(2) On a frosty night, Jiang Feng sleeps. In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship. Zhang Ji, named Sun Yi, is from Xiangzhou. His life is unknown. According to the records of various factions, it is only known that he was a scholar in the twelfth year of Tianbao (AD 753). During the Dali period, Yuan Wailang, the founder of the school, was the judge of Hongzhou Salt and Iron Bureau. Liu Changqing has a poem "Crying for Bird's Foreign Succession", and notes: "The husband's wife is not in Hongzhou." Around the end of the Dali period. His friends, besides Liu Changqing, are Huangfu Ran, Dou Shuxiang, Zhang Bayuan and Gu Kuang, all poets. Gao Zhongwu edited Miracle in ZTE, and selected 132 poems of 26 poets from the first year of Germany to the end of Dali, including 3 poems by Zhang Jishi. Gao Zhongwu commented on the cloud: "I'm tired of pronouns. I'm used to bows and fur." It's for writing, not for carving. And Erdene, then the hair is. Poetry is refreshing, and there is wind in the road. For example,' women stop farming in the city and waste farming in Wenyang' can be described as practical. And' the fire is still hot, and the wind shakes the sea' is deeper than Xing. " Judging from the comments, his family has been poets for generations, and now it is impossible to know whose descendant he is. His poems are found in the whole Tang Dynasty, with only over 40 poems, which are mixed with other people's poems. However, Ye Mengde, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once said: "There are more than 30 poems by Zhang Jishi, and there is more than one at home." (Shilin Shihua) It can be seen that there are only more than 30 poems left in the Southern Song Dynasty. Among the poets in the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Ji is not a master, and I am afraid he is not famous. "Collection of Tang Poems" listed his seven-character quatrains in the first level of "accepting martial arts". If this song "a night-mooring near maple bridge" hadn't been handed down, we might have forgotten his name today. This poem, entitled "Sleeping at night in Songjiang", was selected for the first time in Zhongxing Gas Collection. After that, all the selected songs of the past dynasties were included in this poem until 300 Tang Poems, which made this poem one of the 300 famous Tang Poems and was widely read. From the existing poems of Zhang Jishi, we can know that he has been to Yanzhou, and there is a poem named "Fishing Terrace in Yanling". I have been to Huiji, with poems such as Huiji County Building Yukime and Huiji Autumn Night. I have also been to Suzhou, including Lingyan, and Changmen is near the night parking maple bridge related to this poem. About the time when the poet roamed wuyue, he took a boat and stopped at a dock on Wujiang River outside Suzhou for the night. The downstream of Wujiang is called Songjiang, so it has been collectively called Wu Songjiang. This section that flows through Shanghai is now called Suzhou River. Frosty Night, the first sentence explains the season. Frost can't be all over the sky, and the word "frost" should be understood as severe cold; Frost is the image language of extremely cold air. Crows are still crowing because they can't sleep because of the cold. The moon sets in the middle of the night. It must always be in the last quarter of late autumn or early winter. Passengers sleep on the boat, which is not a pleasant and comfortable sleep, but a kind of sleep with worries about travel. This night's sleep was accompanied by no one, only the maple trees by the river and the fire of night fishing were facing the travelers. This sentence is not difficult to understand, but it personifies the words Jiang Feng and Yu Huo. Sleeping with anxiety is sleeping with anxiety. Later generations, some people who don't understand poetry doubted how Jiang Feng could fish and sleep, so they attached a sentence saying that sleep is the name of the mountain opposite Hanshan Temple. Until modern times, some people quoted this sentence, saying that this poem is a big fallacy. Then the poet said that under such circumstances, it is not easy for tourists to fall asleep, let alone hear the bells of Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou. This poem is a general landscape poem, which has no comparative significance and readers can't study it in depth. But in the Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu read this poem and asked a question. He said in "Poems on June 1st": "There is a cloud in the Tang Dynasty: Gusu went down to Hanshan Temple, and the bell rang to the passenger ship at midnight. The speaker also said: the sentence is good, and it is like the third night, not when the clock strikes. " He thinks it is midnight, not the time to ring the bell, so the poem is well written, but it is not realistic. His quotation was mistaken for "outside the city" as "under the stage" and "midnight" as "midnight". I don't know if it's a memory error or if I saw another paragraph. Many people disagree with Ouyang Xiu's question. Wang Zhifang Shi Hua quoted a poem by Gu Yu: "Be sure not to enter the palace to accompany you, and listen to Weishan at midnight." Bai Juyi's poem: "Under the pine shadow in the new autumn, after the midnight bell." Fu