Attraction Introduction Yunmen Temple, located in Keyan Scenic Area, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, originated from Yunmen Wenyan.
Wen Yan (864-949), whose common surname was Zhang, was from Jiaxing (now Zhejiang).
After becoming a monk, he studied in various places.
At first he visited Muzhou Road, and later he visited Yicun and was awarded the seal.
After Huineng, the sixth ancestor of Zen Buddhism, passed away, his disciples included Huairang of Nanyue in Hunan and Xingsi of Qingyuan of Jiangxi.
By the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the Nanyue lineage formed Weiyang and Linji sects, and the Qingyuan lineage divided into Caodong, Yunmen, and Fayan sects, collectively known as the Five Zen Schools.
The inheritance of Yunmen Sect is: Qingyuan Mountain Traveling Thoughts - Tao Wu - Chong Xin - Xuan Jian - Yicun - Wen Yan.
After Wen Yan received his seal of approval at Xuefeng Guangfu Temple in Xianggu Mountain, Fuzhou, he came to Yunmen Mountain in Shaozhou, restored the dilapidated Guangtai Zen Temple, and created a unique Yunmen Zen sect. wind.
His preaching method is unique and is called "Three Sentences of Cloud Gate".
"By understanding these three sentences, you can enter the Tao.
Yunmen Temple is located in the north of Ruyuan County, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 50 kilometers away from Shaoguan City.
Yunmen Temple was built in the first year of Tongguang in the Later Tang Dynasty (923 AD). It is the birthplace of Yunmen Sect founded by Zen Master Wen Yan, one of the five branches of Zen Buddhism.
By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the temple was almost deserted.
In the winter of 1943, the famous monk Xuyun, who had just completed the reconstruction of Nanhua Temple, went to Yunmen Temple to preside over the reconstruction of the temple.
It took nine years to build a palace with 180 couplets and more than 80 new statues, revitalizing the Yunmen sect.
In 1983, Yunmen Temple and Nanhua Temple were designated as national key temples at the same time.
Since Yunmen Temple was severely damaged during the Cultural Revolution, in 1984, with the support of the Communist Party and the funding of believers at home and abroad, large-scale reconstruction work was carried out on Yunmen Temple again.
The main buildings of the restored Yunmen Temple are the Tianwang Hall, the Main Hall, the Dharma Hall, the Sutra Collection Hall, the Guest Hall, the Bell Tower, the Gongde Hall, the Drum Tower, the Jialan Hall, the Life Extension Hall, the Patriarch Hall, and the Zen Hall. There is also a new building Monk Xuyun's memorial hall, stupa, mountain gate, Buddhist scripture circulation area, pavilion, etc., have Buddha statues in the hall. Among them, the two standing and one reclining Buddha statues in front of the Sakyamuni statue in the Mahavira Hall are carved from pure Burmese white marble; The large colored porcelain Buddha face inlaid on the four walls shows the eighteen arhats at the bottom and the twenty-four gods on the top. This is very rare in Buddhist temples in China.
Yunmen Dajue Temple has undergone renovation and reconstruction of more than 2,600 square meters, and newly built more than 9,800 square meters.
The reconstructed Yunmen Temple covers an area of ??12,000 square meters, with a construction area of ??more than 7,000 meters, and has unique styles of doors, halls, halls, halls, and buildings.
The temple has a Buddhist academy, which has trained batches of high-quality talents for the cause of Buddhism.
There are Xuyun Memorial Hall and Relic Pagoda in Yunmen Temple.
The back mountain is the famous Osmanthus Lake Scenic Area. On the cliff of tens of meters, waterfalls plunge into the deep pool. The hillsides around the pool are covered with osmanthus trees. In August and September, the mountains and valleys are filled with osmanthus trees. The fragrance of osmanthus is intoxicating.
The newly built stone monument in Yunmen Dajue Temple is 12 meters high.
On the inner wall of the mountain gate, there are important stone steles such as the famous "Stele of the Reality of Master Kuangzhen of Yunmen Guangtai Chanyuan in Yunmen, Shaozhou, Han Dynasty" from the first year of Dabao of the Southern Han Dynasty (958), which are precious cultural relics of Buddhism.
Half a mile away from the temple, there is the Haihui Pagoda, surrounded by dozens of palaces and houses, which can accommodate hundreds of people. It is now a place for women to study.
Monk Xuyun’s memorial hall and relic pagoda were newly built in the back mountain. The forest and spring are secluded and can be used for monks to retreat and read scriptures.
In front of the temple, there are Guanyin Mountain and Osmanthus Lake Scenic Area, including Osmanthus Chao, Chumi Stone, Jiuxian Rock, Mercy Peak, Tiedgu Mountain and other scenic spots, with flowing springs and waterfalls, rugged mountains and rocks, and the fragrance of osmanthus. , the scenery is beautiful.
[Edit this paragraph] The Buddhist culture of Yunmen Temple, a thousand-year-old temple in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, dates back to the year when Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty built Ningzhong (168-172). The spread of Buddhism started in the Three Kingdoms and Western Jin Dynasty, and then continued from the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties for nearly two thousand years. Pingshui once became the center for the spread of Buddhism in eastern Zhejiang.
