Tang Bohu is good at landscapes, figures, flowers and birds. His landscape paintings were studied by Zhou Chen in his early years, and later by Li Tang and Liu Songnian, and were reformed. He painted mountains and rivers with a small axe, majestic and steep, but with fine brushwork, dense layout and elegant and handsome style. Figure paintings are mostly ladies and historical stories, inheriting the tradition of the Tang Dynasty, with clear lines, gorgeous and elegant colors, beautiful posture and accurate modeling; He is also a freehand brushwork figure, and his pen is concise and interesting. His flower-and-bird paintings are freehand and elegant. In addition to painting, Tang Yin also engaged in calligraphy, learning from Zhao Mengfu, and his calligraphy style was fantastic and handsome. There are some paintings that have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Riding a Donkey Home, Singing in the Mountain Road, Mingming, Uncle Wang's Palace Prostitute, Li Duanduan's Mansion, Autumn Fan, Baimeitu, Qiuci Hutu, and Cross-Strait Peak Green Map.
Tang Bohu also made great achievements in literature. Gong's poems have been written for many years, and his paintings and sentimental works express his wild and uninhibited mind and indifference to the world. Slang and slang are used in poetry, which is easy to understand and simple in meaning. He is the author of the Collection of Six Confucian Interpretations, and the Complete Works of Six Confucian Interpretations was compiled in Qing Dynasty.
Tang Bohu's life: Tang Bohu's ancestral home is Jinchang, which is now Jincheng, Shanxi. Therefore, in his calligraphy and painting, the word "Jinchang Tang Yin" is often written. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the Tang family moved south and began to do business in Nanjing and Suzhou. Tang Bohu was born in a businessman's family in Wuchi, Wuxian, Suzhou. Tang Bohu had three wives in his life. /kloc-married Xu Tingrui's second daughter Xu at the age of 0/9, but died around the age of 24. Later, I may marry another room, but I left because of cheating in the examination room. After marrying Shen Shi or nine niang, Tang Bohu was gifted at an early age. He is familiar with the four books and five classics and is proficient in historical records. 65-year-old, 438+06, the top scholar, sensational Suzhou city. At the age of 29, he went to Nanjing to take the provincial examination and won the first place in Xieyuan. Just when he was full of ambition, he went to Beijing for the exam the next year, but he was unlucky because he was involved in the fraud case in the examination room.
Details of "Examination Case": Cheng and Li Dongyang are examiners for the Beijing Examination. Both of them are well-read, and the questions are so obscure that many candidates can't answer them. There are only two papers, which are not only properly answered, but also elegantly worded, which makes Cheng blurt out with joy: "These two papers belong to Tang Yin." This sentence was heard by the people present and dispersed. In addition, because Xu and Tang's actions in Beijing were remarkable, they immediately became famous all over the city after three exams, and it was widely rumored that "Jiangyin rich man paid bribes to get the test questions in advance". When giving lectures to Huachang, he hurriedly impeached the examiner Cheng. Jinghe. Ming Xiaozong ordered Cheng not to read the questions, and the recorded papers were reviewed by Li Dongyang, a university student, together with other examiners. As a result, Xu and Tang Dou were not admitted. Although the theory of the topic is false, public opinion is still very noisy. In order to calm public opinion, the Ming court tried with Jin Yiwei and found no evidence. Finally, when he went to Beijing to meet Cheng, he gave him a gift. He also used a gold coin to ask Cheng for documents and sent them to the main girder library of the provincial capital, so that both of them were removed from the official history and became county officials. Cheng was therefore dismissed from office and returned to China. Warwick was also demoted for playing with unreal things. A large prison in the imperial examination hall was locked up, and each prison had 50 boards. After the incident, all three defendants refused to accept it, and Cheng returned to China and died of anger and gangrene. Tang Yin is ashamed of not being an official. When he came home, the husband and wife turned against each other and were negative and decadent. He built a "Taohuawu" to entertain himself.
