First, strengthen listening training and promote writing.
In the introduction to the book, the author of New Concept English emphasized: "Don't write a language you haven't read, read a language you haven't spoken, and speak a language you haven't heard." Obviously, acquiring language information and language feelings through listening channels is the basis of foreign language learning. In order to improve students' listening, make them get more information and lay a foundation for expression, I have made full use of synchronous listening tapes matched with teaching materials since high school, integrating listening, reading and writing, with special emphasis on listening and writing training. This requires students to write and understand. In addition, I choose "High School English Must Listen" as the training material for one listening class every week. The form and content of the book are diversified, including short stories, dialogues and character introductions; Knowledge of family life customs, British and American customs and other cultural backgrounds. The listening materials are authentic, read by British and American people, and the speed of speech is from slow to fast, step by step. The specific way is: select the new words in the listening materials in advance, and the teacher will read them several times. After removing the obstacles of new words, for the first time, students concentrate on listening and grasp the general idea of what they hear; The second time, students listen and write; Proofread what you have heard and written for the third time. To check the effect of listening and writing, students should compare with each other, and teachers should make spot checks and make comments in time. Through this training, students' listening and writing abilities have been greatly improved.
Second, accumulate vocabulary and promote writing.
Just as civil masonry is a building material, vocabulary is an essential material for speaking and writing. If students pick up an English article and 50% of the words are unknown, how can they understand the information expressed in the article? If you want to write a sentence, five words in 10 can't be spelled or misspelled, how can you express your thoughts? It can be seen that the key to measure a student's English level (communicative competence, writing level, etc. It depends on how many words he has mastered. In teaching, I insist that students dictate and memorize the new words in each new unit, and ask them to write the corresponding words when giving English explanations and English when giving Chinese. At the same time, I ask students to pay attention to polysemy and part-of-speech conversion. In order to attract students' attention, I often spot-check students' dictation exercises and record them in my usual grades. The correct rate of dictation should reach 90%, and the mistakes in dictation should be corrected immediately. I call this practice clear in class and clear in paragraphs. This practice persists from the first year of high school to the graduation of students from high school, which enables students to accumulate a large number of vocabulary in long-term unremitting dictation. In addition, irregular verb past tense, past participle, irregular changes of adjectives and adverbs, special forms of noun plural, year, month, day and week, etc. I have learned it in senior high school and junior high school, specializing in dictation, laying a solid spelling foundation for students' written expression in the college entrance examination, so that students can avoid losing points because of spelling mistakes in the written expression in the college entrance examination.
Third, writing norms to promote writing
The quality of college entrance examination English composition is not only reflected in the content of expression, but also in the written form, which is often called impression score. Therefore, in the teaching process, from the primary stage of writing, copying, spelling to dictation, I insist on the basic writing skills of 26 letters, requiring students to write in a standardized way and pay attention to the continuity of writing and a neat and beautiful face. I used the form of English calligraphy competition to let the whole class take part in the English calligraphy competition. The class publishes English calligraphy blackboard newspaper to show students' excellent works, stimulate students' interest in practicing English writing and develop good writing habits. In my opinion, the reason why the college entrance examination should have the question of "written expression" is to test students' writing ability, including the basic skills of spelling and writing. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to cultivating students' abilities in these two aspects from the beginning.
Fourth, around the text, promote writing.
The current senior high school texts are the first-hand materials for students' comprehensive training in listening, speaking, reading and writing. After a literature class, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, sentence patterns and oral and written expressions are all included. In text teaching, we should pay attention to cultivating students' ability from the following aspects to lay a good foundation for writing.
1. Dictation.
In teaching, I insist on dictating a certain number of words in each class, and write out the spelling form, meaning explanation and part of speech of the words. I take various forms, such as students dictating words instead, teachers sampling, word spelling competitions, and recording their usual grades. Promote students to learn words. Ask students to correct their mistakes in time. If you just write and don't change, you won't meet the teaching requirements, and dictation will become a mere formality.
2. The ability to choose words and make sentences.
Pay special attention to the verbs in the text, because mastering verbs is the key to whether students can choose words and make sentences correctly. For the key words, phrases and example sentences that appear in the text, students should be guided to make sentences orally. After each new lesson, I write 15 ~ 20 sentences according to the key words and phrases appearing in the text, so that students can do Chinese-English translation exercises. I ask students to write down every word spoken by teachers or classmates as much as possible while practicing oral English. This is also a kind of dictation training, which can cultivate students' ability to take notes in English, reduce the time of writing on the blackboard and increase the classroom capacity. Learning to take class notes is very helpful for students to improve their written expression ability.