Here, ancient temples are gathered like a forest, sects and ancestral courts compete to establish grand sects, eminent monks appear from generation to generation, emperors and generals constantly reward gifts and gifts, and poets and celebrities sing countless poems.
The profound Buddhist culture has become an important part of Pingshui’s traditional culture.
Yunmen calligraphy resort has always been valued by literati, and it is one of the most scenic spots in Yuezhong.
People in the Tang Dynasty have a saying: "Thousands of clouds can be seen across the mountains."
The green peaks in front of the temple stand like a screen.
Autumn is as bright as a thousand layers of mattress embroidery.
Ruoye River passes around the gate; Qinwang Mountain is on the back.
Keywords: Shaoxing Yunmen Temple, Pingshui Yunmen Temple, Shaoxing Pingshui Yunmen Temple, Pingjiang Yunmen Temple, Kuaiji Yunmen Temple, Yuezhou Yunmen Temple, Zhejiang Yunmen Temple, Zhiyong, Biancai , Wuyun Bridge, Wuyun Mountain, Qinwang Mountain, Kuaiji Stone Carvings, Wang Xianzhi, Lanting Preface, Lanting Collection Preface, Lu You, Wang Xizhi, Tang Taizong, Li Shimin, Shaoxing, Shaoxing Scenic Area, Shaoxing Tourism, Shaoxing Buddhism, Yunmen Temple, Shaoxing Temples, calligraphy, [Edit this paragraph] Introduction to temple history Yunmen Zen Temple is located in a narrow valley at the foot of Qinwang Mountain in Silitou Village, Pingshui Town, fifteen kilometers south of Shaoxing. This is an ancient temple with a long history of thousands of years.
To the east is Pingshui Town, and to the south are Ruoye Creek, Pingjiang Reservoir, Pingyang Temple, etc.
To the north is Qinwang Mountain (famous because Qin Shihuang once climbed this mountain). Yunmen Temple is surrounded by green mountains on three sides and is located in a narrow canyon about two miles long. It is located in the southern mountainous area of ??Shaoxing. It has a quiet and elegant atmosphere. It is a quiet and refined Buddhist resort with pleasant climate, mountains, rivers and beautiful forests and springs.
Yunmen Temple was built in the third year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 407).
It has a history of more than 1,700 years during the Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China. It can be said to be one of the oldest ancient temples in China.
According to historical records: Wang Xianzhi, the great calligrapher of the Jin Dynasty, once lived in seclusion here. Yunmen Temple was originally the old residence of Zhongshu Ling Wang Xianzhi (the seventh son of Wang Xizhi). It is said that Wang Xianzhi once used his residence as a temple.
One night in the third year of Emperor An's Yixi reign (407), Wang Xianzhi suddenly appeared on the roof of his house at the foot of Qinwang Mountain with colorful auspicious clouds. Wang Xianzhi's old residence was rebuilt into "Yunmen Temple", and the stone bridge in front of the gate was renamed "Wuyun Bridge". The eminent monk Bo Daoyou lived there, and Zhu Fakuang and Zhu Daoyi successively recruited him.
"Yunmen Temple Notes" compiled by Yuan Yu in the 16th volume of "Kaiji Chronicles" written by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty says: "The old residence of Wang Xian was written in the temple book."
Yunmen Temple is also the most famous calligraphy resort in Shaoxing besides Orchid Pavilion. Many celebrities and anecdotes in the history of Chinese calligraphy are related to it.
The predecessor of Yunmen Temple was Wang Xianzhi's old residence, and it is said that it was the place where Wang Xianzhi lived in seclusion and practiced calligraphy.
The original copy of "Lanting Tie" by Wang Xizhi, "the best running script in the world", has also been preserved in Yunmen Temple for a long time.
The seventh generation grandson of Wang Xizhi, Zen Master Zhiyong of Nanchao, stayed in the temple to write calligraphy for 30 years, leaving behind the iron threshold, pen tomb and his nephew Huixin who became a monk here. Both uncle and nephew are masters of calligraphy. , was highly praised by Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty. Because of the monks Zhiyong and Huixin of the temple (both of whom were named after the book), Yunmen Temple was once changed to "Yongxin Temple".
According to legend, Wang Xi’s tomb is nearby. In the past, when Zhiyong and the monk Huixin moved to Yunmen, they could visit the tomb nearby.
Zhiyong had two apprentices, Zhiguo and Biancai, both of whom were his calligraphy successors.
The green fruit of wisdom is better than blue. Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty once said to Zhiyong: "The monk (referring to Zhiyong) gets the flesh of the right army, and the fruit of wisdom gets the bones of the right army.
"At that time, there were many people asking for books, and there was a household limit for them.
After Zhiyong's death, the original "Lanting Tie", the Wang family's heirloom, was collected by Bencai. However, it was stolen from Yunmen Temple by Xiao Yi, the censor sent by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.