After Xu Jing added Wu Cheng, he studied behind closed doors and wrote Ben Gan Ji to express his ambition. When Emperor Xiaozong died in 1505, Xu Jing looked forward to the new emperor's pardon and hoped to return to the imperial examination career. The following year, Mu Sima Qian went to Beijing to inquire for information in the name of Qi, Lu, Yan and Zhao Zhuang. However, due to the frustration of the examination hall, the physical condition is getting worse every day, and the journey is tiring. Arrived in Beijing, fell ill in yongfu temple, died in the capital city in the year of Taizu in Zhengding (AD 1507), and was buried in Shashan, Jiangyin. Five thirtieth. There are many records and different accounts about this case. In fact, this is the result of the internal struggle of the ruling class. "Biography of Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty" said: "Or the prison of sensitive politics, Fu Han wants to seize its position, so that it can be played and the secret can't be clear." But there is no doubt that this incident is extremely serious for Tang Bohu. From then on, Tang Bohu decided to pursue a career. After returning home, he was addicted to wine, traveled to famous mountains and rivers, and determined to be a companion of poetry, painting and calligraphy all his life.
In the 13th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1500), Tang Bohu left Suzhou and arrived in Zhenjiang by boat. From Zhenjiang to Yangzhou, he visited places of interest such as Slender West Lake and Pingshan Hall. Then take a boat along the river and cross Wuhu and Jiujiang to Lushan Mountain. The magnificent scenery of Lushan Mountain left a deep impression on Tang Bohu. This was fully reflected in his later paintings. He returned to Huangzhou by boat and saw the remains of Battle of Red Cliffs. Tang Bohu's Red Cliff Map was drawn on this basis. Later, he went south to Hunan, boarded Yueyang Tower and visited Dongting Lake. And climb Mount Hengshan in Nanyue south. Re-entering Fujian, roaming the famous mountains of Wuyi and Jiulihu in Xianyou County. Tang Bohu turned from Fujian to Zhejiang, visited Yandang Mountain and Tiantai Mountain, crossed the sea to Putuo, and then returned to Anhui, Huangshan and Jiuhua Mountain along Fuchun River and Xin 'anjiang River. By this time, Tang Bohu had spent all his money and had to return to Suzhou. Tang Bohu's trip to Wan Li Road lasted more than 9 months, and he traveled all over the famous mountains and rivers, adding a lot of materials for his later paintings.
Back in Suzhou, my family was poor, and my wife made a scene and finally left him. He lives in a small building on the street corner of Qufang Wu, entertaining himself, getting along with painters and selling paintings for a living. He wrote in a poem: "No alchemy, no meditation, no ploughing for merchants." If you have time, write a picture of Danqing and sell it. There is no money on the earth. "To show indifference to fame and fortune, specializing in free reading and selling paintings. When Tang Yin was thirty-six, he chose Taohuawu in the north of the city, built an elegant and leisurely home, and lived a crazy life. Taohuawu was originally a bamboo slip villa in Zhangzhuang, Song Dynasty, which has gone through many vicissitudes and is now in ruins. But the scenery here is pleasant and the environment is quiet. A clear stream flows, and several wild peach willows die by the stream, which is quite interesting in Shan Ye. The following year, Tang Bohu built Taohuawu Villa with the money from selling paintings. Although there are only a few huts, elegant plaques are hung under the eaves, such as Xuepu Hall, Mengmo Pavilion and Butterfly Zhai. Tang Bohu loved peach blossoms all his life. The villa was named "Peach Blossom Temple", and he named himself "Lord of Peach Blossom Temple" and wrote "Song of Peach Blossom Temple": "Peach Blossom Fairy nurtures peach trees and collects them for drinking. When you wake up, you just sit in front of the flowers, and when you are drunk, you come to sleep under the flowers. Half drunk and half awake day after day, flowers bloom year after year. ..... "In spring, flowers are in full bloom in the garden. He invited Shen Zhou, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and others to come here to drink and write poems, paint with a brush, and break up happily. "Drink like day, drink when you come, don't ask, fall asleep when you are drunk." ("Zhu Yunming's Epitaph of Tang Ziwei") At this time, Tang Bohu was at leisure and detached.
