Honesty means not deceiving yourself. I hate evil as much as I hate foul smells, and I like kindness as much as I like beautiful women. Only in this way can we say that our thoughts are honest and feel at ease. Therefore, people with high moral cultivation must be careful when they are alone, so that they can behave themselves.
It is not good for a villain to do nothing and do everything he can. I'm tired of seeing a gentleman. I slap him badly and slap him well. It is no good for a person to see himself if he sees his lungs and liver. This is called sincerity in the middle and tangible outside. So a gentleman must be cautious and independent.
People without moral cultivation can do anything bad when they live alone. When they meet people with moral cultivation, they hide and try to cover up their bad deeds. Pretend to do something good and try to show your virtue. In fact, other people's eyes are discerning. Seeing through these bad guys is like seeing through their hearts. So what are the benefits of this practice of hiding evil and promoting good? That is to say, what kind of practical virtue people have inside, what kind of words and deeds they will have outside. Therefore, people with moral cultivation must be cautious when they are alone, and behave appropriately even when they are alone.
Zeng Zi said, "What you see with ten eyes and what you point to with ten hands is strict!" Rich, virtuous, broad-minded and obese, so a gentleman must be sincere.
Zeng Shen said: "If a person is watched by many pairs of eyes and lit by many fingers, isn't it very serious and terrible!" Wealth can decorate houses and make them gorgeous; Morality can cultivate people's body and mind and make people's thoughts noble. Broad-minded and cheerful, the body is naturally comfortable, so people with moral cultivation must make their thoughts honest.
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2. Classical Chinese translation of "De" The classical Chinese translation of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu De" is as follows: Chen Zhongju's words and deeds are the norms of scholars and the model of the world.
When he first became an official, he was very interested in refreshing national politics. When he became the magistrate of Zhang Yu, he inquired about Xu Ruzi's residence as soon as he got to the county, hoping to see him first.
The main book report said: "What everyone means is that you want the government to take care of affairs." Chen Zhongju said: "As soon as I defeated Yin, I praised Shang Rong. At that time, I didn't even have a rest.
I respect sages and don't get promoted in the official department. Why not? Zhou Ziju often said: "I haven't seen Huangshu for a while, and my vulgar and greedy thoughts have grown again!" Guo went to runan county, visited Yuan, met for a while and left. I visited Huangshudu, but stayed for a day or two. Someone asked him why, and he said, "uncle is as wide as a vast lake, which cannot be clarified or confused." His volume is deep and wide, and it is difficult to estimate! " Li Yuanli has elegant manners, dignified personality and strong self-esteem. He should take it as his duty to carry forward Confucian ethics and distinguish right from wrong throughout the country.
Some scholars of later generations can get his teachings, and all think that they have boarded the Longmen. Li Yuanli once praised Xun Yu and Zhong You, saying, "Xun Jun has great knowledge, and it is difficult for people to surpass Zhong Jun, who has the best virtue, but he can learn. "
Taiqiu County ordered Ai Chen to visit Uncle Hou Xun of Langya. Because his family was poor and thrifty, there was no servant to wait on him, so he asked his eldest son Fiona Fang to drive, and his youngest son Ji Fang followed the car on crutches. Grandson Chang Wen is still young, sitting in the car.
When he arrived at Xun's house, Uncle Xun asked Shu Ci to welcome guests, Ci Ming to persuade wine, and the other six sons to serve food. If Sun were still young, he would sit on Xun Shu's lap.
At this time, the Taishi told the court that "a real person went to the east." Someone asked Chen, "What merits did your father have to shoulder such a lofty reputation in the world?" Ji Fang said: "My father is like a osmanthus tree growing on the mountainside of Mount Tai, with steep peaks above and abyss below;" The top of the tree was wet with dew, and the roots were moistened by spring water. At this time, where will osmanthus trees know how high Mount Tai is and how deep the abyss is? So I don't know what advantages my father has. "
Chen, his son, has extraordinary talent. He and Chen's son Chen Xiaoxian discussed his father's career and morality respectively. When they were arguing, they went to ask their grandfather, Qiu Zhang Zhenya. Chen Biao said: "Fiona Fang is hard for his brother, and Ji Fang is hard for his brother."
