Honda Tadakatsu? Kana? ほんだただかつ? Romaji? Honda? Tadakatsu Honda Tadakatsu (1548~1610): a famous general in the Warring States period, known as "the most powerful general in the Warring States period" and "ghost" "Heihachi", one of the Four Tokugawa Kings (Tadaji Sakai, Naomasa Ii and Yasumasa Sakakihara) and the Three Great Tokugawa Heroes (Naomasa Ii and Yasumasa Sakakihara). Born in Mikawa on February 8, the 17th year of Tenmon (1548), Honda was the eldest son of Tadaka. His childhood name was Nanosuke, and he was commonly known as Heihachiro. ? The Tokugawa family at that time was still called the Matsudaira clan, and they were subordinate to the "Giant of the East China Sea" Imagawa Yoshimoto. The Matsudaira family had been weak since the Qing Kang Dynasty, and was caught between the Oda clan of Owari and the Imagawa clan of Tokai. Because the Matsudaira clan fell to the Imagawa clan, the family governor Hirohintada was murdered (some say he committed suicide), and his youngest son Takechiyo (Tokugawa Ieyasu's nickname) became a hostage of the Imagawa clan. The Matsudaira retainers naturally became the vanguard of the Imagawa clan to fight against the Orishi clan. Tian family. When Tadakatsu was not yet born, Tadaka, Tadakatsu's father, fought in Anxiang Castle against Oda Nobhide. In the end, he was hit by many arrows and died of massive bleeding. He was only twenty-two years old. Before his death, he shouted "Nabe Rib, you must become an outstanding person". "Samurai!" After losing his father, Zhongsheng and his mother Xiaoye moved to Dongcun, where they learned calligraphy, martial arts, marksmanship and other skills. In the first year of Hongzhi (1555), eight-year-old Zhongsheng went to Miaoyuan Temple and learned Sun Tzu's art of war from the monk Qingquan. He completed the course the next year and was praised as a genius by Qingquan, so he began to wander around Sanhe. In the autumn of the third year of Hongji (1557), Tadakatsu was summoned as a valet by Matsudaira Motoyasu, who had just entered the Yuan Dynasty. Tadakatsu was just ten years old at that time. Since then, Tadakatsu has been following Motoyasu (Ieyasu) and became an indispensable confidant. In the second year of Eiroku (1559), the twelve-year-old Tadakatsu Yuanfu. In May of the following year, Yoshimoto prepared to go to Luo and began to plan to cross Owari. On the 19th, Tadakatsu followed Yuanyasu to transport grain and grass to Dagao Castle, preparing to attack Enter Owari. Just when Oda Shi sent troops to disrupt the situation, Motoyasu and others went out to meet the Oda army, which also became Tadakatsu's first formation. Tadakatsu fought bravely in this battle and won the praise of many Matsudaira veterans, and Tadakatsu's martial bravery first appeared. ? After Yoshimoto was attacked and killed in the Battle of Okehama in the third year of Eiroku (1560), the Imagawa clan was on the verge of collapse. In addition, the new family governor Zhenzhen did not take active actions, which caused the surrounding anti-Imagawa forces to suddenly reverse. Matsudaira Motoyasu was no exception. When Ujizhen offered to return Okazaki Castle to win over Motoyasu, Motoyasu (who had been renamed Ieyasu) had independent ambitions. Finally, Ieyasu decided to become independent and join the anti-Imagawa ranks. In the fourth year of Eiroku (1561), Ieyasu sent troops to attack Mikawa Nagasawa Castle. Tadakatsu followed his uncle Honda Taduma to attack the city general Ohara Hizen, who was guarding the town. Tadakatsu attacked enemy soldiers everywhere during the battle. Tadama stepped forward to guard the city in order to avoid accidents. The captured enemy general's head was surrendered to Zhong Sheng, and said: "Zhong Sheng, all we need to do in the war is to obtain the enemy general's head!" Zhong Sheng was furious after hearing this, and angrily said to Zhong Zhen: "I will use the head that others gave me." What does it count as your own merit?" Then he immediately rode into the enemy's formation, and soon took the newly captured enemy's head and said to Zhongzhen: "A warrior's merit should be earned by himself, how can he accept it from others?" Ieyasu was overjoyed to learn about this incident later and greatly appreciated Tadakatsu's bravery. ? In the fifth year of Eiroku (1562), Matsudaira Motoyasu and Oda Nobunaga formed the famous "Seiyasu Alliance". When Motoyasu arrived at Seisu City, the Oda clan's retainers and soldiers did not respect Ieyasu, and Tadakatsu was Seeing this, he immediately stepped forward and shouted: "The Motoyasu Temple in Mikawa and the Oda Temple in Owari have formed an alliance as a friendship. I came here to pay my respects today. You don't know how to treat me politely. Instead, you are rude. This is Is this the way to treat allies? Please discipline yourself!" Such a loud shout shocked the soldiers and retainers on the scene, and the whole place was silent, and Yuan Yasu was also very happy.
