Question 1: Who do the Four Ming Schools refer to? The Four Ming Schools - refer to the four Ming Dynasty painters who inherited the tradition of the Four Yuan Schools and were highly accomplished in painting; Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin. Qiu Ying
Question 2: Which four painters are referred to by the Four Schools of the Ming Dynasty? The Four Schools of the Ming Dynasty, also known as the "Four Schools of Wu Clan", refer to the four famous painters of the Ming Dynasty: Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, and Tang Yin and Qiu Ying.
This name is derived from the "Four Families of the Southern Song Dynasty" and the "Four Families of the Yuan Dynasty" because they were all from Suzhou Prefecture in Nanzhili and were active in today's Suzhou (also known as "Wu Fang". Gate") area, so it is also called the "Four Masters of Wumen" or "Four Masters of Tianmen".
Since the creation of Shen Zhou Dynasty, the Wumen School of Painting, represented by the Four Ming Schools and the Ming Dynasty painter Zhang Hong, It is basically considered to be the inheritance of the painting tradition of the Four Schools of the Southern Song Dynasty. The inherited system has become the mainstream school of Chinese painting since the late Ming Dynasty, especially in the field of landscape painting.
Among the "Four Schools of the Ming Dynasty". Shen Zhou and Wen Zhengming are the most prominent representatives of Wu School literati paintings. Their paintings are mainly landscapes, whether they are elegant green or Shen Xiong and Wen Xiu's ink, they mainly depict Jiangnan scenery and literati gardens. Poetry, calligraphy, and painting are a trinity to express feelings. The landscape paintings are eye-catching with ink and light colors, both thick and thin.
Among the "Four Families of the Ming Dynasty", Tang Yin and Qiu Ying respectively represent the four families of the Wu family. The other two types are: Tang Yin is well-educated, good at poetry, calligraphy and painting, and is known as the "first talented man in the south of the Yangtze River". He has extensive experience and deep involvement in the world, so he has a wide range of themes, both ancient and modern, and is eclectic; Qiu Ying specializes in painting He has a strong foundation in imitating ancient themes, and is particularly good at meticulously painted figures and green landscapes. His painting style is rigorous and informal.
Question 3: The relationship between the Four Ming Schools and the four great talents of the Ming Dynasty. The Four Ming Schools: refers to Chinese painting. In history, there are four Ming Dynasty painters, Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying. Among the four, Shen Zhou and Wen Zhengming were both good at painting landscapes, inheriting the tradition of Beijing landscape painting; Tang Yin was good at landscapes and figures, and they used the Southern Song Dynasty style as their method; Qiu Ying used the style of painting in the Southern Song Dynasty. They are famous for their hand-painted figures and green landscapes. The four have their own merits and are equally famous. However, except for Shen Zhou and Wen Zhengming, who have a master relationship, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying each have their own characteristics. Therefore, the "Four Ming Dynasty" are only four artists who have great achievements. The four masters of different styles are not called the same school of painting.
Tang Bohu
The nickname is Bohu, the other is Ziwei, the nickname is Liuru Jushi, the master of Taohua Temple, etc. (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). At 29, he ranked first in the provincial examination, so he was known as the "Nanjing Jieyuan". When he went to Beijing for the imperial examination, he was dismissed and imprisoned for being involved in the examination fraud case. He was released from prison on the recommendation of Wu Kuan. He remarried and suffered a series of mental blows. Later, he traveled to famous mountains and rivers, specializing in calligraphy, painting, and poetry, and made a living from this. His works often reveal his melancholy and negative thoughts after being hit. Tang Yin is a representative figure of the Men Painting School, together with Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming and Qiu Ying, known as the Four Masters of the Ming Dynasty, also known as the "Four Wu Schools". Tang Yin is good at painting landscapes and meticulous figures, especially ladies, with beautiful, meticulous, free and elegant brushwork. "Tang Painting" was inherited by later generations of painters. The handed down works include "Riding a Donkey Returning to Thoughts", "Autumn Wind Fan Fan", "Li Ruirui", "One Life's Marriage", "Mountain Road Songsong", etc. Poems and prose include "The Complete Works of Liuru Layman".
