety of the country. When we receive an edict, we must review it repeatedly to make sure that it does not conflict with the previous edict before it can be issued. This is the reason why the edict is temporarily retained.
Gaozu said: "That's the case, what should I worry about? "At the beginning, Xiao Yu's fields and houses in the pass were all handed over to Emperor Gaozu and rewarded to the meritorious officials. Now, they are all returned to him. He gave them all to the tribe, leaving only the ancestral hall to worship the ancestors.
The early days of Zhenguan In 2001, Taizong asked him: "I want to protect my country forever, what should I do? "Xiao Yu said: "The way that the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties could maintain the world for a long time was to enfeoff the princes as vassal states to protect the center. The Qin Dynasty established prefectures and counties, but they perished in two generations.
The Han Dynasty conferred the title of princes on its relatives and heroes, and the country's fortunes lasted four hundred years. The Cao, Wei and Jin dynasties abolished the feudal system and perished before turning around.
This is the significant effect of the enfeoffment system. "Taizong adopted this opinion and began to discuss the enfeoffment of the princes and governors.
Xiao Yu was smart and eloquent in discussing government affairs, but he could not tolerate the shortcomings of others. Sometimes he was deliberately sophistical and had different views, but he was always strict in his laws and had a good relationship with others. Xuanling, Wei Zheng, and Wen Yanbo were unable to refute, and most of his opinions were not accepted, and they were indignant. It happened that Fang Xuanling and others made small mistakes, so Xiao Yu tried his best to impeach them, but Taizong ignored them, so instead. He caused losses to himself and was demoted to the title of Prince Shaofu. Later, he was granted the vacant title of Tejin and then appointed as Taichang Qing.
Later, in the ninth year of Zhenguan (635), he was transferred back to the imperial court to participate. Political affairs.
Taizong once said: "In the last years of Wude, the Supreme Emperor had the idea of ??abolishing the title of Jiancheng and establishing a crown prince, but I had meritorious officials who could not be rewarded. Jiancheng and Yuanji could not tolerate me, so Xiao Yu ignored it at that time. Their inducements and threats are really a minister who has no concern for the security of the country. So he wrote a poem and gave it to him, saying: "The strong wind knows the strong grass, and the turbulent version knows the honest minister."
Then he said to Xiao Yu: "You are unswerving and upright. Even the ancients could not surpass you. However, you distinguish good from evil too clearly, and sometimes you lose your sense of proportion." " At the time of his death, he was seventy-four years old.
The will ordered that he should be buried in a single layer of clothes and not choose a date for burial. The imperial edict posthumously recognized him as Sikong and the governor of Jingzhou, and he was buried in the Zhaoling tomb that Taizong had prepared for himself.