Yongyule·Jingkou Beigu Pavilion nostalgic for the past
Xin Qiji
Throughout the ages, there is no hero to be found, and Sun Zhong seeks a place.
On the dancing pavilion and singing stage, the wind is always blown away by the rain.
The setting sun, the grass and trees, the ordinary alleys, where the humane slaves once lived.
Think of those days when we were fierce and powerful, and we could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger.
Yuanjia hastily sealed the wolf in Xu, and won the hasty visit to the north.
Forty-three years later, I still remember the beacon fire on Yangzhou Road.
Looking back, there is a sacred crow drum under the Buddha Temple.
Who is to ask, Lian Po is old, can he still make a living?
This is one of the outstanding patriotic chapters in "Jia Xuan Ci". Its ideological content includes two aspects: first, the author's ambition to resist the enemy and save the country. 2. The writer’s foresight for the great cause of restoration and his loyalty to serve the country.
In the third year of Jiatai of Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty (1203), when Xin Qiji was sixty-four years old, he was summoned to inform Shaoxing Prefecture and serve as the pacification envoy to eastern Zhejiang. Before this, Xin Qiji had been forced to retreat to the countryside of Jiangxi for more than ten years. He was appointed by Han Yuzhou, who was in charge of power. Because Mongolia had already risen behind the Jin regime at that time, the Jin regime was declining day by day and civil strife broke out. Han Yuzhou wanted to make a great contribution to conquer the Jin Dynasty to consolidate his position, so he used Xin Qiji as the banner to call for the Northern Expedition. In the second year (1204), he was appointed magistrate of Zhenjiang. Zhenjiang was on the verge of the front line of the Anti-Japanese War at that time. Xin Qiji first arrived in Zhenjiang and worked hard to prepare for the Northern Expedition. He clearly asserted that the Jin regime would be in chaos and perish. He also believed that in order for the Southern Song Dynasty to win the war against the Jin Dynasty, sufficient preparations must be made. He once put forward these opinions to Song Ningzong and Han Yuzhou, and suggested that the important matter of using troops against Jin should be entrusted to senior officials. This undoubtedly includes Xin Qiji. However, Han Yuzhou and his group not only failed to accept it, but were also suspicious and dissatisfied. They used a minor incident to demote him. In the first year of Kaixi (1205), he was simply transferred away from Zhenjiang and was not allowed to participate in the Northern Expedition. Xin Qiji came south from the Shandong uprising at the age of twenty-three. With a passion for serving his country, he stayed in the south for forty-three years. He was initially squeezed out by the capitulationists, and now he was attacked by Han Yuzhou and his group. The desire to contribute to the great cause of restoration has come to nothing. This is the background of the times when Xin Qiji wrote this poem.
This poem is titled "Nostalgia for the Past in Beigu Pavilion, Jingkou", so it starts with the historical figures of Zhenjiang - Sun Quan and Liu Yu. Sun Quan was the emperor of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. He established the capital of Wu in Nanjing and was able to defeat the invader Cao Cao's army from the north and defend the country. Xin Qiji went to Beigu Pavilion in Jingkou to reminisce about the past. The first thing he thought of was the heroic figure Sun Zhongmou (also known as Sun Quan) in the Three Kingdoms period, but now he is nowhere to be found. "The romance is always blown away by the rain and the wind." It means that the romance of Sun Zhongmou's heroic career has disappeared. "Jinu" is the diminutive name of Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. Liu Yu raised troops in Jingkou to attack Huan Xuan and put down the rebellion. The three sentences "Think of those days" praise Liu Yu for leading the Northern Expedition with strong soldiers and horses, galloping through the Central Plains and devouring barbarians. The author uses the heroic deeds of these local historical figures in Jingkou to vaguely express his feelings of resisting the enemy and saving the country.
The sentences in the next film, "Yuan Jia was hasty and sealed the wolf to live in Xu" are also based on historical facts. "Yuanjia" is the reign name of Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty. Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty Liu Yilong was Liu Yu's son. He could not inherit his father's legacy, he was so happy about his achievements, he listened to Wang Xuanmo's Northern Expedition policy, and fought an unprepared battle, which resulted in a complete defeat. The sealing of Langjuxu is the story of Huo Qubing of the Han Dynasty defeating the Xiongnu and holding a ceremony to worship the heaven at Langjuxu Mountain (now part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty heard Wang Xuanmo's grand words and said to his ministers: "Hearing Wang Xuanmo's statement makes people feel like being a wolf." Xin Qiji used the historical fact that Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty "hastily" (meaning hastily) the Northern Expedition and finally failed miserably as a profound warning that the gold expedition at that time must be fully prepared and not be carried out hastily. "Looking north in a hurry" means becoming pale when seeing the enemy chasing from the north. When Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty was defeated, there was a poem saying "Looking north to the north to communicate with tears". Han Yuzhou was defeated in the Northern Expedition in the second year of Kaixi and was executed the following year, fulfilling Xin Qiji's prophecy of "winning the hasty expedition to the north".