? After the Qingzhou Alliance, Ieyasu focused on pacifying and unifying Mikawa, and implemented a series of improvements for this purpose. However, due to too hasty implementation, it finally became Mikawa Ichikui in September of the next year, and the Ichikai clan was disrupted everywhere. Ieyasu immediately ordered Tadakatsu and Kanbaru Yasumasa and others sent out troops to fight for peace. Tadakatsu set out wearing the newly made deer horn pocket and the famous gun "Dragonfly Kiri" newly given by Ieyasu. When the crowd saw Tadakatsu, they shouted "This is Heihachiro of Dragonfly Kiri!" and immediately In December, Tadakatsu and others attacked Yikui's base, Jigongji Temple and Shougenji Temple, and defeated its leader, Hoshiya Hanzhi. Mikawa Yikui was declared peaceful. After the war, Ieyasu discussed his merits and rewards at Miaogen Temple, and Tadakatsu won. With the feeling of "the most meritorious service", he has since been recognized as the most powerful general of the Matsudaira family. ? After pacifying Ichiku, Ieyasu continued his efforts to unify Mikawa. He first captured Yoshihara Castle, and then captured Tahara Castle in February of the eighth year of Eiroku (1565) to unify Mikawa. After fully possessing Mikawa, Ieyasu began to expand externally. Because the Imagawa clan was really incompetent, Ieyasu planned to send troops to distant rivers. At the same time, Ieyasu gave the 19-year-old Tadakatsu thirty-six thousand koku in April of the following year, and appointed Tadakatsu as the captain of the cavalry, proving Ieyasu's recognition of Tadakatsu's contribution. Zhongsheng, who became the captain of the cavalry, was not complacent. Instead, he became more active and led the cavalry to the countryside for field training every day. In order to strengthen the speed of the cavalry, Zhongsheng even conducted speed training and led his cavalry galloping in the fields. Therefore, Zhengsheng was called the "Flying General of Mikawa"; in order to enhance combat effectiveness, Tadakatsu also included artillery shooting training in addition to cavalry training, which greatly improved the combat effectiveness of Mikawa soldiers. ?In November of the 10th year of Eiroku (1567), Ieyasu reorganized the organization of retainers and legions, and Tadakatsu was included as one of the seven generals directly under Ieyasu's main formation. In the 11th year of Eiroku (1569), after the siege of Hamana, Hikimano and other castles, Tadakatsu and Sakakibara Yasumasa were ordered to send troops to launch a campaign to attack Kakegawa Castle and Tengata Castle. At the end of June, they siege the Tombs and Takaten Shrine Castle. , Yuanjiang was finally basically pacified. At that time, Oda Nobunaga was seeking peace with the Mino Saito clan, moving towards Kamiro, and supported Ashikaga Yoshiaki as the fifteenth shogun. However, due to the return of Asai Nagasawa to Asakura and other anti-Oda forces, Nobunaga was forced to retreat from Vietchu. , the famous "Kanazaki Queen" occurred. Ieyasu returned to assist Kinoshita Hideyoshi in the rear to repel the pursuing enemy troops. Tadakatsu also led the artillery team to assist in the battle and successfully retreated. Soon after, the angry Nobunaga was killed in the first year of Motogame (1570). The Battle of Anegawa began in June, and Ieyasu, as an ally of Nobunaga, also joined the war. On the 22nd, Tadakatsu followed Ieyasu to send troops to Hamamatsu. On the 27th, he joined Oda Shi in Anesawa. On the 28th, In the official battle of Japan, Tadakatsu led a single cavalry to fight against the enemy general Naotaka Masaki, defeated him, and assisted Oda. The Tokugawa Allied Forces won. After the war, Nobunaga said to Ieyasu in a military meeting: "It is Mikawa's credit for the actual battle, but I learned that your family