The Hong family is a typical ancient surname with multiple ethnic groups and origins. It ranks 99th in the current surname rankings and belongs to the big surname series with a population of about 2.462 million. Yu, accounting for about 0.15% of the country's total population.
The distribution and migration of the Hong surname in history
After the formation of the Hong surname, the main areas of activity were in Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. The population developed rapidly, which is in line with the southeastern It is related to the Sinicization of the original Shanyue people with the Hong surname in the area.
During the Song Dynasty, there were about 190,000 people with the surname Hong, accounting for about 0.24% of the country's population; ranking 75th. The province with the largest number of people with the surname Hong is Jiangxi, accounting for about 43% of the total population with the surname Hong in the country. The distribution in the country is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Fujian. These four provinces account for about 82% of the total population of Hong surname in the country, followed by Sichuan, Hebei, Henan, and Guangdong. Agglomeration areas with the Hong surname centered on Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Fujian have formed across the country.
During the Ming Dynasty, there were approximately 170,000 people with the surname Hong, accounting for approximately 0.18% of the country’s population, ranking 96th. During the Ming Dynasty, Zhejiang was the largest province with Hong surnames, accounting for approximately 33% of the total population of Hong surnames in the country. The distribution in the country is mainly concentrated in Zhejiang, Anhui, and Fujian. These three provinces account for about 64% of the total population with the surname Hong, followed by Jiangxi, Jiangsu, and Hubei, where another 20% of the people with the surname Hong are concentrated. Over more than 600 years during the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, the general distribution pattern of the Hong surname changed greatly, and its population mainly migrated to the southeastern coastal areas. The centers of the Hong surname across the country are still in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Fujian.
Contemporary population distribution and map of Hong surname
The contemporary population of Hong surname is more than 2 million, which is the 99th surname in the country, accounting for approximately 0.16% of the national population. In the 600 years since the Ming Dynasty, the population with the surname Hong has increased from 170,000 to more than 2 million, nearly 11 times. The growth rate of the population with the surname Hong is lower than the growth rate of the national population. The population growth rate of Hong has been declining in the past 1,000 years since the Song Dynasty. Guangdong is the province with the largest number of people with the surname Hong, accounting for about 14% of the total people with the surname Hong. The whole country has formed an area with a high proportion of Hong surnames along the Yangtze River Estuary and reaching Hainan in the south. During the 600 years, the degree and direction of population flow with the Hong surname were not much different from those during the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties. They continued to migrate from the southeast to the west and south. The schematic diagram of the distribution frequency of the surname Hong among the population (see Figure 99) shows that: in Zhejiang, Shanghai and Jiangxi, most of Jiangsu and Anhui, eastern Hubei and Hunan, Fujian and Taiwan Qiong, most of Guangdong, southern Guangxi, Yunnan In the east, central Chongqing, northern Heilongjiang, central Jilin, and northeastern Inner Mongolia, the Hong surname generally accounts for more than 0.22% of the local population, and can reach more than 1.5% in the central area. This area covers about 16% of the total land area. %, and about 73% of the people surnamed Hong live in this area. In northern Jiangsu and Anhui, Shandong, western Guangdong, most of Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou, western Yunnan, southern Shaanxi, most of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang, and eastern Inner Mongolia, the proportion of the local population is between 0.11% and 0.22%, and the coverage area is between 0.11% and 0.22%. It accounts for 23.6% of the total land area. About 21% of people with the Hong surname live in this area.
Eight volumes of the genealogy of the Hong family in Yancheng, Jiangxi, Poyang, Jiangxi, the first volume and the last volume were compiled by Hong Lu (Ming Dynasty) and printed with woodcut movable type in the 27th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1548 AD). It is now collected in Shanghai Library.
The six-volume genealogy of the Hong family in Yunshan, Wuyuan, Jiangxi was compiled by Hong Tianmin (Ming Dynasty), revised in the 32nd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1604 AD), and Hongfutang in the 26th year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1846 AD). Woodcut movable type print. It is now collected in the Hebei University Library.
Genealogy of the Hong family in Sui'an, Sichuan, edited by Hong Ruzhong and others (Ming Dynasty) and edited by Hong Ziming and others. Handwritten in the Ming Dynasty. It is now collected in the Archives of China Genealogy Website.
The genealogy of the Hong family in Hantang, Ningbo, Zhejiang, was compiled by Hong Yuemei in the Republic of China. In the twelfth year of the Republic of China (AD 1923), a woodcut movable type version of the Bentang was established. It is now in the collection of the genealogy of the Hong family in Jiaoxi, Zhenhai, Zhejiang, compiled by Du Xiangsi (Republic of China), and six volumes of woodcut movable type printed by Tingyi Hall in the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918 AD). It is now collected in twelve volumes of the Feishan Hong family genealogy in She County, Anhui Province, China. The first volume and the last volume were compiled by Hong Deming and others (Republic of China). Four volumes of woodcut movable type prints were printed in Wubentang in the 20th year of the Republic of China (1931 AD). . It is now collected in the Archives of China Genealogy Website.