Jubo Xun went to a distant place to visit his friend's illness, and it happened that foreign robbers attacked the county. The friend said to the giant, "I can't live now, you can go!" " Giant Bo said, "I came all the way to see you, but you told me to go." Did I, Jubo Xun, hurt morality to survive? The robber entered the county seat and said to the giant, "The army has arrived and the whole city has run away. What kind of person are you, dare to stay alone? Ju Bo said, "My friend is ill, so I can't bear to leave him. I'd rather die for my friend. "After listening to each other's words, the robbers said," Where our immoral people violate morality! ""So the army retreated and the whole city was saved.
Huaxin takes his children very seriously. Although he is at home, he behaves as solemnly as in the court. The Chen Yuanfang brothers tried to practice harmony and friendship.
However, within the two families, the family management rules of harmony and happiness have not been lost. Ning Guan and Huaxin are digging in the garden to grow vegetables together. When they saw a small piece of gold on the ground, Guan Ning ignored it and picked it up, just like a hoe stone, but Hua Xin picked it up and threw it out.
Another time, two people were sitting at the same table reading a book. Some dignitaries drove by the door. Guan Ning was still reading, but Huaxin put down his book and ran out to read it. Guan Ning cut open the mat, separated the seats and said, "You are not my friend."
Wang Lang often praised Hua Xin for his knowledge and tolerance. Hua Xin once called his sons and nephews for a banquet on the twelfth lunar month, and Wang Lang followed his example.
Someone told Zhang Hua about it. Zhang Hua said, "Wang Lang learns from Hua Xin only superficially, so he is getting farther and farther away from Hua Xin." Hua Xin and Wang Lang took refuge together by boat, and one of them wanted to take their boat. Huaxin immediately expressed embarrassment at this request.
Wang Lang said, "Fortunately, the boat is still wide. Why not? " Then robbers came after us, and Wang Lang wanted to get rid of the boatman. Hua Xin said, "That's why I hesitated.
I have agreed to all his demands, so how can I abandon him because I am in a hurry! "Still accompany, help him. The world will judge Hua Xin and Wang Lang by this incident.
Wang Xiang takes care of her stepmother, Mrs. Zhu. There is a plum tree in his house, which bears very good plums. His stepmother has always sent him to look after it.
Sometimes when the wind and rain suddenly come, Wang Xiang will hold the tree and cry. On one occasion, Wang Xiang slept in another bed, and his stepmother personally assassinated him; Happened to meet Wang Xiang, go out at night, only split the quilt empty.
When Wang Xiang came back, knowing that her stepmother regretted it, she knelt in front of her stepmother and demanded to be executed. The stepmother was moved to wake up and loved him as her own.
King Wen of Jin praised Ruan Sizong for being the most cautious. Whenever talking to him, his words are profound and profound, and he never comments on other people's shortcomings. Wang Rong said: "I have been with Ji Kang for 20 years, and I have never seen him with a happy expression."
Wang Rong lost his mother at the same time, and both of them were praised for their filial piety. Wang Rong is skinny, sad and weeping, and polite.
Emperor Wu of Jin said to Liu Zhongxiong, "Do you often visit Wang Rong?"? I heard that Hehe is too sad, beyond the routine of etiquette, which is really worrying. " Zhong Xiong said: "Although He Jiao is courteous, his mental state has not been damaged; Although Wang Rong was impolite, he was heartbroken, hurt his body and was as thin as a bone.
I think He Zhi is filial, and so is Wang Rong. Your Majesty should not worry about peace, but about Wang Rong. "
Liang Wang and Wang Zhao are close relatives of the emperor, and they are very expensive. Pei Kai, Minister of Chinese Literature, asked the two feudal countries to allocate millions of taxes every year to help the poor among the royalty.
Someone accused him of saying, "Why do you want money from people to do good deeds?" Pei Kai said: "It is natural that there are surplus subsidies." Wang Rong said: "In the early days, Taibao was not the kind of person who was good at talking.
Wait until you talk to him.