has a young general wearing the Kabuto of Antlers who fights bravely. No matter what, please let me fight with him." "How do you feel about it?" After Ieyasu summoned Tadakatsu into the account, Nobunaga praised him: "Honda Heihachiro, Nobunaga learned about today's battle. You fought bravely and courageously. You are really the 'Japanese Fei'!" He also poured a glass of wine for Tadakatsu as a reward, which showed Tadakatsu's bravery and impressed even the pretentious Nobunaga. ? After the Battle of Anekawa, Ieyasu returned to Mikawa. Due to his alliance with Uesugi and his old age, Takeda Shingen finally decided to raise troops to Luo, and first attacked Mikawa and Toe. On October 3rd of the third year of Gengame (1572), Takeda was in Kai sent troops, and soon the Battle of Mikatahara broke out. On the 13th, Tadakatsu, Okubo Tadayo, Naito Nobunari and others blocked Baba Nobuka's attack at Ichinozaka. After the Battle of Mikatahara, they led the troops to the rear to ensure Ieyasu's successful retreat. Tadakatsu Katsu fought until the end, and after learning that Ieyasu had retreated to Hamamatsu, he ordered the burning of private houses to impede Takeda's advance, and then led his cavalry back alone. After the war, Takeda Shingen held a military meeting, and his disciple Kosugi Sakon praised Tadakatsu for his fighting spirit: "Tokugawa Ieyasu is outstanding in two ways, one is his Tang no Tou Kabuto, and the other is Honda Heihachi! Some Takeda retainers marveled: "A daimyo as weak as Ieyasu has two things he shouldn't have. One is precious animal furs imported from other places, and an outstanding retainer like Honda Heihachiro!" Tadashi, who was twenty-four years old at the time! Therefore, Sheng's martial name was Wei Zhenjia and Junzhou.
In the sixth year of the Keicho period (1601), Tadakatsu was transferred from the title of Kami Shoudaishi to the Ise-sanme Castle Shikakusoku to monitor Toyotomi Hideyori and the Daimyo of the Toyotomi family. On February 12, the eighth year of Keicho (1603), Ieyasu officially became the General of the Conquest of the Barbarians. The following year, Tadakatsu requested to return to Kuwana for retirement on the grounds of eye disease and physical uneasiness. However, he still had correspondence with Ieyasu. In the fourth year (1609), Zhongsheng officially lived in seclusion, gave up the position of family governor to his first son Zhongzheng, and left the 50,000 shi that Dadu was happy to his second son Zhongchao. After living in seclusion, Tadakatsu fell in love with carving wood carvings. However, he accidentally cut his hand once, and the wound was eventually infected by bacteria, causing complications. This warrior who had never been injured in battle finally died in the 15th year of Qingchang due to his first injury. (1610) He died of illness in Sangming City on October 18th, ending his brave and courageous life at the age of sixty-three. His Buddhist name was "The great layman Pi Yuliangxin in front of the West Bank Temple". He became the longest-lived among the Four Tokugawa Kings. Five years later, Tokugawa Ieyasu finally defeated Toyotomi Ember at the Battle of Osaka and became the only overlord in Japan. After Tadakatsu, the Honda clan became the governor of the family from Tadamasa, and soon he was transferred to Harima Himeji, Yamato Koriyama, Mutsu Fukushima, Echigo Murakami, Mikawa Kariya, Shimotsou Furukawa, Iwami Hamada, and finally returned to Mikawa Okazaki Domain , another branch of the Honda Tadashi family was transferred to Harima Tatsuno. Later, because the clan had no heirs, he returned to Himeji to become an heir. There were another branch family, but basically the direct line of Honda was cut off, and the main family was separated from Mizunaka. Tokugawa Yorimoto (grandson of Yorifusa) of