1, browse (measure)
Before reading a book formally, readers can get a preliminary understanding of the main contents of the book through a quick browse. Browsing will help you understand the organizational form of reading materials, determine the best reading method you need, organize your thinking process quickly and efficiently, and achieve your reading goals.
Step 2 skim the floating foam
When readers don't have enough time, enough interest, or there is no need to read some materials carefully at all, they will read at a fast speed and omit some content to get the general idea of the article and the content they need. Generally speaking, it is much better to skim a subject a lot than to read a book or two carefully, which can help you gain more knowledge in a short time.
If it is an article of four or five thousand words, readers should read all the first paragraph or the first two paragraphs as quickly as possible in order to make clear the overall background of the article. Then quickly browse the first sentence or the first few lines of each paragraph, because topic sentences are usually at the beginning and end of the paragraph. Many sentences can be omitted in the following paragraphs, and the last paragraph usually contains a summary of the full text, so be sure to read it comprehensively. The speed of skimming is roughly twice as fast as the ordinary speed, but the understanding rate is low, because the purpose of skimming is to get the theme of the article as quickly as possible.
Step 3 scan
It is mainly used to find some information from materials without reading all the materials. For example, find TV programs in newspapers, look up phone books and look up new words in dictionaries. The purpose of reading is to find out the data and information quickly and accurately, and to memorize the prompt words to avoid the interference of irrelevant words and thoughts. You should read it carefully when you find it.
In order to save time, readers must be familiar with the arrangement order of materials. Some are sorted alphabetically, such as dictionaries and indexes; Some of them are arranged logically, such as the program table and historical materials arranged in chronological order.
Step 4 study
Germany Planck said: "Reading without thinking is equal to eating without digesting." When it is necessary to evaluate the works or absorb the ideas and theories of the full text, it is necessary to conduct detailed and speculative research.
Readers must be careful when studying, and sometimes they need to stop to reread or think, remember and understand the meaning between words, so as to fully understand the material. Rereading should be done at a fast reading speed.
In addition, readers must pay attention to four aspects when reading efficiently:
1, flexible reading style.
Efficient reading is to flexibly choose browsing, skimming, searching or learning according to the purpose of reading, the type and difficulty of materials, and comprehensively adopt the method that suits you best, so as to accurately find what you need from materials without wasting a little time and energy.
Bacon said: "Some books are to be tasted, some books can be swallowed, and some books are to be chewed and digested." In other words, it is enough to read only part of some books, some books can be read completely, but you don't have to read too carefully, and a few books should be read completely, diligently and attentively.
Biology textbooks can't be read at the speed of reading novels, and reading novels doesn't have to be entangled in a new word. For example, you read a book from beginning to end, select the essence part, the part that you don't understand and need to understand, the part that inspires you the most and has the closest relationship, and chew it carefully; Read fast, rough and shallow where you don't need to read slowly, carefully or deeply. Shallow is shallow, deep is deep, and fast, thick, shallow, slow, thin and deep are combined.
2. Think about the whole process.
Lev? Tolstoy: "Knowledge is true only if it is acquired through positive thinking rather than memory."
Reading is not a simple mechanical repetition, but a thinking process. Therefore, when reading, we should know why we study, what we will get from reading, and constantly think, evaluate, judge, imagine and reason to solve problems.
3. Drawing notes of key points.
Dotting and underlining can not only enhance the reading effect while reading the questions raised, but also provide memory clues for rereading or reviewing in the future. Because there may be no time when you re-read, you need to reread the full text. You just need to underline the part to remember the outline of the content.
Reading is generally divided into two steps. ① First reading marks: When grasping the overall context for the first time, draw the main points, difficulties and doubts with a pencil. (2) Re-reading and finishing: review the main points, study the difficulties, and think about the doubts made the first time. Then sort out the first reading marks, go where you should go and add what you should add. At this time, I have a deeper understanding of the reading materials.
There is not much skill in drawing lines. If the page is full of lines, it will have no effect, but cover the main points.
Generally, lines are drawn in a color different from black characters, such as a red pen. Some people like to cover keywords with light-colored and thick-core keys, and they can use the graphic thinking of the right brain to deepen their memory. But pay attention to the bright and soft colors, not too deep and dazzling, so as not to affect your eyesight. You can also write margin notes and eyebrow pencil at the edge of the page, with the purpose of asking questions to arouse your thinking or writing down your thoughts. There shouldn't be too many words.
4. Summarize in reading.
Induction refers to the reader's mastery of books in the process of reading, from thin to thick, from here to there, from virtual to real, from coarse to fine. Therefore, every student learns to summarize every article and every material in the practice of learning fast reading.