In the ninth year of Ming Dynasty (15 14), he was recruited to Nanchang by Wang Ning, the imperial clan of Ming Dynasty. Later, he found himself caught in a political conspiracy in Wang Ning, so he pretended to be crazy, escaped and returned to his hometown. Later, Wang Ning rebelled against the imperial court and was pacified. Fortunately, Tang Bohu escaped this fatal disaster, but it also caused a lot of trouble. Since then, my thoughts have gradually become depressed and I have turned to Buddhism. Since then, he has been named "Liu Rusi", and the seal of the autonomous party is "Escape from Zen Immortal".
After returning from Nanchang, I was sick all the year round and couldn't paint often. Besides, I can't keep a house, so my life is very difficult. I even often borrow money from my friends Zhu Zhishan and Wen Zhiming. During this period, the famous calligrapher Wang Chong often came to help and married Tang Bohu's only daughter, which became the happiest thing for Tang Bohu in his later years.
In the second year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1523), at the age of 54, his health was even worse. This autumn, at the invitation of his friends, he went to the Wangs' home in Dongshan. However, there are two sentences in Su Dongpo's original work: "A hundred years is strong and a half, and there will be no more pain in the future", which just touched Tang Bohu's mood. He was sad for a while, and fell ill after leaving home, and soon ended his miserable life. After his death, he was buried in Taohuawu North. Jiajing moved to Hengtang Town, Wang Jiacun in 26 years. After his death, his relatives and friends Wang Chong, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and others raised funds for the funeral. Zhu Yunming wrote an epitaph of more than a thousand words, which was written by Wang Chong and engraved on a stone tablet. Most of Tang Bohu's life stories in later generations were obtained from this epitaph. Tang Yin's political career was bumpy and his old age was bleak, so that his poems were almost scattered behind him. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the poems and people admired by Changshu booksellers spared no expense to collect and sort out poems and songs for him. Fu Zi read nearly 100 poems of Tang Bohu before his death, which gave Tang Bohu the first complete collection of poems handed down from generation to generation. Luoyang paper was expensive for some time. Later, a famous publishing bibliophile in Jiangnan. Jin Mao, a bookseller in Changshu, also appreciates Tang Yin's talent. When cataloging Chronicle of Poetry in Ming Dynasty and Wen Yuan in Ancient and Modern Times, he collected Tang Bohu's poems and anecdotes in particular, enriching and perfecting Tang Bohu's poems and accumulating vivid cultural materials for future generations.
Jin Mao later independently undertook the task of rebuilding Tang Bohu's mausoleum. According to the Records of Suzhou Prefecture, on March 16th, in Shen Jia, scholars from Chongzhen, Jinmao and the same county visited Wang Jiacun, Hengtang and Gusu. Because of the barren thorns in Tang Bohu's tomb, a generation of talented cattle and sheep were exiled to the cemetery, and they suddenly felt pity. He inquired in nearby Fu Tian, only to know that after Tang Bohu's death, there was only one grandniece and widow among the heirs, who was trapped in the city because of financial difficulties, so that there was a shortage of sacrifices in Tang Bohu in four seasons. Jin Mao lamented sadly: "This is the sin of being a friend. People who have read Bo Hu's articles for thousands of years are all his friends. Why bother? " Therefore, Jin Mao generously donated money, rebuilt the tomb seal, set up a stone tablet, and built three ancestral temples next to the tomb. Lei Qijian, a local official in Suzhou, wrote an inscription "Rebuilding the Tomb of Xie Yuan in Tang Dynasty", saying "Those who prefer to leave the stone behind forever."