3. Reading and reciting ability.
Generally speaking, the amount of training in listening and reading must be dozens of times that in speaking and writing, in order to express what you want to express more freely orally or in writing. When we learn Chinese, we pay attention to familiarizing ourselves with 300 Tang poems. If we can't write, we can recite them. So should learning English. In teaching practice, I insist that students recite some texts, classic sentences and proverbs. If students can quote classic sentences and proverbs properly in their writing, the quality of the article will be improved.
4. Oral and written generalization ability.
On the basis of students reciting the text, students are required to retell the text orally and in writing on the premise of giving key words. Taking the football lessons that students have learned as an example, the teacher gives the following key words:
Modern forms of games, in Great Britain,19th century.
Become a full member, Olympic Games, 1908
The World Cup is held every four years.
Each team 1 1 individual, score more goals and win the game.
Playing time, divided into two parts, substitute ... ...
Then let the students make sentences orally, and then describe them coherently, and then write them in words. The general idea of such a text is basically expressed.
Fifth, combine senior three review to promote writing.
In teaching practice, I feel that although we usually pay attention to cultivating students' writing ability, students may not get ideal scores when doing written expression questions. Therefore, it is necessary to further strengthen the training of students' written expression ability in combination with senior three review.
1. Training writing with simple sentences as clues.
Writing training in senior three is no longer just seeing a verb, simply putting it in the right position and using the right sentence patterns as usual, but must have a higher level of generalization and induction. Taking the sentence pattern of subject+system+table as an example, students should summarize the copula verbs they have learned that can be used in this sentence pattern, such as the commonly used copula verb be, to indicate a stable state; Get, become, turn, they represent the change of state; Keep indicates the state of keeping, such as keeping quiet; Look, taste, smell and sound, these verbs express the feelings and impressions given by the subject, and have passive meaning. Adjectives should be used instead of adverbs. For example, bread tastes good. I can't say this bread tastes good. Let students have a comprehensive understanding of what they have learned and try not to use it wrong.
2. Limited time simulation and writing training.
In recent years, the English college entrance examination questions have various genres and wide knowledge coverage, which requires students to pay attention to mastering the speed when doing the questions. Judging from the time allocation, the written expression of the college entrance examination can only be limited to about 20 minutes at most. Students must complete the written expression within this time, with coherent meaning and no serious grammatical errors. In order to meet this requirement, I have been practicing every Monday since the third year of high school. The specific way is to arrange the style to be practiced next week every Friday and give students appropriate hints. Teachers and students prepare a model essay with similar style at the same time. Next Monday, collect and correct the compositions written by students, and use one class to comment on the compositions. Comments generally start from three aspects: first, extract common and typical examples of mistakes in students' compositions, copy them on the blackboard, and let the whole class discuss and correct them, in order to impress the whole class and not make similar mistakes again; The second is to select well-written students' compositions and read them to the whole class, so that students can learn from each other's strengths; Third, teachers show model essays to inspire students' thinking.
3. Master skills and practice writing.
(1) Carefully examine the questions and thoroughly understand the requirements. Be sure to carefully analyze the information provided by the topic, find out what the topic needs to express, read the Chinese tips provided several times, understand its requirements thoroughly, reorganize the specified contents and requirements, and then express them from a suitable angle. (2) Clear the content and grasp the main points. The written expression of the college entrance examination has a characteristic, that is, the content that candidates are required to express has been clearly stated in the topic (that is, the propositional composition), and students are required to make these contents clear when doing the topic, grasp all the main points, sort out the context, and do not answer irrelevant questions or miss the key points. (3) Flexible use and appropriate expression. Written expression is different from Chinese-English translation and has greater flexibility than Chinese-English translation. When writing, students must not stick to the hard translation of raw materials, but be flexible and circuitous. Learn to be flexible and make things easier. If you say no, you will say the opposite. If it doesn't work, try another way. For example, "he failed in the exam", if you can't remember that he failed in the exam, you can change it to failed or failed in the exam. In short, you should choose the sentence you are most familiar with. (4) Check carefully and modify carefully. After finishing the composition, ask the students to check it carefully, or exchange checks at the same table and give it to the teacher for correction. When checking, we should pay attention to the following aspects: whether the genre and format are appropriate, whether the main points are omitted, whether the tense, voice, subject and predicate are consistent, whether the change of singular and plural is wrong, whether the composition of each sentence is complete, whether the spelling of words is wrong, whether the number of words meets the requirements, whether the letter can not be written as a notice, whether the explanatory text can not be written as an argumentative paper and so on.
In a word, English writing is a comprehensive ability cultivation, a comprehensive application of students' language knowledge, and a systematic project, which should run through the whole process of teaching activities. As teachers, we must persistently train students' listening, speaking, reading and writing skills for a long time, from the easy to the deep, from the easy to the difficult, step by step, in order to truly improve students' writing ability.