Totokugawa became the heir, and then Honda Tadayei of the neighboring family succeeded. However, three generations later, the son of Sanada Nobuhiro of Shinano Matsushiro Domain entered the heir (Honda Tadayei) until The end of the Tokugawa period. ? Honda Tadakatsu was known by later generations as "Honda Heihachi, the only fierce general in the Eastern Kingdom, and Tachibana Munege, the only fierce general in the Western Kingdom." In history, or in the eyes of later generations, they are all dominated by the image of martial arts. Honda Masanobu of the same clan once faced him. Tadakatsu was criticized for his bravery and lack of strategy, but in the eyes of major enemies such as Nobunaga, Shingen and Hideyoshi, they all admired Tadakatsu's calm deployment and combat arrangements. In addition, Tadakatsu was also famous for building castles, such as Okazaki and Toki. All were run by Tadakatsu. To be fair, if Tokugawa Ieyasu had not had Tadakatsu’s assistance and a desperate fight, the Tokugawa family might have perished as early as the Battle of Mikatahara; plus he had repeatedly fought in battles with huge differences in the number of soldiers. It is often possible to defeat a large number of people with a small number. This cannot be achieved by relying solely on personal bravery. Therefore, later historians also compared Honda Tadakatsu to "Japan's Zhao Zilong". This may be more appropriate! ? Honda Tadakatsu made people fearful. Whether it was Mikawa, Anegawa or other wars, people's expressions changed when they saw Shikaku Kabuto, Dragonfly Kiri or Tadakatsu's Zhongkui horse seal. In the fifty-six battles, no one had ever seen this. Injured, some people even called Tadakatsu the incarnation of "Hachiman Bodhisattva". Once, when Tadakatsu was ordered to attack Yoshida Castle in Imagawa, he saw a young samurai fighting with him, but he was always defeated. Tadakatsu In the end, Sheng did not kill him, but instead accepted him as a retainer. In any case, there is no doubt about Honda Tadakatsu’s contribution to the establishment of the Tokugawa world. ?Maybe Osaka Winter Formation and Osaka Summer Formation Tadakatsu are still alive, and it will be difficult for Sanada Yukimura to break into Ieyasu’s main formation!
[Edit this paragraph] Character relationship Father: Honda Tadaka? (? ~ November 9, 1549) When he went out with Oda Nobhide's Peace Castle with Imagawa, he was hit by an arrow and died of excessive blood loss. . He was 22 years old. ? Mother: Xiaoye? The daughter of Uemura Shiyoshi. After Zhonggao died, he remarried and gave birth to a daughter. ?Master: Nagasaka Hikoro, Ieyasu's grandfather served in the Matsudaira family during the Qingyang period. When he joined the Honda team, he was already a fierce general who had obtained 93 heads, and was known as "Blood Gun Kuro". Taught Tadakatsu sword, spear and other combat skills, as well as various tactics of war. What happened next is unknown. In 1590, when Ieyasu moved to Kanto, Hikogoro and Nakane Heaemon Nobogen became the elders of the Honda family. The year of his birth is unknown. After his death, he was buried in Okazaki Myogenji Temple together with Tadakatsu's grandfather and father Tadaka. His legitimate son Cha Rikuro Tadashō then served as an official for the fourth generation of Tadakatsu. ?Uncle: Honda Tadama? (1530-October 22, 1572) The younger brother of Tadaka, Tadakatsu's father. Tadazhen became the lord of Okazaki Castle when Tadakatsu was 4 years old. After Tadaka died in battle, he took over from his brother to educate Tadakatsu as a warrior. He imparted to Tadakatsu the knowledge necessary to succeed the Honda clan, such as reading and the experience of Matsudaira retainers. In 1557, Tadakatsu was sent to Sunfu, giving him the nickname of Ieyasu (who was a hostage at the time).