Zhai Man Lu quotes Huang Furan's poem: "Autumn is near the moon, and the mountain clock is separated from midnight." Cai's poem "Guang Lin Collection" also quotes Wen's poem: "Wandering around often looks back, and there is no window at night." This is the midnight bell heard by poets in the Tang Dynasty. Fan Yuanshi's "Eye of Poetry" also found the allusion of midnight bell from "Southern History". Shi Lin Shi Hua proves that Suzhou Buddhist temple still rang the bell at midnight in the Southern Song Dynasty. In this way, the problem was finally solved, and Ouyang Xiu was regarded as a rare man by the masses. Hanshan Temple was originally just a small temple outside Suzhou. Since Zhang Ji's poem spread, it has become a scenic spot. In the Northern Song Dynasty, good-hearted philanthropists donated money to repair it. There is a record in Zhu's "Continuing Wu Jun's Picturesque": Fumyoji is located in West Shili Fengqiao, Wu County. The name is far away, Du Mushi has tasted it, and Zhang has a night stop. Sun Chenghua tried to build a tower here to welcome the elders and monks and celebrate the arrival of the abbot for forty or fifty years. Fully decorated, facing the mountains and water, you can swim. Old or mistaken for Guan Qiao, today the Prime Minister Wang Ju Wu Men, Zhang Jiyi alone stone, the word Feng Zheng. Accordingly, Hanshan Temple was Puming Temple in Song Dynasty. Anyone who calls it a "Buddhist temple" is still called a temple according to people's habits. That should be Fumyoji. However, Ye Mengde said, "In Hanshan Temple outside Gusu, the midnight bell will ring for passenger ships. The title of this Zhang Tang Collection is Poetry of Qiao Feng Temple in the West of the City (Stone Forest and Stone Flower). The name of Qiao Feng Temple appears here again. Probably Hanshan Temple and Qiao Feng Temple are common names, while Fumo Temple is a proper name. However, due to the great influence of Zhang Ji's poem, most people only know Hanshan Temple since the Tang Dynasty. Qiao Feng in the Northern Song Dynasty was mistaken for a bridge closure. Wang was the prime minister of Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty. In six years, Yuanfeng became lord protector. He lived in Suzhou after the strike, wrote this poem and carved it on a stone tablet, so he corrected the mistake of sealing words. Therefore, the title of his poem is "a night-mooring near maple bridge", not "Sleeping in Songjiang". We still have questions about this poem and its title. If Zhang Ji's boat is moored under the maple bridge outside Hanshan Temple, then the midnight bell he heard must come from the temple on the shore. Why does his poem say "Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City" and this clock is "for" passenger ships? I thought this poem was selected for "Zhongxing Qiji" with the title "Sleeping in Songjiang at night", which was Zhang Ji's original title. His ship is not anchored under Hanshan Temple or Fengqiao Bridge. But in Songjiang, it is far from Hanshan Temple and Qiao Feng. In this way, the third and fourth poems fit the situation. The poem "a night-mooring near maple bridge" seems to have been revised by Song people. "All Tang Poems" bet on this poem: "Fengjiang stays overnight." Maybe this section of Wujiang is also called Fengjiang. Later generations did not know that it was changed to Qiao Feng. From "staying overnight in Fengjiang" to "staying overnight near Fengqiao". Wang Jue's "a night-mooring near maple bridge Monument" has no rubbings. I wonder if there are similarities and differences in words. This poem was mentioned in Gong Ming's work Story of the Wu Dynasty in the Southern Song Dynasty, but the second sentence is "fishing and sleeping in Jiangcun". By the Ming Dynasty, the inscription written by Wang Jue might have been lost, so Wen Zhiming, a Suzhou calligrapher, wrote another piece and carved it on a stone. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the tablet was already blurred, so the scholar Yu Yue (Qu Yuan) wrote and carved another poem tablet. In front of this monument in Qu Yuan, Zhang Jishi's poems are written, followed by three lines of postscript. Hanshan Temple Old Text was written by a night-mooring near maple bridge in Tang Zhangji, which has a long history. In the afternoon of Guangxu, Zhongxin Bridge Zhongcheng built several new trees in the temple to supplement books and carve stones. Yu Yue. There are also eight lines engraved on the inscription, saying: Tang Zhangji's Poem of Sleeping at Night by the Maple Bridge is well known, but the second sentence "Jiang Feng Fishing for Fire" is quite suspicious. Song Gongming's Story of the Wu Dynasty is called "Fishing in the River Village", which is a treasure in the hometown of Song people. This poem was written by Duke Xi of Song Dynasty, and now it is out of sight. The books to be written in plain text are also rambling, and the words under the river are also unclear. Shi Heihao in Shinohara is a supplementary book, which is indispensable to me from now on, but it is an ancient book in Jiangcun. Because I wrote a poem with an inscription, I told the viewer that the old ink of Ci Gong had not existed for a long time, and the remains I wrote could not be inquired. Fortunately, Wu Ji heard that