3. Ancient moral prose, if you want to explain Zhao Deguang, you will be full of vigor and vitality, but you will be happy. Those who advocate selfish desires will live in darkness and be depressed.
The difference between morality and self-interest lies in intentional residence, and the sigh of gain and loss begins with the struggle for the future. Husband deliberately seeks to belong, and he is also determined to win.
Ambition is the foundation of success, the root of success and the foundation of happiness. If people are ambitious, the five mountains are like hills, and Qingyun can go.
Therefore, if a gentleman wants to extend benevolence and righteousness to the world and does not keep his deeds, he will regret it for life. Noble pursuit makes life magnificent and rich in spirit; Vulgar pursuit makes life gloomy and youth decadent.
Noble and vulgar, divided by goals, success or failure, just because the goals are different. The goal is faith, which is an unparalleled spiritual sustenance and a pillar of life.
Faith is the step of career success, the strength to overcome the impossible, the sublimation of personality and the source of happiness; Let life not be spent in mediocrity, and let life burn with dazzling light and faith. This is the first light.
4. 39 classical Chinese translations 1. Jubo Xun repelled the enemy with kindness, while Jubo Xun went to visit his sick friend in the distance, just when he met the siege of the conference semifinals.
A friend said to Giant Bo, "I am a dying man. Please go! " Jubo Xun said: "I came all the way to visit you, but you want me to leave;" "This kind of behavior that destroys morality because of fear of death is what I Jubo Xun can do?" When the thieves came, he asked Jubo Xun, "When the army arrived, the whole city fled. Who are you to stay here alone? " Jubo Xun replied, "My friend is ill, and I can't bear to leave him. I would rather trade my body for my friend's life! " After listening to this, the thieves and soldiers said to each other, "We irrational people have invaded this moral country!" " So all the army went out of the city and the city was saved. 2. Cai Hong went to Luo Caihong and came to Luo Yang. The local people in Luoyang said to him, "The official office has just been established, and all officials are recruiting subordinates, seeking talents from humble origins and heroes from Shan Ye hermits.
You are a scholar in the land of Wu Chu and a national subjugator. What special talents do you have to participate in the recruitment? Cai Hong replied: "The night pearl is not necessarily produced in Jinmeng River; You don't have to pick the wall jade from Kunlun Mountain. Dayu was born in Dongyi and Wang Wen was born in Xiqiang.
The birthplace of sages is not necessarily a fixed place. Once upon a time, King Wu crusaded against Zhou Wang and moved the fools of Shang Dynasty to Luoyang. Are you descendants of those people? "3. Shi Chong and Wang Kai compete for luxury goods. Shi Chong and Wang Kai competed for wealth, and both of them decorated their chariots, horses and clothes with the most colorful things.
Emperor Wu of Jin was Wang Kai's nephew and often helped Wang Kai. He once gave Wang Kai a two-foot coral tree. This coral tree is flourishing, and few other trees in the world can match it.
Wang Kai showed it to Shi Chong. When Shi Chong saw it, he knocked on it with a latte and broke it. Wang Kai felt sorry and thought that Shi Chong was jealous of his treasure. His voice and expression are harsh when he speaks.
Shi Chong said, "It's not worth regretting. I'll pay you now. " So I asked my men to take out all the coral trees at home. There are six or seven trees three or four feet high, and their trunks and branches are incomparable and dazzling. There are more Rainbow Kay.
When Wang Kai saw it, he got lost. 4. Wang Xizhi's wit When Wang Xizhi was ten years old, the general liked him very much.
Often let him sleep in a tent. Wang Dun once got up to pay the bill first, but Wang Xizhi had not got up yet.
After a while, Qian Feng came in to discuss something important, forgot that Wang Xizhi was still under the account, and talked about the plan to betray the imperial court. When Wang Xizhi woke up, he heard what they were talking about. Frightened, he knew he was dead, so he spat on his face and bedding and pretended to be asleep.
Wang Dun and others were just in their plot when they remembered that Wang Xizhi had not got up yet. They were very frightened and afraid that the child would leak out. They all said, "We must get rid of him!" " When I opened the curtain, I saw that Wang Xizhi vomited all over his face, believing that he was really asleep, so he was saved. Praise him for being clever at that time.