The three sentences "Forty-three years", recalling the past from the present, have Qu Fu's emotion of "beauty grows old". Xin Qiji led his troops back to the south in the 32nd year of Shaoxing (1162), and in the first year of Kaixi's reign, he wrote the poem "Yongyu Le" in Jingkou, exactly forty-three years ago. The two sentences "looking in the middle and still remembering" mean that looking north at Guting, Jingkou, I remember that forty-three years ago, I was participating in the anti-golden struggle in the war-torn area north of Yangzhou. ("Road" is the name of the administrative region in the Song Dynasty, and Yangzhou belongs to Huainan East Road.) Later, he crossed Huainan and returned. He originally wanted to rely on national power to restore the Central Plains. Unexpectedly, the Southern Song Dynasty court was ignorant and incompetent, rendering his hero useless. Now, forty-three years later, I have become an old man, but my ambition is still elusive. Xin Qiji recalled the past and felt overwhelmed by his life experience!
The three sentences "Under the Buddha and Raccoon Temple", from the memory of the past to the present reality, shocked Xin Qiji. There is a Buddha and Raccoon Temple on Guabu Mountain on the north bank of the Yangtze River, which was built by Tuoba Tao, Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty. historical relics left behind. Tuoba Tao, also known as Foli, belongs to the Xianbei ethnic group. After defeating Wang Xuanmo's army, he led his pursuers directly to Guabu Mountain on the north bank of the Yangtze River and built a palace on the mountain, which later became the Buddha and Li Temple. The local people hold a game to welcome the gods under the Buddha and Li Temple every year. The "sacred crow" is the crow that eats the sacrifices, and the "shegu" is the drum sound used to worship the gods. Xin Qiji wrote three sentences "Under the Buddha and Li Temple" to express his hidden worries: Now that Jiangbei has been occupied for a long time, if we do not seek recovery quickly, the people will be content with the rule of foreigners and forget that they are subjects of the Song Dynasty. This is exactly what Lu You's poem "Looking to the North" said: "The Central Plains has fallen into the dust, and the north is full of haze. The old age has died, and the childish days and nights are long. The sheep's fur is left with its folds, and it is better to remember the past." They have the same meaning.
Xin Qiji’s poem ends with Lian Po’s story, which is a clear proof that the author’s patriotism will not fade even as he grows old. Although Lian Po is old, he still wants to be used by King Zhao. In front of King Zhao's envoy, he ate a bushel of rice, ten pounds of meat, and mounted his horse in armor to show that he still had some courage. Xin Qiji compares himself with integrity at the end of this sentence, which also expresses his loyalty and loyalty that he refuses to accept his old age and still hopes to serve his country.
One thing about Xin Qiji's writing method is obviously different from that of his previous poets, that is, he uses more allusions. For example, this poem uses many historical stories. Some people say that the shortcoming of his poetry is that it "falls off the book bag". Yue Fei's grandson Yue Ke, who wrote "History of Qiang", said that "using too many things" was the fault of this poem. This is an inappropriate criticism. We should make a specific analysis: many of Xin Qiji's original poems inevitably used excessive allusions, but this is not the case with this poem. The stories used in it, except for the incident of Lian Po at the end, are all historical facts about Zhenjiang. The scenery in front of him is the proper content of the title "Jingkou Nostalgia", which is different from the household allusions used in ordinary dictionaries. Moreover, the stories he used are closely related to the thoughts and feelings of the poem. In terms of artistic techniques, he used many historical events to surround the ideological content of the work to enhance the persuasiveness and appeal of the work. This is rare in Song poetry. Yes, this is the strength of this poem. Yang Shen's "Ci Pin" states that Xin's Ci poems should be ranked first among the nostalgic "Yongyu Le" written by Guting in Beigu, Jingkou. This is an insightful comment.