1. It is said that when Laozi was born, his parents not only had big ears, but also looked strange. His eyebrows are white and he already has a beard. Look at the son he gave birth to, with white eyebrows and white beard. He is called Lao Zi.
2. In Historical Records of Justice, he had a romantic remark, saying that Li's mother was pregnant with 81 plants, born under a plum tree, and cut off her left armpit, which was very romantic. My mother is pregnant, very pregnant, how much pregnant, 8 1 year. The baby has been in his stomach for 8 1 year and will be born that day. His mother came under the plum tree. How to give birth to a child aged 8/kloc-0? She cut off her left armpit and a baby was born. Don't you think this is called Lao Zi?
Main content of the program: (original)
Content introduction:
Laozi was a great thinker in ancient China. He lived in the Spring and Autumn Period and was from Guxian County, Chu State. His influence on later generations was mainly a book called Tao Te Ching, which initiated China's ancient philosophy. However, there are not many records about Laozi himself, which creates a huge imagination space for future generations. Some people deify him, others think he is an old gentleman. There are countless legends about Laozi, and various reverie endows Laozi with too much mystery. So what is Lao Tzu really like?
As the originator of Taoism, Laozi is respected as the founder. This mythical figure has a name different from other saints. Laozi, who is different from ordinary people, can only be explained clearly in myths and legends.
Myths and legends give Laozi a lot of mysterious flavor, which is a kind of respect for predecessors and saints by future generations. So, what is the real Laozi like?
As an official who manages books in the country, Laozi has read a lot of documents and classics. During his years of managing books, the royal family of the Zhou Dynasty became weaker and weaker, and Lao Zi decided to leave the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. His decision gave birth to China's earliest philosophical works, but it also exposed the contradiction of Laozi. Laozi said in his Tao Te Ching that "the speaker is not as good as the knower", that is to say, the wise must be silent. Is Lao Zi stupid or smart?
Lao Tzu, who came out of Hanguguan, left no other information except Tao Te Ching. Until now, where Lao Tzu went in his later years and where he finally died is a historical mystery. However, his Tao Te Ching is like a mystery book, which gives future generations endless discourse space, and people may not fully understand the essence of Tao expounded in the Tao Te Ching.
The Tao Te Ching is only 5,000 words, but it covers many wonderful meanings and tells us many laws. Thousands of years have passed, and Laozi and his Tao Te Ching have been active around us. The topic of Laozi has been endlessly studied and explained, and the study of Laozi has almost become a worldwide topic.
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Does Laozi have anything to do with our modern life? Lao tze's, where is he? I once did a test on this question. I went to the mysterious temple in Suzhou and met three innocent and lively children. They looked cute at first sight, so I tested them. I said, do you know Lao Tzu? They said they knew. One of the boys said that he said that Lao Zi was my father. Another boy said, isn't Lao Zi a statue in a mysterious temple? Taoist statue? I smiled, and so did a little girl. She said, "Lao Zi" is a book, which is on my father's desk. I smiled. I just live with our three modern children, who have three different Laozi in their hearts. First, Laozi is my father. Second, Laozi is a statue of the Taoist priest. Third, Laozi is a book. Laozi is really in our life, but the kind of contact between us and Laozi, sometimes zero-distance contact, has already melted into our blood, and the distance is zero, so we didn't notice it.
Some of our comrades here like to play Tai Ji Chuan, and go to the park to play Tai Ji Chuan in the morning. They all look limp, but a master of Tai Ji Chuan can knock a big man to the ground with a gentle push. What principle? As Lao Tzu said, the weak wins the strong. You see, some people like to play Go, while others like to practice calligraphy. Calligraphers and Go experts often say, Know white and keep black. Who said that? I told you. What does it mean to know white and hide black? When writing calligraphy, the black places are words, and the white places are also words. People who write calligraphy think so. People who really know calligraphy can see that the black places are characters and the white places are characters, so you should also know white when you leave black, so that you can reach a higher level. I think people who watch Go are the same. What is the reason? This is based on one place, the overall situation, what kind of realm is this. So Laozi's wisdom melts between you and me, in our lives, in our actions, in our ideas, from doing one thing to playing boxing and Go in our park.