5. Ban Chao, a native of Ping Ling, is the son of Ban Biao, the county magistrate of Xu Xian. Ban Chao is ambitious and doesn't care about trifles.
But filial piety and diligence at home often lead a hard life, and labor is not shameful. He is eloquent and has read a lot of historical classics.
In 62 AD (the fifth year of Yongping), my brother Ban Gu was recruited as a school bookboy, and Ban Chao and his mother also took their classmates to Luoyang. Because his family was poor, Ban Chaochang copied books for the government to earn money to support his family.
He copied for a long time and worked hard. On one occasion, he stopped his work, threw a pen and sighed: "If a gentleman doesn't have better ambition and strategy, he should make great achievements in a foreign land like Fu Jiezi in Zhao Di and Zhang Qian in Liang Wudi, so as to get a seal. How can he be busy between pens and inkstones for a long time? " People around him laughed at him. Ban Chao said: "How can a teenager understand the ambition of a strong man!" 6. Lu Ji Huai Ju Lu Ji was a person of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. His father's name is Lu Kang. He was a magistrate of Lujiang and had a good relationship with Yuan Shu.
Lu Ji met Yuan Shu in Jiujiang when he was six years old. Yuan Shu was given oranges. Lu Ji stole three and left Yuan Shu. Oranges fell to the ground.
Yuan Shu said with a smile, "Lu Lang is a guest with oranges. Why? " Lu Ji knelt down and replied, "Oranges are sweet. I want to take them back to my mother! " "Yuan Shu said:" Lu Lang knew filial piety at such a young age, and he will definitely become a great talent when he grows up! "Yuan Shu was surprised and often praised later. Now some people hide fruit in their arms when eating, thinking of children in Doby.
Still hiding in your arms, why not turn love for children into love for parents? The wizard Lu Lang can serve as a model.
7. Wei Law, a shepherd of Su Wu, knew that Su Wu could not intimidate and surrender after all, so he reported Khan. Khan wanted him to surrender more and more, so he imprisoned Su Wu in a big cellar and didn't give him anything to drink or eat.
When it snowed, Su Wu lay chewing the snow and swallowed it with felt wool to satisfy his hunger. He would not die for several days. Huns thought it was amazing, so they moved Su Wu to a deserted place near Beihai, and let him graze the ram, saying that he would give it back to Han after the ram gave birth to a lamb.
At the same time, his subordinates and his entourage Chang Hui were placed in other places. After Su Wu moved to Beihai, the grain could not be sent out, so he had to dig out the wild fruits stored by the wild rats to eat.
He leans on Jeff in the cold pavilion to graze the sheep, and holds them when he sleeps and gets up, so that the yak tail hair tied to his joints can be taken off. 8. King Xiang of Chu asked Yu Song Yu. King Xiang of Chu asked Song Yu, "Perhaps Mr. Chu behaved badly? Why not all scholars and people praise you so much? " Song Yu replied: "Yes, it is. There is such a situation.
I hope your majesty will forgive my sin and let me finish. ""There is a guest singing in Beijing. At first, he sang "Li Xia" and "Ba people", and thousands of people followed him in the capital. Later, he sang Yang A and Autumn Dew, and hundreds of people in the whole city followed him. When he sang Yangchun and Snow White, only dozens of people in the city sang with him. Finally, he quoted Shang Sheng, portrayed Yu Yin, and used the voice of flowing water. Only a few people in the city followed him.
The more elegant the song is, the fewer people will sing along. 9. Fan Zhongyan is interested in the world. Fan Zhongyan died at the age of two.
Mother is poor and has no one to rely on. She remarried to Zhujiajian Island's home in Changshan.
When he grew up, he knew his life with tears in his eyes.