In March of the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (675), Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Bo, the leader of the Four Great Masters of the early Tang Dynasty, presided over a ritual ceremony at Yunmen Temple that imitated Wang Xizhi’s Lanting Collection, and also imitated the Preface to the Lanting Collection. "Written a "Preface to the Preface to the Wedding Day", in which the scene description part reads: "In late spring in March, the work of repairing the bad day was done in the mountain pavilion of Xianzhi.
The scenery appears and disappears, charming in the suburbs.
Fairy clouds grow far and near in the thin forest.
Weeds are about to grow, but the peach stream is not stopped.
There are still warblers flying in the valley.
The spring grass of Wangsun is green everywhere.
Every house in Zhongtong Garden is green.
"In Yunmen Temple, there are many original ones like the above. Personnel-related buildings and facilities, such as Xianzhishan Pavilion, Xianzhibi Cang, Zhiyong Iron Threshold, Zhiyong Tubi Tomb, Biancai Pagoda, and Yunmen Thatched Cottage where Lu You studied when he was young, etc. Unfortunately, they have long since disappeared. Along with the collapse of the entire ancient temple, it turned into a historical monument.
In the Tang Dynasty, eminent monks gathered in Yunmen Temple.
During the reign of Emperor Jianzhong (780-783), the eminent monk Lingche wrote twenty-seven volumes of "Yinyuan of the Vinaya" at Yunmen Temple. Huineng, the sixth ancestor of Zen Buddhism, preached in Caoxi, and the eminent monk Shanxian was the abbot of Yunmen Temple. Things.
During the Huichang period of the Tang Dynasty (841-846), Yunmen Temple was destroyed by the Huichang disaster. At that time, only a small hall facing the south was left intact, which was converted into a temple, namely Guangxiao Temple.
In the sixth year of Dazhong reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 852), Li Baozou, the observation envoy, rebuilt it.
However, instead of restoring the old site, it was named Dazhong Zhengmi Temple.
Later, a confession hall was built in the west of the temple, named Jingming Temple.
In the sixth year of Qiande (968 AD), Taizu of the Song Dynasty, part of it (Xianshengyuan) was renamed Yunmen Temple.
In the third year of Yongxi reign of Song Dynasty (986), it was named Yongxi Courtyard.
In the fifth year of Chunhua (994 AD) of Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty, "Zhengmi Temple" was changed to "Chunhua Temple".
In the second year of Xiande of the Later Zhou Dynasty (955), a Sutra Reading Academy was built in front of the Shibi Peak of Zhengmi Temple.
In the second year of Song Dynasty (996), it was renamed Xianshengyuan.
Qi’an, the old residence of the old Yunmen Temple, was also named Shousheng Temple in the second year of Xining (1069).
At that time, Yunmen Temple had split into four.
In the 14th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1144), Emperor Gaozong inscribed the title "Temple of Chuanzhong Guangxiao" for Guangxiao Temple in Yunmen, and in the middle he also wrote in small words: "Temple of Chuanzhong Guangxiao".
In front of Guangxiao Temple, there is a monument written by Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty "Passing Loyalty to the Temple of Guangxiao" on the forehead. The monument is more than ten feet high.
There is an Amitabha Dojo in the temple, and the monk Yuan Zhao has a book on his forehead.
(There is also a theory that "Duzong Duzong of the Southern Song Dynasty changed its name to "Chuanzhong Guangxiao Temple" during the Xianchun period (1266-1274).
) The temple was later abandoned.
In the third year of Emperor Xizong's reign in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1623), monk Fukun and his descendants raised funds to rebuild the old site, and monk Xuejiao was appointed abbot.
The old name of Yunmen Temple was restored. It has been used to this day.
In the 11th year of Chongzhen (1638), Hongli, an eminent monk from Kuaiji, lived in Yunmen Temple. He practiced slash-and-burn farming in an ancient style and wrote 30 volumes of quotations. > Yunmen Temple was called Caodong Zhongxing Dojo in the late Ming Dynasty.
Since Zhanran (Yuancheng), the Yunmen clan has become quite powerful and rivals the Tiantong clan of Linji Sect.
At that time, the Dharma seats of Guangxiao Temple and Xiansheng Temple in Yunmen were greatly popularized in the south of the Yangtze River.
In the early Qing Dynasty, Pingshui Buddhism entered into high-level theoretical research, and eminent monks and famous monks emerged one after another, including Zhan Ran. Chushiyu (Mingfang), Sanyi (Mingyu), Ruibai (Mingxue).
At that time, the successors of Yunmen Xiansheng Temple were all famous master craftsmen. The far gate Jingzhu under the Mingfang Gate was in the middle of the Jingfu. The Langting Jingting, Xidun Jingchao and Mingxue under the Mingmen Gate were Baiyu Jingjuan and others under his sect are all famous Zen dwellers and have famous sayings and practices.
From 1586 to 1676, the Linji sect stayed with the eminent Zen monk Dao Bin. He was ordered to build Pingyang Temple and build a pavilion with seven couplets. The entire Lotus Sutra is a Buddhist treasure.
In the 17th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1661), five hundred taels of silver were granted to rebuild the Yunmen Temple Pagoda.