Genealogy of the Hong family, (modern) edited by Chen Zhoutang, printed version by Zhejiang People's Publishing House in 1982. Publicly published.
The Genealogy of Zhangzhou Paihong Family of Dongmeitingbi Dunhuang Hall, edited by (modern) Hong Chengchuang, and a computer laser phototypesetting offset version of Yangchun City Information Center in 2003. The Hong family name of Tao Village, Le'an Town, Anhua, Hunan Province: "Fu Mao records the noble biography, Duan Guang and Hong Xingying; Zhengguang Ru Chengyong, the teachings of the sages. Mingde is close to Zhaomu, loyalty and filial piety start the family reputation; the ancestors are famous far away , poetry and calligraphy are virtuous. Learning and learning strengthen the foundation, and the latitude and longitude help the world; the virtuous people flourish, the country is prosperous, and the country is prosperous; the country is prosperous and the country is prosperous.
Hong's generation in Ningxiang, Hunan: "Xing Ying Zheng Guang Ru Cheng's family Yong Xian Zhi Shang De Pei Founded a magnificent foundation There are virtuous poems and books Zhi Xi Class Filial Friends Ke Chang Chuan Rui Qi Ming Yu Yuan Xiang Zhong Xiu Jie Mian Humanity Pi revives the national treasure Yao Compiled by Yun Guang Wen Yun Xi Ru's own industry, it can revitalize the family reputation and often think of Xianze."
Hong's generation in Loudi, Hunan: "Bachelor, Zhongliang, Famous Family, Xiaoyi, Legendary Honor, Ling Xuyu, Hance, Yingxian, Bao Shouguang, Xianye Shu, Xinyu, Chunan, Article, Hunan, Huanxi, Zuo Qingentan" .
Hong's generation in Wuchang, Hubei Province: "The moral inheritance of the family, the French culture, the virtues, the world's glory, the cultivation of Qi, the officialdom, and the rise of Chuyou will lead to prosperity."
The descendants of the Hong family in Tongcheng, Anhui: "The country and the country are prosperous from generation to generation with blessings, Tiandao, civilization, accumulation of benevolence, and the legacy of Yi Ye Guang before prosperity and longevity in the future"
Anhui east to Hong The surname is: "Xue Zong's ancestors, Xiang Xian and Chen".
The Hong family name in Jingxian County, Anhui Province: "Weitian has auspiciousness, the descendants of Sir will grow in literature, inherit the good, the loyal and the ancestors will be prosperous forever".
Hong's family name in Anji, Zhejiang: "If a family succeeds, it will be prosperous."
The Hong family name in Ruian, Zhejiang: "Qingguang Rucheng Donggen".
The Hong family name in Poyang, Jiangxi Province: "Cultivating virtues, restoring the world, displaying nobility, honoring kindness, and revitalizing the loyal and filial family."
Hong's family name in Nanchang, Jiangxi: "Inheriting the beauty of the ancestors and continuing the glory of the ancestral line for eternity."
The Hong family name in Dazhou, Sichuan: "Thick foundation leads to enlightenment".
Hong's family name in Chengdu, Sichuan: "It is a blessing to become a prosperous world, Yu Wenyuan ascends to the country".
Hong's family name in Shentan, Selangor, Malaysia: "A long-term guest is in a hurry to return home due to wind and rain. He rushes towards the Yellow River and calls out the ravine. The aftermath is sometimes blocked by road piles, bead-linked stone paths, discord baskets, and fearful climbers. Traveling to Pinggang Shentan Miaodong, I migrated to the doves. After the fireworks, I took a break at dusk. The host invited the guests into the father-in-law's room. Thousands of volumes of drunken scriptures were unveiled. The great scrolls and new sentences were revealed. I have also tasted the dregs of the old Gaoyang. People have often said that the taste is thin and the tongue is afraid. He who is not a king but is a sage should know his own good."
A descendant of the Hong family: "
The original sect of Dafang: "The words and deeds are outstanding, the great glory is great, the articles of Huaguo are everlasting, the sect has been prosperous and glorious for hundreds of generations. Prosperity, wealth, honor and fame";
Erfang original school: "God inspired the government to prosper the country and show Jia Moyun's inheritance of virtues";
Sanfang original school: "Junxiu Chongzong The colorful phoenix, the precious inscription, the fragrant incense, the opening of the high dynasty, the great fortune, the great ancestral light, the kuui, the bib, the shining light in the hall, the auspicious achievement, the long-term career, and the long hair forever." ", the second house comes from the word "国", and the third house starts from the word "phoenix", both are changed to the word "tong"): "Tongfu, Linxi, Kangzhongxiaoyongjichang, prosperity, talent, wealth and honor."