the word "daughter" is Jiangcun. Yu Yue wrote this poem when Yu Quyuan questioned the original poem. In the Bingwu year of Guangxu (A.D. 1906), Zhong Cheng of Xinqiao was the governor of Jiangsu Province. He also wrote an inscription engraved on the side of the monument. There are many similarities and differences between Zhang and his poems handed down from ancient times. In the title, the maple bridge is always blocked by mistake. The "Continuation of Wu Jun Tu Jing" has been revised according to the book of Gui Wangfu. Fishing in the poem, or mistaken for the fisherman, is the basis of Yongzheng's "All Tang Poems" series. But note that "or making a fire" is not based on the father. Wu Wenji's poem "Fishing in the River Village" is an old book in the Song Dynasty, which can be used as a basis. Master Qu Yuan wrote a poem to prove it, and now the poem has been decided. Guangxu Bingwu, moved to Sanwu, occasionally visited this temple, sighing that it was deserted, because a poem was carved and a poem was written by Quyuan, which was read for the world. Guiyang Chen. A seven-character quatrain in the Tang Dynasty, copied from generation to generation, absurd and heretical, has produced many entanglements. Although Yu Quyuan said that the word "daughter" was Jiangcun, he wrote Jiangfeng himself, so his manuscript, as Chen Xiao said, was finalized. Hanshan Temple has become a famous scenic spot in Suzhou because of Zhang Ji's poems, and Yu Quyuan's calligraphy is valued by the contemporary world. Moreover, Yu Quyuan died in that year1February. This poem tablet is cherished by Chinese and foreign people, and its rubbings are widely spread. When Japanese tourists come to China, they must go to Hanshan Temple for sightseeing and buy a poem rubbings written by Qu Yuan as a souvenir. However, there are only three lines of poems and postscript on the tablet, and the inscription on the tablet and the words on the side of the tablet have not been extended, so I want to make a record here to preserve this Tang Shiyi dialect. 1936, Wu Hufan, a famous Suzhou painter, asked Zhang Puquan, a poet, to write the "a night-mooring near maple bridge" tablet. The name of Zhang Pu Spring is also the successor. Ask the modern poet Zhang Ji to write a poem by the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ji, adding a much-told story to the Tang poetry. From then on, Yu Quyuan's poem tablet and Zhang Puchun's poem tablet were juxtaposed in the temple. I heard that Kang Youwei also wrote this poem, and there are woodcuts in the temple, which I have never seen before. 1939 During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the traitor Liang Hongzhi set up a pseudo-"reform government" in Nanking. At that time, Asahi Shimbun in Osaka, Japan, was going to hold the Great East Asia Expo, and wanted to transport Hanshan Temple poetry tablets in this name. What the Japanese want, of course, is the article written by Yu Quyuan. The traitors did not dare to offend the people, and sent the original works to flatter them. They asked Qian Rongchu, a stonemason in Suzhou, to copy them as they were. Exquisite carving is enough to confuse the real with the fake. And then somehow. This replica was not shipped to Japan, but stayed in Nanjing, and it has been planted in Xu Yuan since then. A seven-character quatrain has been loved and valued by people at home and abroad for centuries. This also makes an abandoned temple a historical attraction. This is the unique glory of night parking near Fengqiao. 1August 984 15
[Attached page] I recently read Zheng's Trivia of Wen Yuan, which records the inscription of Zhang Pu in spring, which can make up for the lack of details in this article, so I extract it here: I think that the inscription written by Yu Quyuan has been lost, so I think that Zhang Pu Spring is also famous, so I'd better ask him to fill a stone. But Wu Hufan didn't know about Zhang Puchun, so he asked Top for a lift. Soon, Wu saw Zhang Gong's death and hated it. It was too late. Unexpectedly, a few days later, Pu Yicheng was sent by Zhang Gong with a letter saying, "This was written the day before Zhang Gong died." The lake sail was mixed with sorrow and joy, that is, Huang Huaijue was instructed to choose stone carvings to stand in the temple. After Zhang Gong wrote this poem, he also wrote a postscript, which is recorded here today: Su Yu longed for Hanshan Temple, a scenic spot, and often went to Wumen for many years, but he hasn't been there yet. Mr Fan Hu, like the poets who wrote a night-mooring near maple bridge in the Tang Dynasty, asked for a book to engrave this poem. However, what Yu Ming really values is eternal meaning, not attacking poets in vain. In December of the 36th year of the Republic of China, Zhangji, Zhangzhou. In addition, I recently saw another kind of notes of Song people, in which the poem written by Wang Jue was in mourning, so it was not signed. Today, the inscriptions written by Wang Jue are no longer visible. I wonder if this is true. Yu Yue died that year after writing this poem. Zhang Puquan died after he wrote this poem. These three things are coincidences. In the eyes of superstitious people, it is unlucky to fear the memorial tablet of Hanshan Temple. Attached here for reference. 1June 5, 985