In the tenth year of Wanli (1582), the court cabinet recorded that Zhang died of illness, and Zhang Dingsi took the opportunity to say that Qi Jiguang should not be placed in the north, so Qi Jiguang was transferred to Guangdong by the court. In the 13th year of Wanli (1585), Zhang impeached Qi Jiguang again, so Qi Jiguang was dismissed and died after returning to China. ?
Qi Jiguang (1528165438+1October12-1588 65438+1October 5), whose name is Jing, was named Nantang, and later died. Han nationality, Penglai, Shandong (Dingyuan, Anhui, Luqiao Town, Weishan County, Jining, Shandong). Famous anti-Japanese warrior, outstanding strategist, calligrapher, poet and national hero in Ming Dynasty.
Qi Jiguang has been fighting against the Japanese pirates in the southeast coast for more than ten years, eliminating the Japanese pirates who invaded and plundered the coast for many years, and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property along the coast. Later, it fought against the northern Mongolian tribes for more than ten years, which defended the security of the northern territory and promoted the peaceful development of the Mongolian and Han nationalities. He wrote eighteen new books about Ji Xiao and fourteen practical records of training soldiers, as well as Zhi Zhi Tangji who reported to the court in different historical periods.
At the same time, Qi Jiguang is an outstanding weapon expert and military engineer. He reformed and invented all kinds of fire weapons. The warships and chariots he built made the waterway equipment of the Ming army superior to the enemy; He creatively built a hollow enemy platform on the Great Wall, which can be attacked, retreated and defended. This is a distinctive military project.
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Militarily, Qi Jiguang wrote two important military works, namely "New Book on Discipline and Efficiency" and "Practical Discipline in Training". These two books are a summary of his experience in training and fighting, and they are also teaching materials for his training. They have a high position in military science, and are included in Sikuquanshu, accounting for one tenth of military works.
When Qi Jiguang first arrived in Shandong to prepare against the enemy, he found that the Ming army was arrogant and lazy, and the soldiers were not used to fighting. Compared with the enemy who skillfully uses Japanese knives and heavy arrows, the combat effectiveness is too weak. So Qi Jiguang went to Jinhua, Yiwu and other places to recruit 3,000 farmers and personally trained them. This is the early "Qi Jiajun".
During the period when Qi Jiguang was guarding Jimen, according to the characteristics of northern nomads who were good at cavalry fighting, a chariot camp was established to restrain cavalry, and every four people pushed a chariot, refused horses and placed firearms in it. When fighting, the chariots will form a phalanx, while the "Ma bu" or horse stance just look army will use firearms to carry out long-range attacks. When the enemy cavalry approaches, the infantry will line up in front of the battle line with horse refusal devices and stab them with long guns. After the enemy is defeated, cavalry will be sent to pursue it. Qi Jiguang in the rear of the trench camp, choose the south as the pioneer, to join the guards as the coordinator. The soldiers in this town were in charge of defense, and Qi Jiguang's army was cautious and sharp, which made Jimen the first frontier fortress army at that time.
In the process of building the Great Wall in Qi Jiguang, according to the architectural idea of "adjusting measures to local conditions, controlling the blockage with risks", the wall was heightened at the low mountain; Enemy towers are built in places with steep mountains, and barriers, buttresses and horse retaining walls are added in some places, all of which are masonry structures or masonry wood structures, making this section of the Great Wall complete in facilities, firm in construction, rigorous in layout and both offensive and defensive. According to expert appraisal, Jinshanling Great Wall is the essence of the Great Wall in Wan Li, China. Barrier, brick and horse retaining wall are known as the "three wonders" of Jinshanling Great Wall.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Qi Jiguang (Ming Dynasty anti-Japanese star and national hero)