Wen Zhengming
Wen Zhengming (1470-1559), was originally named Bi and Zhengming, later changed to Zhengzhong, nicknamed Tingyun, also known as Hengshan layman, and was known as Wenhengshan . A native of Changzhou (now Suzhou). One of the founders of "Wumen School of Painting". He is the most famous painter and great calligrapher in the mid-Ming Dynasty. He is known as "whose writing can be found all over the world". His ancestral home is Hengshan, so he is called Hengshan Jushi. He is a native of Changzhou (now Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province). At the age of 54, he was awarded the title of "Wen Daizhao" by the imperial examination of the Ministry of Officials. In calligraphy, he was influenced by his father's close friend Wu Kuan to write Su style in his early years. Later, he was influenced by his father-in-law Li Yingzhen and learned more from Song and Yuan styles. Xiaokai imitates the Jin and Tang Dynasties, and its strength becomes more vigorous. Ming Xie Zaihang's "Wuzazu? Volume 7" praised Wen Zhengming's small regular script: "There is no real regular script, that is, "Jian Ji Zhi Biao" and "Le Yi Lun" written by Zhong and Wang all have running script. "Jiucheng Palace" of Tang Dynasty , "Duobao Pagoda" and other steles, the calligraphy and painting were careful at first, but the problem of being too fat and too thin was still inevitable. By this time, Mr. Wen Zhengzhong began to pay attention to the structure, the density was well-proportioned, and the color was perfect. He is also one of the most famous people in the Shuyuan. "His calligraphy has the style of Huang Tingjian, which is green and graceful, and is good at both bone and rhyme. At that time, he paid equal attention to Zhu Yunming and Wang Chong.
Qiu Ying
Qiu Ying (about 1509-1551) was an outstanding painter of the Ming Dynasty. The courtesy name is Shifu and the nickname is Shizhou. A native of Taicang (now part of Jiangsu). Live in Suzhou for a long time. He was a painter at first, but later changed to study painting under Zhou Chen. He makes a living by selling paintings, is good at imitating ancient times, and does not stick to one family. Pink pictures and yellow paper, the writing looks real. He is good at painting figures, birds and beasts, landscapes, buildings, boats and vehicles, all of which are elegant and vivid. With his wide range of themes and neat and elegant style, he adapted to the needs of the landlords and wealthy merchants at that time. He is especially good at figure painting, creating a new style of historical customs. His paintings are graceful and delicate, and he is a master of contemporary figure painting. When painting landscapes, I like to paint in large turquoise colors, with sparse brushwork, simple and far-sighted artistic conception, and mesmerizing craftsmanship. He is good at copying and has superb skills. Zhang Chou commented on it in "Qinghe Painting and Calligraphy Boat": Qiu Ying's paintings are "Wang Wei, a landscape artist, Li Cheng, a forestry artist, Wu Yuanyu, a figure artist, and Zhao Boju, a colorist. They combine the strengths of all the painters and combine them to achieve perfection." . Dong Qichang of the Ming Dynasty inscribed his "Immortal Game Picture" and said: "Qiu Shi's father is the descendant of Zhao Boju, and both Wen and Shen have not done their best." His works include "Character Story Picture", "Han Palace Spring Dawn Picture", "Service Picture" ", "Shanglin Picture", "Watching Waterfall Picture", etc.