< p>One lineage of the Hong family: "Yuan Henry Zhen Yongchang's virtue greatly promoted the family's reputation"Part of the lineage of the Hong family in Xiayi County, Henan: Shaoxian Shouxiang. Other people named Hong: Northern Song Dynasty. The poet Huang Tingjian's sister married the fourth son of the Hong family. The eldest son Hong Peng studied poetry with Huang Tingjian. His younger brothers Hong Chu, Hong Yan and Hong Yu were all good in poetry and were known as the "Four Hongs" descendants of Hong Pu and Hong Hao in the Song Dynasty. He negotiated with the Jin people and was detained for 10 years. His three sons, Hong Shi, Hong Zun, and Hong Mai, all achieved success. Hong Mai served as a bachelor of Longtuge and wrote "Rong Zhai Essays" loved by politicians of all dynasties. Important minister Hong Zikui, scholar Hong Xingzu, Ming Dynasty Wanli Jinshi, Chongzhen Minister of War, and Governor of Jiliao Hong Chengchou, Qing Dynasty writer Hong Liangji, dramatist Hong Sheng, Hong Jun who served as ambassador to Germany, Australia, and the Netherlands, contemporary general Hong Xuezhi, party and government Important officials include Hong Hu, Hong Lanyou, Hong Ludong, Hong Fu (sound Fu) Zeng, Hong Feng, etc. County commanders surnamed Hong include: Dunhuang County (now the western end of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province), Xuancheng County (now the southeastern part of Anhui Province), Yuzhang County (now Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province)
Hong surname: Shuangzhongtang (Hong Hao of the Song Dynasty went to the Kingdom of Jin as a minister of the Ministry of Rites. The Jin people detained him, but Hao was determined not to After being detained for 15 years, he often secretly sent people to the Song Dynasty to report the situation in Jin. People compared him to Su Wu. His son Hong Mai also went to Jin as a Hanlin scholar, and the Jin people forced him to call him "accompanying minister". ", he resolutely refused, and was therefore detained by the Jin people. Both his father and son were loyal to the motherland, and they were known as "Father and Son Double Loyalty").
The surname Hong is suitable for couplets: the article is high in the world; the surname is at the top of the list (Hong Ying, the imperial censor of Zuodu in the Ming Dynasty, ranked first in the Yongle examination). Zongshan Gongxiulong's great achievements; Stars and Changming Picture Hall (the temple joint of the family of the surname Hong in Nantou County, Taiwan). From Jiaying to Yangmei, the ancestors of Dezong worked hard to build the foundation of officialdom and salary; by taking advantage of Huafeng to pass through Huayi, Guangqianyu and later, farming and learning also carried forward the legacy of Dunhuang (the couplet of the ancestral shed of the surname Hong. This couplet records the ancestors of Hong Xiuquan The difficult journey of moving from Jiaying Prefecture to Guanlubu Village in Hua County).
Things can speak to people; the heart is always level (self-written couplet by Hong Zikui, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty). The Three Floods are famous all over the world (the famous doctors of the Song Dynasty, Hong Shi, Hong Zun, and Hong Mai, successively entered the Ci Department, and the "Three Floods" became famous all over the world); the first army made great contributions to the country (Hong Mengyan, the prefect of Weizhou in the Song Dynasty, Baoqing Jinshi, Gaosha mutiny At that time, he opened a new path and made the army safe). The second son of the Emperor of Heaven has a far-reaching reputation (Hong Xiuquan, the leader of the Taiping Rebellion, claimed to be the second son of the Emperor of Heaven); the god of water, Gonggong, had a long lineage (the ancestor of the Hong surname, Gonggong, had water virtues and was regarded as a god). Brothers are all competing for the fourth place in the Xie family (the records of the three Hong Shi brothers in the Song Dynasty); both father and son are praised for the third place in Ninghai (the records of Hong Hao, a Zhenghe Jinshi in the Song Dynasty, and his son Hong Shi's high school Ci Department). Jiuchong was an early master of Yang Fu; his first generation was the first to pass down short poems of Li (a gift couplet written by Hong Liangji, a scholar and writer of the Qing Dynasty). Liugui Jiasheng (referring to the connection of the six surnames Hong, Jiang, Weng, Fang, Gong, and Wang); Dunhuang Shize (referring to the fact that Mao Pu changed his name to Hong Pu after going to Dunhuang to escape disaster). Cai was called Si Zi (referring to the four brothers Hong Peng, Hong Chu, Hong Yan and Hong Yu in the Northern Song Dynasty); Shu Lie Sanqi (referring to Hong Juefan who had extraordinary calligraphy).
The descendants of the Hong surname who immigrated from Dahuaishu, Hongdong County, Shanxi Province, are distributed in Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin and other places.