Comrades, if you go to Fujian, there is a mountain called Qingyuan Mountain. There is a Laojun Rock and a stone statue of Laozi in Qingyuan Mountain. It is very famous. Where is it famous? This statue is very big, and this statue is very cartoon. How to cartoon? Especially big are his two ears. Think about it, comrades. Why are Lao Tzu's ears so big? Why? Because Lao Tzu's surname is Li, and his surname is Li, his ears must have characteristics, and his ears are particularly big. Comrades, let's look at a Chinese character, the saint of saints, which is a simplified character. If we simplify it into a traditional Chinese character, the left ear is an ear, and the sage has something to do with it. If comrades are interested in writing, not only simplified characters, but also traditional characters, it will be more interesting to see Oracle Bone Inscriptions. What did you see in Oracle Bone Inscriptions? One person below, one big ear above, one big ear above. This is the sanctity of saints. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, there is a way to write the word "Saint". What does it mean that a person has a big ear and then a "mouth"? It was the ancients who regarded the concept of a saint as not only a person with good hearing and eloquence, but also a person with one ear and one mouth. Think about it, comrades. Then it gradually evolved. This man has good hearing and eloquence, which means omniscient, omniscient and omniscient, and he has become a saint. So saints are related to ears, and Lao Tzu is a saint. So we have to ask, are my ears really big? China's culture is amazing, not only touching folk stories, but also vivid myths and wonderful fairy tales.
Laozi's mother gave birth to Laozi. At first glance, the child is strange. Why are his ears so big? When his father saw it, the child's ears were too big. What name did the child give him when the couple discussed it? Li's surname is Li Er. Today, we modern people have no ears or feet, but we all have elegant names. Because the ancients were naive, this is called childlike innocence. This is human childhood, so it is very interesting. My name is Li Er, my son. So in the future, comrades will go to see sculptures, portraits, Laozi carved by sculptors, or Laozi painted by painters. You see, his ears are very big. This is a feature, so now we have another problem. Li Er, I get it. My name is Li Er. Why do you call me Lao Tzu? Think about it, comrades. Confucius is called Confucius because his surname is Kong. Mencius is called Mencius because his surname is Meng and people treat him with respect. Han Feizi is surnamed Han, so he is called Han Feizi. Xunzi is called Xunzi because his surname is Xunzi. His surname is Li. Why not call him Li Zi and Lao Zi? The question is, China's culture is so interesting, why is it called Laozi? It is said that the child was born with big ears from his parents. Strangely, his eyebrows are white, and he already has a beard, which is also white. Look at the son born, his eyebrows are white and his beard is white, so he is called Lao Zi.
And as I said just now, there are folk stories, myths and legends, and fairy tales. In Justice in Historical Records, he has a romantic statement. What are you talking about? Li's mother was pregnant with 8 1 plant, born under the plum tree and cut off her left armpit. Very romantic. My mother is pregnant, very pregnant, how much pregnant, 8 1 year. The baby has been in his stomach for 8 1 year and will be born that day. His mother came under the plum tree. How to give birth to a child aged 8/kloc-0? She cut off her left armpit and a baby was born. Don't you think this is called Lao Zi? He has been with his mother for eighty-one years. He was eighty-one years old when he was born. Of course, this is folklore, this is myth and this is fairy tale. So what should historians write about Laozi? Then let's take a look at the great historian Sima Qian. It took him 18 years to write 520,000 words and 6,500 words. He wrote a biography of China, the father of philosophy and wisdom. Sadly, he only wrote more than 450 words. You see, such a big historical record has written more than 450 words, and such a big philosopher, why? There is no way, no material, and not enough material, so he is very rigorous. How did he write it? At first, he wrote 27 words. He said: "Lao Tzu is also from Qurenli, Chuku County, Li Xiang. His surname is Li, his name is Er, and his word is Yong, which is Zhou Shoucang's history book. " These 27 words introduced his native place and surname. He said that Laozi was a bitter county of Chu, and the name of the bitter county was Qu Renli. He said his surname was Li, with a first name and a word forever. What does he mean by the history of the Zhou Dynasty in the work unit? He is the librarian of the royal state of Zhou Dynasty, and in the words of our scholars today, he is such an official who is responsible for the preservation of books. Then some scholars said that he was the director of the National Library. Well, in my opinion, he is not only a librarian, but also a place where there should be not only books, but also cultural relics and other things, just like our national library now has the National Museum and the National Archives. I think these things are combined to manage such a curator, so if you think deeply, you will find a secret. Why did he write more than five thousand words? Has become a great wisdom classic of China? It has become the great wisdom of the world, just five thousand words. Why does he have so much knowledge? Why is his thought so profound? From his occupation and work, we can find this secret. Think about it, he is the director of the national library, the director of the archives and the director of the museum. First, what he saw is far from what ordinary people can see. Of course, the books, archives and cultural relics he saw far exceeded those of ordinary people, and ordinary people could not see them. So he not only saw many things, but also saw many secret things, even confidential things. Secondly, we can think about it. As he was the curator of the National Library at that time, ordinary people at that time could not go there to look up books. Think about it, the people who came to see him must be senior intellectuals and senior scholars. It is these high-level intellectuals and high-level scholars he met who often communicate. We have a saying that it is better to study for ten years than to listen to others. Of course, his knowledge has also been enriched invisibly. Third, his position is in Beijing. His position is close to the dynasty and he is the center of political power. Think about it, he can not only know a lot of historical information, but also have frequent contact with the core of the imperial regime at that time, that is, he can get information about the times of many dynasties. In addition, Lao Tzu's talent is very smart and understanding is extremely high. Think about it. With such wisdom, such quality and such superior conditions, China's father of philosophical wisdom will certainly be born, so he has a context.