The characteristics of bamboo are similar to those of sages. Why? The root of bamboo is very strong, with which we can build moral quality. When people with moral cultivation see its roots, they will think of people with firm will. Bamboo is straight in nature and can stand on its own feet. People with moral cultivation will think of honest and selfless people when they see its straightforward nature. Bamboo's heart is empty, and you can experience Tao with it; When people with moral cultivation see its emptiness, they will think of those who are humbly seeking Tao. Bamboo festivals are very loyal, and you can look forward to them. When people with moral cultivation see its festivals, they will think of those who are always striving for fame and profit regardless of danger and peace. Because of this, most people with moral cultivation will plant bamboo as the enrichment of their own courtyard.
In the spring of the 19th year of Zhenyuan, I got a captain in the imperial examination, so I began to find lodging in Chang 'an, and found the East Pavilion in the private house of Mr. Xiang, the predecessor of Changle. The next day, I went to a corner in the east and south of the pavilion and saw a bamboo forest with broken branches and leaves, which looked a little embarrassed. An old man named Guan asked why, and he said: This bamboo was planted by himself. Later, Guan He left the house, and everyone else stayed inside. From then on, people who make bamboo baskets cut it (used to make bamboo baskets) and people who make brooms cut it (used to make brooms). After cutting, the height of the bamboo they took was less than one search (eight feet was one search in ancient times), and the number was only one hundred. In addition, weeds and miscellaneous trees grow in the bamboo forest, and the lush miscellaneous trees and slender weeds grow together, which no longer looks like bamboo. I'm sorry that these bamboos were planted by the elders themselves, but they were looked down upon by the laity, so they were cut down and abandoned, but the nature of bamboo still exists. So cut off the weeds in miscellaneous trees, remove the soil on them, increase the gap in the over-dense places, and cultivate their roots with soil. The work was finished in less than a day. In this case, there is a cool bamboo curtain when the sun comes out, and there is a crisp sound when the wind blows. The bamboo shadow swayed with the wind, showing a happy look, as if grateful for fate.
Ah! Bamboo is a plant (even so), what will happen to people? Because it is similar to a sage, some people can cherish it, cultivate it well, and plant it well, let alone be a real sage. In this case, compared with vegetation, bamboo is no different from saints and ordinary people. Ah! Bamboo can't make itself different from other plants, only people can make it different from ordinary plants. Sages cannot make themselves different from ordinary people. Only those who appoint sages can make them different from ordinary people. So, I wrote this article "Bamboo Cultivation" and wrote it on the wall of the pavilion to give it to people who will live here in the future. I also hope that the ruler (sage) can read this article.
6. The translation of China's classical way of being a gentleman is called Zi Chan. "There are four ways for a gentleman: respect for oneself, respect for things, support for the people with benefits, and the people with righteousness."
Confucius commented on Zi Chan and said, "He has four virtues as a gentleman: solemn behavior, respect for the monarch, benefiting the people and using it for the people."
We don't have to delve into whether Zi Chan has these four kinds of gentlemen's morality. I think Confucius is only here to expound his own standards of gentleman's moral cultivation by evaluating his own property. Judging from these four contents, it seems to be the standard for judging the ruling party, which may have been a relatively high requirement at that time, but according to today's standards, it is far from enough to only achieve these four points. In particular, the requirements of the monarch should be spurned, because the requirements of the times for today's rulers should first respect and serve the people, not just the superiors.
7. The meaning of the word "de" in classical Chinese. In classical Chinese, Tao and virtue are two independent words.
According to the explanation of Tao Te Ching. "Tao" is the source of all things and the power to create all things; Morality is an act that conforms to the objective needs of nature, society and human beings, does not violate the law of natural development, develops nature and society, and improves its own practice methods.
Tao bears everything; Virtue shows everything about Tao. Avenue is silent and invisible, invisible, inaudible and intangible, and we can only know and perceive it through thinking consciousness; And virtue is a concrete example of Tao, and it is also the embodiment of Tao. What we can see, what we do through perception.
Without virtue, we can't understand the thought of Tao so vividly. This is the relationship between virtue and Tao. Morality is a kind of social ideology, and it is the norm and norm of people's life and behavior.
Sin is greater than no morality, and resentment is greater than no morality. Later, the word morality took on its present meaning.
The above is for reference only, I hope it will help you.