Shen Zhou
Shen Zhou (1427-1509), also known as Qinan, Shitian, Baishiweng, Yutiansheng, Youjuzhuju master, etc., was known as the "Wumen School of Painting" in the south of the Yangtze River. The leader of the class has a profound influence on the history of painting. The Shen family lived in seclusion in Wumen for generations and lived in Xiangcheng, Suzhou. Their hometown and tomb are in today's Yangchenghu Town, Xiangcheng District. Shen Zhou played a leading role in the field of literati painting since the Yuan and Ming dynasties. He was a calligrapher, Huang Tingjian, who was particularly accomplished in painting. He also painted landscapes, flowers and birds, as well as figures, and his outstanding achievements were in landscapes, flowers and birds. Shen Zhou's paintings have comprehensive skills and simple skills. He has his own creations based on learning from the Song and Yuan Dynasties. He developed the expressive techniques of literati ink and freehand landscape, flower and bird painting, and became the leader of Wumen School of Painting. Shen Zhou's representative works include the "Imitation of Dong Ju's Landscape" scroll, "Cangzhou Interesting Pictures" volume, "Zuyi Picture", "Mocai Picture", "Woyou Picture", "Dongzhuang Picture", "Peony" axis, Volume "Appreciation of Chrysanthemums in a Pot", "Picture of Overlapping Mountains on the Smoke River", volume "Lu...>>
Question 4: Four schools of the Yuan Dynasty? Four schools of the Ming Dynasty? Six schools of the Qing Dynasty? Who do the Four Monks and the Eight Friends of Zhushan refer to? The Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty
The collective name of the four representative painters of landscape painting in the Yuan Dynasty. There are two main theories: the first refers to Zhao Meng\, Wu Zhen, Huang Gongwang and Wang Meng. See the appendix of "Yi Yuan Yan Yan" by Wang Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty. The second refers to Huang Gongwang, Wang Meng, Ni Zan and Wu Zhen, as seen in "Rongtai Collection? Painting Purpose" by Dong Qichang of the Ming Dynasty. The second one is that it is more popular. Some also call Zhao Meng\, Gao Kegong, Huang Gongwang, Wu Zhen, Ni Zan, and Wang Meng collectively the "Six Families of the Yuan Dynasty". Although the painting styles have their own characteristics, they are mainly developed on the basis of Dong Yuan of the Five Dynasties and Ju Ran of the Northern Song Dynasty. They emphasize brushwork and interest, combined with calligraphy and poetry. They are the mainstream of landscape paintings in the Yuan Dynasty and have a great influence on the Ming and Qing dynasties. .
The Four Families of the Ming Dynasty
Also known as the "Four Families of Wu Clan". Refers to the four Ming Dynasty painters Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying in the history of Chinese painting. They are all engaged in painting activities in Suzhou, Jiangsu. Because Suzhou was the land of Wu in ancient times, it was also called the "Four Schools of Wu": Shen, Wen, Tang, and Qiu. Among the four, Shen Zhou and Wen Zhengming are both good at painting landscapes, inheriting the tradition of Beijing landscape painting; Tang Yin is good at landscapes and figures, and their Southern Song Dynasty style is the method; Qiu Ying is famous for his artificial brush figures and green landscapes. The four people each have their own strengths and are equally famous one after another. However, except for Shen Zhou and Wen Zhengming who had a teacher-student relationship, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying each had their own personalities. Therefore, the "Four Schools of Wu Clan" ("Four Schools of Ming Dynasty") are just four masters with different styles who achieved great achievements in the Ming Dynasty. They are not called the same painting school.
The Six Schools of the Qing Dynasty
The collective name of six landscape painters in the early Qing Dynasty: Wang Shimin, Wang Jian, Wang Yun, Wang Yuanqi, Wu Li and Yun Shouping. Also known as "Four Kings, Wu and Yun". They became famous after Dong Qichang in the Ming Dynasty. They led the painting world and influenced the trends of the times. They were regarded as "orthodox" at that time.
The Four Monks
The Four Monks were a famous painting school in the history of Chinese painting in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. ), Kuncan (Shixi) and Jianjiang (Hongren) were all monks, hence the name Four Monks.
The Eight Friends of Zhushan
The name of the Eight Friends of Zhushan at that time was "Yueyuanhui", which were some of the pastel and porcelain prints that were lost to the people after the imperial kiln ceased operations. master.
The "Eight Friends" here are: Wang Qi, Wang Dafan, Wang Yeting, Deng Bishan, Bi Botao, He Xuren, Cheng Yiting, and Liu Yucen.
Question 5: Who are the four painters of the Ming Dynasty? It refers to the four Ming Dynasty painters Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying in the history of Chinese painting.