Later destroyed.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were still Buddha statues and religious activities in the temple.
After the Revolution of 1911, Pingshui Buddhist temples went from bad to worse.
During the Anti-Japanese War, Pingshui Temple was ravaged by Japanese invaders, and the temple was destroyed and the monks dispersed.
After liberation, some temples were destroyed, and Yunmen Temple fell into disrepair for a long time and was lost in the wilderness.
The Buddha statues were destroyed and the temple buildings were used for other purposes.
Some of the temples and inscriptions of Guangxiao Temple still exist today.
After 1986, local religious believers raised funds to rebuild, reshape the Buddha statues, and resume religious activities.
There is still a stele in the temple that was used to raise money for the construction of Yunmen Temple in the Ming Dynasty. Up to now, part of Yunmen Temple is still preserved in Pingshui.
The scale of Yunmen Temple in history is unusual.
Yunmen Temple was very lively in its heyday. Lu You wrote in "Yunmen Shousheng Yuan Ji": "Yunmen Temple has been famous all over the world since the Jin and Tang Dynasties.
The old man said that in the old days, there were mountains and streams, towers and towers, rocks and ravines, and gold and green flying around. Those who lived there forgot their old age, and those who lived there forgot to return home.
Visitors spend many days and nights, often getting lost.
Although people in the temple cannot meet each other (dí) for ten months or more.
"From this we can see the grand occasion of that year.
According to the records in the "Kangxi Kuaiji County Chronicle" and the map of Yunmen Temple, it can be seen that the first thing you see after entering the canyon is There is a stone archway with "Yunmen Ancient Temple" written on it, then the Biancai Pagoda, the "Zhuoli Yunmen" stone archway, Xuejiao Pagoda, Wuyunshan Pavilion, Huozhe Pagoda, and then walk across the Wuyun Bridge to reach the mountain gate of Yunmen Temple. In front, there is a maple forest in front of the temple. From the picture, we can see that Yunmen Temple at that time had as many as five entrances, including main halls such as the Shanmen, Tianwang Hall, Daxiong Hall, Dharma Hall, and Zen Hall.
There are two rows of long wing rooms on both sides of the temple.
Surrounding the temple are Iron Gate, Xifeng Pavilion Tomb, Prince Jingbi Zhuo, and Prince Jingshan Pavilion (the book says: In March of the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (675), Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, the writer Wang Bo, one of the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty", presided over a "cloning" at Prince Jingshan Pavilion of Yunmen Temple.
), Xiyanchi, Bairu Pavilion, Wuyun Mountain, etc.
In addition to the main temple, Yunmen Temple also has a "Sutra-Keeping Temple". (There are also "Jingjing Yuan", "Shao Shi Yuan (Confession Hall)", "Xiansheng Yuan" (the site of Yunmen Xiansheng Temple is in front of Yuji Mountain in the southeast of Shaoxing City today.
In the second year of Xiande in the later Zhou Dynasty (955), monk Chongyao raised money to build it in front of the Shibi Peak of Zhengmi Temple.
It was first named Xiansheng Yuan (Yunmen Kansuo Yuan).
In the second year of Zhidao in the Song Dynasty. (996) In September, the imperial edict was given to the construction of the Xiansheng Temple.
There was a pavilion built by the prince behind the courtyard.
In the Yuan Dynasty, the temple was destroyed.
In the 22nd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1594), the great scholar Zhang Junyuan and others invited Zen Master Yuan Cheng (Zhan Ran) to rebuild the temple in front of Yuji Mountain and opened the Fayunmen Xiansheng Temple.
The whole temple was prosperous. It was built next to the mountain, covering an area of ??13,300 square meters, and built more than 200 temples and buildings.
In the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), there were more than 200 monks.
Some of the temple buildings were burned by the Japanese invaders.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1934, the abbot, Yuan Xiang, struggled to revive his old outlook.
In 1949, there were 22 monks. .
In 1951, the temple buildings were abandoned and converted into residential buildings.
There is a Ligu Pavilion outside the door, with poems written by Tang Xian engraved on it.
There is a Bencai Pagoda in front of the temple.
There is a Bencai Xiang Pavilion inside the temple. , Biancai, a disciple of Zen Master Zhiyong, once lived here.
It is said that Biancai dug a dark threshold in Yunmen Temple and placed the original manuscript of Youjun Lanting on the beam, and Xiao Yi, the imperial censor of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, took it out.
), Guangfuyuan (old residence of Qian), Yakushiyuan and other subsidiary temples. Later, the main temple gradually declined and the subsidiary temples were established as separate temples, such as Xiansheng Temple, Yongxi Temple, Shousheng Temple wait.
At that time, these main separate temples and Yunmen Temple itself were locally known as "one mountain and four temples", "one master and four auxiliary temples", or "one temple and four temples". ".
However, in the minds of local believers, these temples are usually regarded as Yunmen Temple.
In addition, there are many temples and nunneries not far away.
"Cloud Gate" is just a general term.
By the Song Dynasty, Yunmen was divided into six temples: Guangxiao, Xiansheng, Yongxi, Puji, Mingjue and Yunmen.
