Is Li Yu, the empress of the Southern Tang Dynasty, really a descendant of the Li family of the Tang Dynasty?

Yes! The founding of the Southern Tang Dynasty can be traced back to Xu Wen, a powerful minister of the State of Wu. Xu Wen was originally the founding hero of the State of Wu (Southern Wu), but later he gradually took control of the real power of the State of Wu. When he was old, he trusted his adopted son Xu Zhigao and gradually gave him the status of heir.

Xu Zhigao’s original surname was Li and his nickname was Peng Nu. He was from Xuzhou and was said to be a descendant of the royal family of the Tang Dynasty. He was later adopted as an adopted son by Xu Wen. In 908 AD, Xu Wen killed Zhang Hao and supported Yang Wei (known as Long Yan) as the Lord of Wu. From then on, the Xu family took charge of the power of Wu. However, Xu Wen did not replace Wu, but instead maintained Wu's rule. He only sent his son Xu Zhixun to be stationed in Guangling to handle daily government affairs; he sent his adopted son Xu Zhigao to be stationed in Runzhou as a response. Major matters were decided by Xu Wen personally in Jinling. Later, Xu Zhixun was arrogant and ignorant and was killed by Zhu Jin, the uncle of Wu King Yang Wei. At this time, Xu Zhigao took the opportunity to arrive in Guangling, stabilized order, and took power on behalf of Xu Zhixun. Xu Zhigao was shrewd. He was known for his filial piety to Xu Wen and was popular among the people. When Xu Wen died in 927, Xu Zhigao imprisoned Xu Wen's son Xu Zhixun and took power on his behalf. He supported Yang Pu as the emperor of Wu, but lived in Jinling; and sent his sons Jingtong and Jingqian to Guangling successively, just like Xu Wen's old practice. In 935, Wu granted Xu Zhigao the title of King of Qi, and established the ten states of Sheng, Run, Xuan, Chi, She, Chang, Jiang, Rao, Xin, and Hai as the state of Qi. Soon after, Jinling was changed to the Western Capital and Guangling to the Eastern Capital. Nine tins were added for the King of Qi to build the emperor's banner. In 937, Xu Zhigao accepted the "concession" of Wu State, deposed Wu Emperor Yang Pu, and claimed to be emperor. His country was named Daqi, and his reign was named Minyuan. The following year, he changed his name to Li Min, changed the country's name to Tang, and was called Southern Tang in history (see Li Min, the former lord of Southern Tang). In the seventh year of Shengyuan (943), Li Min died of poisoning due to taking elixirs. He was fifty-six years old. His posthumous title was Emperor Guangwensuwu Xiaogao, his temple was named Liezong, and his mausoleum was named Yongling.

According to historical records such as "New History of the Five Dynasties", "Old History of the Five Dynasties", "Book of the Southern Tang Dynasty", "Ten Kingdoms Spring and Autumn" and other historical records, the name of the country founded by Xu Zhigao when he usurped power was Daqi, which historians call Xu together. In 939, when Xu Zhigao returned to his original surname of Li and changed his name to Li Min, he changed the country's name to Datang, which was called Southern Tang, in order to attach to the perished Tang Dynasty. However, "Zizhi Tongjian" records that when Xu Zhigao ascended the throne in 937, he took Datang as the country's name, and does not believe that Xu Qi ever existed.