Question 6: Who are the four Ming families? What are their representative works? The Four Bold Masters refer to the four Ming Dynasty painters Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying in the history of Chinese painting.
Their respective famous paintings include:
Shen Zhou--Picture of Lushan Mountain
Wen Zhengming--Picture of Huishan Tea Party
Tang Yin-- Picture of the Solitary Duck in the Falling Clouds
Qiu Ying - Picture of Taoyuan Wonderland
Question 7: Who are the "Four Ming Schools" in the calligraphy world? The Four Ming Schools (Four Wu Schools): Refers to the Ming Dynasty painters Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying in the history of Chinese painting. art.biz/art/w_liupai/mingshijia
Question 8: What is the difference between the Four Talents of Wuzhong and the Four Scholars of Ming Dynasty? The four masters of the Ming Dynasty refer to painting, and the four great talents are both calligraphers and painters. Only Xu Zhenqing is known for his calligraphy.
The Four Ming Schools, also known as the Four Wu Schools, refer to the four famous painters of the Ming Dynasty: Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying. This name is relative to the "Four Families of the Yuan Dynasty". Since they were all from Suzhou Prefecture in South Zhili and were active in today's Suzhou (also known as "Wumen"), they were also called the "Four Heroes of Wumen" or the "Four Heroes of Tianmen". The Wu School of Painting, founded by Shen Zhou and represented by the four painters, is basically considered to be the continuation of the literati painting tradition of the four schools of the Yuan Dynasty. It has become the mainstream of traditional Chinese painting since the late Ming Dynasty, especially in landscape painting.
The Four Talents in Wuzhong are the four great talents in Jiangnan. They refer to four talented and free-spirited intellectuals living in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province during the dynasty. It is generally believed to refer to Tang Yin (Tang Bohu), Zhu Yunming (Zhu Zhishan), Wen Zhengming, and Xu Zhenqing. Tang Yin, Zhu Yunming, and Wen Zhengming were not only good at poetry, but also good at calligraphy and painting, and were known for their versatility.
Question 9: Who are the four great talents? Tang Yin, Wen Zhengming, Zhu Yunming and Xu Zhenqing are collectively called the "Four Talents of Jiangnan" (also known as the Four Talents of Wu Clan) in poems, lyrics and music.
Question 10: What are the achievements and masterpieces of the four Ming dynasties? The Four Families of the Ming Dynasty are also called the "Four Families of Wu Clan". Refers to the four Ming Dynasty painters Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying in the history of Chinese painting. Among the four, Shen Zhou and Wen Zhengming were both good at painting landscapes, inheriting the tradition of Beijing landscape painting; Tang Yin was good at landscapes and figures, and he used the Southern Song Dynasty courtyard style as his method; Qiu Ying was famous for his hand-painted figures and green landscapes. The four people each have their own merits and are equally famous one after another.
Shen Zhou, also known as Qinan, also known as Bai Shiweng, was known as Mr. Ishida. A native of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, he was born into a family of calligraphers and painters. He has many artistic talents and is good at painting landscapes and figures. The long scroll "Interesting Pictures of Cangzhou" is his masterpiece in his later years.
Wen Zhengming was first named Bi, then changed his name to Xing, and then changed his name to Zhengzhong, and his name was Hengshan Jushi. A native of Cheung Chau, he is a painter and scholar. Ability to draw figures, flowers, birds, and landscapes. Landscapes painted with fine strokes are best.
Tang Yin, Chu Ziwei, also named Bohu, called himself Liuru Jushi. A native of Suzhou with extraordinary talents
Qiu Ying, whose courtesy name is Shifu and his nickname is Shizhou. A native of Taicang, he was born as a painter. He is a master of figure and landscape painting and is known as a genius.
Representative masterpieces
Shen Zhou--Picture of Mount Lushan Highness Wen Zhengming--Picture of Huishan Tea Party Tang Yin--Picture of Solitary Owl in the Setting Clouds Qiu Ying--Picture of Taoyuan Wonderland