Volume 16 of "Kuiji Zhi" written by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty: "Today there are six temples in Yunmen: Guangxiao, where the Enyu masters live; the nunnery is called Guangfu; the sutra academy is called Xiansheng; Menxing repentance The temple was called Yongxi in the early days; it was called Puji in the west; and it was called Mingjue in the south. Each has its own resort.
"This shows the grand occasion at that time.
Yunmen Temple once occupied an important position in the history of Chinese Buddhism. .
All the successive abbots were famous monks at that time. For example, the first abbot, Bo Daoyou (yóu), was a famous monk of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Subsequently, there were Fa Kuang, Zhu Daoyi (1), Zhidun, Tan Yi, Hongming, Hongyu, Zhiyong, Zhiguo, Yuanxin, Zhanran, Chongyao, Jingting, and Biancai. , Yunruo, Gu Deli, Wangmen, etc. are all eminent monks of the generation, especially Zhidun and Tanyi. The former created the theory of "i.e. color and emptiness", and the latter created the theory of "Huan Hua Sect".
They have had a great influence on the development of Chinese Buddhism, among which the Bencai Xiangge is the most popular among literati.
Biancai was a lawyer of Yunmen Temple and the proud disciple of Sun Zhiyong, the seventh generation of Wang Xizhi. The Xiang Pavilion where he lived during his lifetime was of course also valued by future generations.
The name of Xiang Pavilion seems to come from the unique heavenly fragrance of Yunmen.
Song Zhiwen's "Suyunmen Temple" said: "The fragrance of the sky is full of people.
" Sun Miao's "Reward Wanbahe Jiuyunmen Xiaguixi Zhongzuo" said: "The fragrance of the sky is full of people. Return with sleeves.
"Meng Haoran's "Poetry of Traveling to Yunmen Temple" said: "Go to the Pavilion in Xiangjie to rest.
"Sun Miao's "Su Yunmen Temple Pavilion" said: "Xiang Pavilion. At the foot of Dongshan Mountain, the fireworks are like a quiet place outside." Sun Miao should consider psychologically if he did not live in Yandong Courtyard but in Xiangge Courtyard.
(According to the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, Li Bao, an observer of eastern Zhejiang Province, went to Yunmen and lived in Xiangge Courtyard, and left the poem "Su Yunmen Xiangge Courtyard"). The "Lanting Preface" of that year was collected On the beam sill of this Xiang Pavilion, the poet should stay here to pay his respects.
The other "inn" should be Dongkeyuan, that is, Yandongyuan, the reception hall of Yunmen Temple.
Xiao Yi lived here when he was entrusted by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty to come to Yunmen to defraud "Lanting Preface".
Xiao Yi has a poem "Suyunmen East Guest House".
When the poet first came to Yunmen, he made friends with Biancai through this poem and won his favor.
Historically, Yunmen Temple also had connections with overseas Buddhist monks. For example, in the late Ming Dynasty, its abbot, Patriarch Shanmu (formerly known as Duan Langgong), went to Japan to promote the teachings for thirty years and served as a great service to China. Buddhist exchanges between Japan and Japan have established a good foundation for friendship.
Yunmen Temple was once famous in the history of our country, and emperors of all dynasties paid great homage to this temple.
Emperors such as Emperor An of Jin, Emperor Wu of Liang, Emperor Taizong of Tang, King Wu Yue, Song Taizu, Song Taizong, Song Gaozong, Qing Shunzhi, Kangxi, Qianlong and other emperors paid great attention to Yunmen Temple, either giving it names or erecting monuments. Build towers, or give various rewards, etc.
"After visiting the ten peaks, the road to Yunmen is as steep as a ladder.
The beauty gradually divides into Qinwang Mountains, and the cold sound still enters Ruoye Creek."
As a temple jungle with beautiful forests and springs and a quiet environment, Yunmen Temple has especially become the target of landscape tours by literati and refined scholars in the past dynasties.
Many famous poets, literati and Buddhist monks from past dynasties also came here to stay, visit and enjoy the place.
After the Jin Dynasty, many poets visited him.
For example, in the Six Dynasties and Song Dynasty, Xie Kangle and his younger brother Xie Huilian, known as Xie Xie, once went boating on the Ye River and exchanged poems at the Prince Jingshan Pavilion.
"Xie Lingyun and Hui Lian's couplets are carved on the side of the (Gutan) tree" (Volume 10 of "Jiatai Kuaiji Chronicles").
Although only two poems by Wang Ji, a poet of the Southern Dynasties, have survived, he also has an eternal quatrain about rafting on Yexi River: "The cicada-dry forest becomes quieter, and the bird-singing mountain becomes more secluded."
During the Liang Dynasty, He Yin once "lived in Yunmen Temple in Ruoye Mountain" (Volume 14 of Jiatai Kuaiji Chronicles).
Seng Hongyan once stopped here and wrote a famous poem "Yunmen Temple".
The romance of the Six Dynasties can be seen in general.