In 1560, after the Battle of Okehazama, Ieyasu returned to Okazaki Castle. Zhongsheng was allowed to return to Qiancheng to practice again. Later, Tadakatsu was incorporated into the flag corps under his command. In 1566, after the entire territory of Mikawa was pacified, Tadakatsu was promoted to the rank of Hatamoto's vanguard, commanding the same banner troops as Tadazhen. In 1572, Tadama served as a member of the Tadakatsu Regiment in the original battle between the three parties, and died in the battle against the pursuing Takeda army. He was 42 years old. ? Sister: Name, date of birth, etc. unknown. Married to an elder of the Honda family: Nakane Heaemon Tadama. Main wife: Honta Yuku: the daughter of Achi and Eemon Genrui. In October 1569, Ieyasu married Tadakatsu. They have Zhongzheng, Zhongchao and a daughter. ? Side chamber: Otome? The daughter of Matsushita Yaichi, a retainer of the Matsudaira family. In 1566, Tadakatsu served as the captain of the young equestrian team and married Tomoyuki after receiving 36,000 koku from the servant Yashiki of Kuromikado in Okazaki Castle. Later, Tadakatsu was transferred to Ise Kuwana, and his wife, Yuku, and his second son, Tadashi, stayed in Daiki Castle, and Otome accompanied them. They have four daughters including Xiaosong. ? The eldest son: Honda Tadamasa? (1575 ~ 1631) Heihachiro. (Heihachiro is the name of each head of the Honda family) Mino Mamoru. In 1590, he accompanied his father Tadakatsu to Odawara to pacify the Kanto cities. The first battle was at Iwatsuki Castle (Ota clan house) and beheaded. In 1600, during the Sekigahara War, 2,500 Shuai Honda soldiers accompanied Hidetada. Together with Nobuyuki Sanada, he went to Ueda Castle where Sanada Masayuki and Yukimura were stationed to persuade them to surrender. After the War of Sekigahara, he went to Ise Kuwana with his father. Tadamasa's first wife was Kumonhime, the son of Ieyasu's eldest son, Nobuyasu, and Oda Nobunaga's daughter, Tokuhime. The eldest son (grandson of Zhongsheng) Zhongke. In 1610, he took over as the governor of the family and became the lord of Kuwana City. In 1617, it was transferred to the lord of Harima Himeji Castle with 150,000 koku. ?Aged 57 years old. ? Second son: Honda Tadashi (1582-May 1615) internal record. Izumo Mamoru. In 1600, during the war of Sekigahara, he and his father Tadashi set up a formation with the nineteen-female Kachi. He is 19 years old. ?After the war, I received 50,000 shi from Daxicheng. In 1614, Osaka Winter Formation participated in the war. In 1615, Osaka fought to his death in the Summer Battle. He was 34 years old. Kishi Yuryoshigen Sankoin. ? Eldest daughter: Honda Komatsu? (1573 ~ February 24, 1620) married Sanada Nobuyuki (also known as Sanada Nobuyuki, the eldest son of Sanada Masayuki) in the name of Ieyasu's adopted daughter. On February 24, 1620, he died of illness in Hongzhichao, Kusatsu, Shangzhou. He was 48 years old. The name of the Dharma is the Great Lotus Temple, and the hero is known as Haoyue Zen Dingni. ? Second daughter: name, date of birth, etc. unknown. Married to Aoping Dashan doctor Jiachang. ? The other three daughters: ? Zhongsheng and his wife Yujiu, one daughter, and the concubine Otome's two daughters. Name, date of birth, etc. unknown. Two of them married retainers Matsushita Shigetsuna and Kamosehei respectively. ? The Four Tokugawa Kings: Sakai Tadashi, Honda Tadakatsu, Sakakihara Yasumasa, Ii Naomasa