The fourth monarch of the Song Dynasty, Song Renzong Zhao Zhen, can be said to be an emperor with a relatively low sense of existence. Not surprisingly, he did not have the great achievements of Emperor Qin and Han Wu, nor the talents and strategies of Emperor Tang Zong and Song Zu, and he also lacked A distinctive personality like Emperor Zhengde, and a dramatic experience like Qianlong's visit to the south of the Yangtze River. He was an ordinary monarch who lived in a deep palace and lived an ordinary life. Of course, no folk literati was willing to interpret his mediocre life into a human legend. However, it was during the reign of this mediocre monarch that many outstanding figures emerged in Chinese history. I have talked about talents in the Song Renzong era before. After talking about it, I felt that it was still not enough, so I will talk about it again today. In the literary world, people in the Ming Dynasty selected the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties", six of whom were from the Northern Song Dynasty (Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Che, Wang Anshi, and Zeng Gong). They all appeared on the historical stage in the Renzong Dynasty; Tang poetry Song Ci is the two major peaks of Chinese classical poetry. Later generations used to divide Song Ci into two major schools: bold and unrestrained Ci and graceful Ci. Su Shi was the leader in bold and unrestrained Ci, and Liu Yong and Liu Qi were the leader in euphemistic Ci. Official: " "Liu Lang's poem is only suitable for girls of seventeen or eighteen, holding a red tooth plate, singing "Willow bank, dawn wind waning moon". The bachelor's poem requires the Han Dynasty from Guanxi, a bronze pipa, and an iron Zhuoban to sing "The Great River Goes East". "Both Su Xueshi and Liu Langzhong were first-class poets in the Zhao Zhen era. In academia, a hundred schools of thought contended in the Song Dynasty, forming schools such as Guan Xue, Lian Xue, Shuo Xue, Luo Xue, Shu Xue, Xin Xue, and Xiang Mathematics. The founders or representatives of these schools all lived in the Renzong Dynasty of the Song Dynasty; the famous "Five Sons of the Northern Song Dynasty" (Zhou Dunyi, Shao Yong, Zhang Zai, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi) were all great scholars active in the Zhao Zhen era. Politicians, not only Fan Zhongyan, Fu Bi, Han Qi, and Du Yan who presided over the "Qingli New Deal" were the backbone of the Renzong Dynasty, but also Wang Anshi, Zhang Dun, Lu Huiqing, and Deng Wan who led the "Xifeng Reform" People in the new party, such as Sima Guang, Lu Gongzhu, Fan Chunren, Su Zhe and other old party members who led the "Yuanyou Genghua" movement also emerged in the political arena of the Zhao Zhen era. In the scientific community, the four " " in ancient China Among the "Great Inventions", three of them all appeared in the Zhao Zhen era (the invention of weapons used to make thermal weapons was first seen in Renzong Dynasty's "Wu Jing Zong Yao", and the compass and movable type printing technology were first seen in Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Bi Tan"); The two smartest scientists in the Song Dynasty, Su Song and Shen Kuo (Su Song invented the world's earliest automatic astronomical clock "Water Transport Instrument Station", and Shen Kuo was a genius who dabbled in astronomy, geography, physics and chemistry), both grew up in Zhao. Zhen era. Mr. Yu Yunguo, a researcher on the history of the Song Dynasty, devoted a chapter to "Song Renzong and his famous ministers" in his "Song Dynasty in Detail" - speaking of the talents of the Renzong Dynasty, it can be said that it is the most outstanding person in the history of the Song Dynasty. First of all, one can make a long list: politically famous officials include Lu Yijian, Fan Zhongyan, Lu Zongdao, Xue Kui, Cai Qi, Chen Yaozuo, Han Yi, Du Yan, Pang Ji, Wu Yu, Wang Yaochen, Bao Zheng, Fan Xiang, Kong Daofu, Yu Jing, Hu Su, Tian Kuang, Wang Su, Han Qi, Fu Bi, Wen Yanbo, Zhong Shiheng, Di Qing, Wang Deyong, etc.; Zhao who was active in Shenzong, Zhezong and even the early period of Huizong Hu, Wu Kui, Zhang Fangping, Tang Jie, Zhao Peng, Lu Jie, Fan Zhen, Zeng Gongliang, Wang Anshi, Sima Guang, Lu Gongzu, Lu Gongbi, Lu Dafang, Lu Huiqing, Zeng Bu, Zhang Dun, Han Jiang, Han Wei, Han Zhongyan, Fu Yaoyu, Peng Ruli, Fan Chunren, Fan Chunli, Liu Zhi, Wang Yansou and other talents were actually cultivated by Renzong during his reign, including Zhang Xian, Liu Yong, Yan Shu and Song Dynasty. Xiang, Song Qi, Yin Zhu, Mei Yaochen, Su Shunqin, Su Xun, Ouyang Xiu (above literature, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian are also good at calligraphy), Cai Xiang (calligraphy), Yan Wengui, Wu Zongyuan, Xu Daoning, Zhao Chang, Yi Yuanji , Wen Tong, Guo Xi, Wang Shen (above painting), etc. In terms of ideological scholarship, there are Sun Shi, Liu Chang (above Confucianism), Hu Yuan, Sun Fu, Shi Jie, Li Gou (above philosophy), Zhang Zai, Shao Yong. , Zhou Dunyi, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Lu Dalin (above in Neo-Confucianism), Song Minqiu, Fan Zuyu, Liu Shu, Liu Zong (above in History), etc. In science and technology, there are Wang Weiyi, Qian Yi, Yan Su, Bi Sheng, Shen Kuo, Jia Xian. , Su Song, etc. As Su Shi said: "" In the reign of Renzong, he was named Duoshi, and his descendants relied on him for three generations. Li Zhi of the Ming Dynasty even believed that during Renzong's dynasty, "great kings came out in large numbers, especially once in a thousand years." (Quoted from Yu Yunguo's "Details of the Song Dynasty") Renzong's dynasty was so rich in talents that almost no era in history can match it. No wonder Su Shi said : " "Emperor Renzong reigned for forty-two years and recruited countless heroes from all over the world.
Not only do you think you are a man of great integrity, but you respect his words and lead to peace, and yet his responsibilities are heavy and the road is long, he also leaves them to be used by the descendants of three generations for hundreds of years, and they rely on them now. "Li Zhi of the Ming Dynasty also lamented that in the Renzong Dynasty, "there were many great princes, especially once in a thousand years." Many folk romance stories are based on the Renzong Dynasty of Song Dynasty, probably because of the abundance of talents in that era. An era of monarchs with a very low sense of existence. , why do so many outstanding figures emerge?