Tang Dynasty poets Meng Haoran, Bai Juyi, and Li Bai (Li Taibai loved to travel to famous mountains throughout his life. He visited Zhejiang four times and the rooftops three times. He left a large number of poems in Shaoxing. One of them wrote about Yunmen is "Yu". Look for the creek to enter the hole, and the cloud gate is deep across the ridge.").
, Du Fu (Du Fu never forgot his youth trip to Yuezhong, and when he wrote a poem to a friend's painting, he actually said: "The mountain monk looks like a boy, Ruoye River, Yunmen Temple, I am alone in the mud." "Drain, green shoes and stockings will start from now on".
, Cui Hao, Fang Qian (thousand), Lingche, Yan Wei, Qin Xi, Yuan Zhen (zhěn), Liu Changqing, Wei Yingwu, Xiao Yi, Wang Bo (at the beginning of the first year of Yongchun (692) Wang Bo, one of the Four Great Masters of the Tang Dynasty, led the poets from eastern Zhejiang to repair the pavilion of Prince Jingshan of Yunmen. He wrote the "Preface to the Repair of the Mountain Pavilion Xian of Yunmen".
Perhaps Wang Bo still had unfinished ideas, so he repaired the pavilion again in the autumn of the same year. After this, he wrote the "Preface to the Yuezhou Autumn Feast in the Mountain Pavilion", and then there was the Dali Zhedong Singing (Poet in 57)).
, Wang Wei, He Zhizhang, Yuan Weizhi, Bai Tianle, Liang Xiao, etc. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Yunmen was still valued by literati. Song Dynasty literary giants Fan Zhongyan, Lu You, Su Dongpo, Su Shunqin, Wang Anshi, etc. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was the youth reading place of Lu You, the great poet of the generation.
Lu You mentioned Yunmen in many poems and wrote Yunmen's "Shou Sheng Yuan Ji".
Xin Qiji once served as the governor of eastern Zhejiang and climbed Qinwang Mountain from behind Yunmen.
Write " ".
Liu Ji (Liu Bowen), the founding military advisor of the Ming Dynasty (Liu Bowen lived in Yunmen for many days in the Ming Dynasty and left a large number of poems.
"A Journey to Yunmen" and "From Yunfeng Shen" "The Record of Living in Qingyuan Tower in Puji", "The Record of Fapuji's Passing to Mingjue Temple and Residence in the Deep", "The Record of Living in the Jingshe Shen" and "The Source of Living Water" were written here).
, Xu Wei, Chen Hongshou (after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, ten people including Chen Hongshou and Qi Zhijia became monks in Yunmen Temple and formed the Shizi Society).
, Dong Qichang, Zhang Yuanhe (the number one scholar in the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Yuanhe, has five volumes of "Yunmen Zhilue".
), Liu Zongzhou and others passed through the beautiful Ruoye River and came to this Buddhist temple. A resort for altars and calligraphy, Yunmen Temple.
"Qian Qi, Du Fu, Sun Ti, Li Bao, Li Misun, Yu Ji, Jin Juan, Wang Siren, etc." and left many immortal poems and phrases praising Yunmen Temple.
The monks of Yunmen Temple built a forest of tablets in front of the temple and left behind the masterpieces of these great poets, which is called "Ligu Pavilion".
For example, "Preface to the Mountain Pavilion of Xiuyu (xì) Yunmen Xian" written by Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty, "Preface to the Poetry of Youyunmen Temple" written by Liang Xiao of the Tang Dynasty, and "Youyunmen Temple" written by Zhiwen of the Tang and Song Dynasties Temple", "A Journey to Yunmen from Taoshan" by Deng Mu of the Song Dynasty, "Records of the Shoushengyuan" by Lu You of the Song Dynasty, "Yunmen Collection" compiled by Yuan Yunruo, "Yunmen Guangxiao Temple" compiled by Yuan Yu, "You Yunmen Ji" by Liu Ji in the Ming Dynasty, "Yunmen Temple Ji" by Lu Menglong in the Ming Dynasty, etc.
During the Tang Dynasty, Yunmen Temple became the starting point of the Tang poetry in eastern Zhejiang. Du Fu's "Ruoye River Yunmen Temple, Green Shoes and Cloth Socks Started From Here".
It has become an eternal masterpiece.
According to preliminary statistics, there are more than 50 poems in "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" that directly refer to Yunmen, and there are countless poets who visited Yunmen in the Tang Dynasty.
Yunmen is a must-visit place in central Vietnam. According to statistics, there are more than 400 famous poets of the Tang Dynasty who have walked the road of Tang poetry in eastern Zhejiang. Those who come to Yunmen must stay here for the night. , I think that Yunmen is the best celebrity inn in the world.
Yunmen Temple, a pure Buddhist resort, is also the place of choice for scholars to study hard. Wang Xianzhi, the great calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Lu You, the great patriotic poet of the Song Dynasty, studied hard here when they were young, and The ruins of the "Yunmen Thatched Cottage" where he studied at that time were left behind.
In addition, there are several stories that have been told endlessly in the history of Chinese culture, such as the story of "Tuibi Tomb" and "Iron Threshold" where monk Zhiyong worked hard to practice calligraphy and finally became famous.