Laozi used to be the curator of the National Library, and Zhou Shouzang's room was there. Later, he watched the dynasty decline too much. If he doesn't want to do it, he will run away. Where will he go? He is going to Qin, Western Regions, Qin and Western Regions. There must be a pass called Hangu Pass. Why is it called Hanguguan? Two sides and two mountains, facing each other, with a deep and dangerous path in the middle. So this road is just like the word "letter", so it is called Hangu Pass, and it must pass through this pass. On this day, the officer guarding the customs was called Guan Lingyin Xi, also called Guan Lingyin Xi. That day, he went to the city to see it. When he saw it, a purple gas was floating in the air, and a purple gas came from Ran Ran. Guan Lingyin is very powerful. His eyes see that today is beautiful and a saint will come today. Then he looked from a distance and saw a man walking slowly on a green cow. Then he looked at the man on the back of the cow with an extraordinary expression. You can't see it from a distance. If you look carefully, isn't this Lao Tzu, the greatest thinker and philosopher of our time? I'm glad I'm here. Look, the purple gas is coming. I'm here. Then ask him, where are you going? I want to go to the state of Qin and the western regions. I can't stay.
No, if you want to leave, you must promise me one condition. Lao tze said, promise you what conditions? He said, you see, you are such a great thinker and philosopher. You didn't leave us some works, but some words. I said no, no, no, no. I don't want to stay. Don't stay. The Commissioner smiled. If you stay or not, I won't sign your passport or give you a visa. You can't go through my customs. You have to stay for a while. So this is a very troublesome thing, so there is no way, so I wrote this wonderful book called Tao Te Ching. Why did I write this book? I just said, first of all, if you don't write this book, he won't give you a visa or sign your passport. You can't go through customs. If you want to go through customs, you have to write it. Second, Guan Lingyin's words touched me a lot. I am full of knowledge and wisdom. Why don't I do something good and leave some legacy for future generations? Wouldn't that be a waste? Third, writing works should also have a bosom friend. Guan Lingyin is a person with high academic and self-cultivation. Guan Lingyin is very knowledgeable. Think about it, comrades. After a while, I knew that the distinguished guests had come. We don't know it's called purple gas, nor does it know it's called purple gas from the East, let alone noble. Of course, although this is a legend, Guan Lingyin is a very learned man. In this way, I met a bosom friend, and what I wrote was appreciated, so for several reasons, I finally decided to write it, so it took me several days to finish it. At first glance, it is more than 5,000 words, divided into 8 1 chapter and two chapters. One is called Tao Te Ching, and the other is called Tao Te Ching. Together, it is the Tao Te Ching. We call it Lao Zi for short. After writing, Guan Lingyin was extremely happy at first sight. Great, beautiful. Poetic language, profound meaning, wonderful. Guan Lingyin smiled. He said, Lao zi, I won't do this. I want to run away with you. It is said that he later gave up being a Commissioner and followed Lao Zi to the Western Regions. Later, people also saw them walking together in quicksand. Both men are learned, both men are great scholars, and both men live a long life.
So what wisdom does Lao Tzu say in the Tao Te Ching? When we open his book, the first thing we come into contact with is his Tao, the Tao, and at most, the Tao. Therefore, if we modern people are aware of the Tao and follow it, we can turn the wisdom of Laozi into our wisdom and turn the great wisdom of the ancients into the wisdom of modern people. This is a considerable fortune.
Laozi has more than 5,000 words, and there are more than 70 references to Tao. How much he values Tao, even though what is Tao? It is still controversial. What is Tao? But one thing everyone knows. Tao is the noumenon of the universe, and all the mysteries of everything come from Tao. If we know the mysteries of Tao and everything, what a happy life we live. So where is Tao? Tao is in the universe, in the teacup, in my tape recorder, in my watch, in heaven and earth. There is a saying that every grass and tree has a word, and every dish has a word. Dongguozi once asked Zhuangzi, What is Tao? What is Tao? Where is the knife? Zhuangzi a captivating smile, everywhere, Lu Yu shit drowned. This is a terrible thing. Where is Dao? Tao exists in defecation and urination. At first glance, this philosopher speaks so tacky. No, it's deep and everywhere. If we think about it carefully, isn't there a way to defecate and urinate? When the doctor looked at your stool to urinate, the problem came out. When we watch movies in the Qing Dynasty, eunuchs always hold the emperor's stool to see if the emperor is healthy, so the way is to drown. How extensive and profound it is, so it is everywhere, so Laozi is a book of wisdom. He told people Tao, argued, and hoped people would get Tao. If you are a politician, you can learn a lot by reading his books carefully. You are engaged in economics, you are engaged in education, you have to exercise, you have to educate children and so on. It is full of wisdom and can give you a kind of wisdom enlightenment.
Today, we are in such an era of rapid development. I have been away from us for thousands of years. If I stay with us, I can cross the gap of this era and communicate with us.
First of all, we can see that religious people like Laozi very much. More than 200 years ago, a Catholic priest and missionary brought the book Lao Zi to Europe. From then on, Lao Tzu began to spread abroad in Europe more than 200 years ago. There was a Roman Catholic priest who was the first to translate Laozi into Latin. We want to mention Japan in particular. The Japanese study Lao Tzu very well. I went to Japan, and they learned from Laozi very well. There was a famous Japanese Zen master named Suzuki Teitaro Daisetz in the last century. Comrades can look at his name, Suzuki. Japanese, big stupid, whose? From Laozi. He especially likes the word clumsiness. So you see there is a big mistake in his name. He likes Lao Tzu too much. How does he feel? The name is Suzuki Teitaro Daisetz. What about him? Lao Tzu is the most particular about nothing. Lao Tzu likes nothing. He often picks up a brush and writes the word "nothing". Writing the word "nothing" shows a deep understanding of "nothing". This man has a long life. He is almost a hundred years old. When he was in his nineties, there were planes flying around and giving academic reports everywhere. His students asked him, Sir, why are you so healthy? So long? He smiled and said, this is inaction. People in religious circles like Laozi, and writers also like Laozi. Look at 189 1 Russian Tolstoy, such a great writer. At that time, Petersburg had a publisher. When talking to him, he asked, he said you are really a great writer. Which writers and thinkers in the world have a great influence on you? Tolstoy said, he said that I was greatly influenced by Confucius and Mencius in China, and I was also greatly influenced by Laozi. Literati can really talk, one is great, the other is huge, only one word is missing, great, huge, you see different influences pop up.
Philosophers also like Laozi, and philosophers all over the world also like Laozi. Hegel is such a great philosopher. He said that he is Lao Tzu's philosophy. Together with Greek philosophy, as the source of world philosophy, how high do you think? There is also a great contemporary philosopher named Heidegger. His thought is different from the western tradition, but it is in tune with our Laozi's thought tradition. Lao Tzu said, "Whether there is any correlation or not, Lao Tzu always says it is beneficial or not." Seeing Lao Tzu's thoughts, he was very moved. Comrades, let's give an example. Look at this teacup. If there is no water in it. Then we will ask you, is there anything in the teacup? No. Our general knowledge was different when I came, but I said it was. Why not? I saw it. People don't understand. There is nothing in this teacup. How can it be? I said, don't you just pour water on it? Don't you just put some salt on it? Isn't it just putting sugar in it? Aren't you going to put something else in it? That's great. What do you mean? Because it is nothing, it can have it. Comrades, think about it, if this is a solid thing, a wooden knot. Can you put water in it? We can't drain water. Think about it, comrades. Because our mouths are empty, we can eat after the lecture. Rice can go in. How can we eat if our mouths are full and there is food? So there is a big secret here, that is, there is food. It is hidden in this nothingness, which is the wisdom and foresight of philosophers.
So this "nothing" is not really "nothing", but a "being" hidden in it. Comrades, think again. We opened a window and a hole in the wall. After we open this hole, right? No, it is empty. But I found this wisdom, which is nothing. Wouldn't it be boring if we didn't have a window in the whole room? It is more comfortable because there are no windows and holes. There is air circulation, isn't there? This thought shows Heidegger, which is too consistent, confidant. So he appreciates Lao Tzu's thoughts and is in tune with them. He began to translate Laozi's philosophy in western languages and often pondered it. How to use China's classical words in modern western languages, instead of simply passing them on, and write a few sentences in his office and study to calm Summer Xu down? Who can explain? It's too profound. Who can put a muddled thing, a messy thing, I can calm it down and slowly calm it down. Who can turn a pool of stagnant water into a ball, lift it and make it lively? Who can? This is Lao Tzu's words, too profound. Comrades, think about this wisdom. One unit, one enterprise, it's a mess. I went, so did you. I remember the word Lao zi, such a muddy unit. After I went, I gradually calmed down, finished it, and the welfare went up. Everyone is very happy. But if you are happy, everyone will be lazy and enjoy happiness. Who can stir up the waves of life in this calm environment and make it full of vitality forever? So if you look at this philosopher and see these two philosophical words of Laozi, how can he not be excited, moved or impulsive? Therefore, Lao Tzu is not only with us, but also with people all over the world. I'll stop here for this lecture. Thank you.