Because Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty admired Wang Xizhi's calligraphy masterpieces, he sent the censor Xiao Yi to use a trick to defraud the monk Biancai and obtain the "Preface to the Lanting Collection" which was collected in Yunmen Temple and was known as "the best running script in the world". The true story also happens here.
It is known that Yunmen is due to the "Lanting Preface". Wang Xizhi wrote the "Lanting Preface" in Shanyin Lanting, which is known to the world, but few people know that Yunmen in Kuaiji is where the "Lanting Preface" was lost.
Among the romance stories of the Tang Dynasty, there is a chapter called "Preface to the Lost Orchid Pavilion in Yunmen".
The story goes: Monk Zhiyong is the seventh generation grandson of Wang Xizhi and a descendant of Wang Hui (Wang Xizhi’s fifth son).
The young man and his elder brother Xiaobin (Huixin) abandoned the secular world and entered Taoism at Jiaxiang Temple in Qinwangshan.
He is proficient in the Prajna Lotus Sutras, loves Zen meditation, rarely engages in secular things, and is good at writing books.
Zhiyong lived in Yongxin Temple (Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty honored Zhiyong and Zhixin and named it Yongxin Temple, that is, Yunmen Temple.
) There was a book on the pavilion and he posted it three times in advance. More than ten years later, when the pen was withdrawn, a large bamboo 珐 was placed on it. The 簏 was as big as a stone, and all five 珏s were full. They took it out and named it "Tuibi Tomb".
People who come to ask for letters or questions are like the market. The threshold where they live is punctured and wrapped with iron leaves, which is called the "iron threshold".
Among the famous calligraphers among his disciples are Zhiguo, Shishu, Shite, Biancai, Yu Shinan, etc.
Zhiyong’s major contributions in the history of Chinese calligraphy art are in two aspects: first, he developed the purpose of "Eight Methods of Yongzi" and became a master of scholars in the Sui and Tang Dynasties; secondly, he compiled the "Thousand-Character Essay" and opened the door for future generations of calligraphers. The style of writing "The Thousand Character Essay".
Zhiyong *** drafted 800 copies of "The Thousand-Character Classic" and gave one to each temple in eastern Zhejiang for people to write it. It later became an enlightenment book for children in our country.
Mi Fu, a calligrapher of the Song Dynasty, said that the "Thousand-Character Essay" written by Zhiyong was "beautiful, round and vigorous, with all aspects covered".
Zhiyong was named, which means "obtaining the word Yong will increase wisdom". He is indeed an outstanding monk calligrapher in our country.
He also made his own inscriptions, so he stopped writing books.
Live one hundred and two years.
After Zhiyong's death, "Lanting Preface" was passed down to Bencai.
In his later years, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty loved calligraphy, especially the two kings.
He has collected a lot of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy and stickers, but "Lanting Preface" has only heard of his name but not seen his traces, which is so coveted.
Later, he learned that "Lanting Preface" was in the hands of Biancai, so he issued an order to order Biancai to go to Beijing to serve in the Taoist inner court. He was given a lot of gifts and wanted to trick Biancai into giving his calligraphy treasure.
Biancai had already been mentally prepared. He wrote in the poem "Going to Taizong's Call":
The sky is just around the corner from Songguan, and the Zen room is empty and green.
Even if the ministers of the court are noble, they are as competitive as the heart and the white clouds.
After arriving in Beijing, Biancai insisted that the "Lanting Preface" had been lost in the chaos and his whereabouts were unknown.
Tang Taizong had no choice but to release it back to Yuezhong.
Unwilling to give up, Taizong once again ordered Biancai to go to Beijing and ask again about the whereabouts of "Lanting Preface". This happened three times.
It is recorded in "Zhi Shu" that Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty summoned Biancai three times to question him about the whereabouts of "Lanting Tie".
When Shangshu’s right servant Shefang Xuanling saw that Emperor Taizong was eager to seek the treasure, he recommended Xiao Yi, the supervisor, to go to Vietnam to find out the whereabouts of the treasure.
Xiao Yi, whose real name was Shi Yi, was the great-grandson of Emperor Xiao Yi of Liang Yuan. He was talented and resourceful. After accepting the wishes of Emperor Tai Zhi of the Tang Dynasty, he came to Yuezhou with the two kings' miscellaneous posts and three numbers, pretending to be a Shandong scholar. Go to Cloud Gate.
Entering the temple at dusk, I walked around the corridor to view the murals. After passing the Biancai Courtyard, I saw Biancai Yi in the distance. After the cold and warm, we could talk easily. As we went into the room, we talked about literature and history, and we got to know each other very well. , and stayed overnight that day.
When it comes to calligraphy, Xiao said: "Er Wang Kai calligraphy has been taught to all of my disciples for a long time. My disciples came to study it when they were young, and now they have several calligraphies to follow."
Biancai happily said: Come tomorrow and compare.
Yi went as expected and published his book to show his talent.
The expert who discerns talents and is familiar with it said: This is what it is, but it is not good and good. There is an authentic work for poor people, which is quite common.
What is the message for Yiwen? Biancai said: Lanting.
Yi pretended to smile and said: "The scriptures have been scattered and separated. How can the authentic ones be there? It must be a forgery of the sound of the couch?" So Biancai told the truth and said: "We can see tomorrow."
When the wings arrived, Biancai emerged from the upper sill of the roof beam.
After seeing the end of the wings, he refutes Xia Zhikai and says: "The result is that the book is ringing on the couch."
After Biancai showed his wings to the "Lanting Pavilion", it no longer rested on the beam sill, and the posts of the two kings of Xiaoyi were left among several cases.
When I was more than eighty years old, I studied under the window several times a day.
Now that we have gone back and forth with Yi, there is no longer any suspicion for Tongdi and others.
One day, Bencai went to Yanqian's house in the south of Lingbo Bridge. Yisui came to the house, secretly took the "Lanting Preface" and the two princes' notes from the case, and went to Yong'an Post to tell them. As the postmaster, I asked him to report his good deeds to your commander-in-chief.
When Shanxing (that is, Dou Jiande's sister-in-law) heard about it, he came to worship him.
Xiao Yi declared his purpose and stated the reason for his announcement.
Being good at using others to identify their talents, identifying their talents and seeing them is the sign of Xiaosheng in the house.
Xiao Yi reported: I was sent to fetch Lanting. Lanting is now available, so I called my master to come and fetch it.
After hearing the words, the body collapsed and took a long time to recover.
Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was overjoyed when he saw the "Preface to Orchid Pavilion". He selected Fang Xuanling and rewarded him with thousands of pieces of brocade. One vase, one agate bowl, and actual beads. There are two good horses in the stables with precious saddles. There is one area for each house.
The secret of Taizong's initial anger at the old monk was that he could not bear to increase the punishment because he was old. A few days later, he still gave him three thousand pieces of food and three thousand stones of grain, which he sent to Yuezhou.
Biancai did not dare to use it and built a three-story pagoda. The pagoda was very beautiful. However, the old monk was seriously ill due to fright and palpitations and died at the age of more than 10 years old.
Later generations named it Biancai Tower.
The Yunmen Temple that can be seen now is completely different from the original Yunmen Temple and the Yunmen Temple in its heyday.
Yunmen Temple has been in decline since the late Ming Dynasty. At present, Yunmen Temple still has part of the temple that was rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. There are two wooden buildings and several east wing rooms from the Qing Dynasty.
The first three-bay mountain gate upon entering was built in the early Qing Dynasty. Above the lintel is written "Yunmen Ancient Temple" in regular script. It was also used as the Weituo Hall in the Ming Dynasty, and the east and west gates were used by civilians.
The second entrance is the three-bay Daxiong Hall, a Qing Dynasty building.
Under the front eaves is a horizontal plaque of "Mainxiong Hall". There are five raised-beam-style front porches in the Ming Dynasty, and four carved stone pillars in the main hall. They have tenaciously maintained their dedication to Sakyamuni for more than 300 years. belief and its relationship with the temple.
Inside the main hall, everything is spotless as far as the eye can see, and the level of cleanliness is unbelievable.
The front and rear golden pillars are round stone pillars with drum-shaped bases; the east and west spaces are in the form of buckets.
In the corridor wall at the north end of the east wing of the temple, there are "Recruiting for the Construction of Yunmen Temple" written by the writer Wang Siren in the third year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1630), Fan Yunlin's running script, and the famous calligraphers Dong Qichang, Chen Jiru and Dong Xiangmeng's postscript "Shu" monument is connected.
The stele is made of Taihu stone and has a rectangular base.
The stele is 148 centimeters high and 82 centimeters wide. The inscription describes the location of Yunmen Temple and the process of raising money to build Yunmen Temple.
This is conclusive evidence of the ancient Yunmen Temple.
Behind the monument, there is a clear spring, which is said to be Wang Xianzhi's "Inkstone Washing Pool". The clear water is like the eyes of the historical old man, shining with a mysterious look.
Surrounding the temple are the "Wuyun Bridge", "Ligu Pavilion" (in the pavilion there are poems praising Yunmen Temple left by poets of the past dynasties, etc.), "Wuyunshan Pavilion" (there are also two pavilions inside) "Stone Buddha Statue", "Shamu Patriarch's Tomb", Wang Xianzhi's "Brush Washing Pond", "Biancai Pagoda" ruins (Biancai Pagoda was built by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty), "Yunmen Thatched Cottage" ruins where Lu You once studied, The remaining abandoned roof foundations of the auxiliary temples at that time can also be clearly seen, and there are also a large number of stone slabs, stone piers, stone pillars and other relics used in temple construction at that time, and some of them have exquisite carvings on them. These are all ancient Temple ruins.
Yunmen Temple and Tea
Yunmen Temple can be said to be a Buddhist resort integrating religion, history, culture, and tourism. It has always been very popular among Chinese academic circles. , *** departments attach great importance to it. In recent years, scholars have continued to write letters or visit in person, and published research articles.
Shaoxing city and county cultural protection departments and Pingshui Town ***, where Yunmen Temple is located, also attach great importance to and care about it.