The essence of Chinese knowledge: a saint in history.

saints in China history: wine saint: Du Kang; Book sage: Wang Xizhi; Cao Sheng: Zhang Xu; Shi Sheng: Sima Qian; Most holy: Kong Qiu; Wen Sheng: Ouyang Xiu; Yasheng: Meng Ke; Medical sage: Zhang Zhongjing; Wu Sheng: Guan Yu; Bing Sheng: Sun Wu; Cha Sheng: Lu Yu; Chess Saint: Huang Longshi; Poet Saint: Du Fu; Painter: Wu Daozi; Mu Sheng: Zhang Heng; Le Sheng: Li Guinian; Seeks the saint: Zhang Liang; Medicine sage: Sun Simiao; Ci Sheng: Su Shi; Qu Sheng: Guan Hanqing. First, the most holy Confucius Confucius named Kong Qiu, the word Zhong Ni, was born in the city of Lu (now Qufu South, Shandong Province) in the Spring and Autumn Period. A famous thinker, politician and educator in ancient China, the founder of Confucianism. After the Han Dynasty, Confucius' theory gradually became the orthodoxy of feudal culture in China, which had great influence. Later generations always regarded him as a "saint" and called him "the most holy teacher". Second, the sage Mencius Mencius, whose name is Zi Yu, was born in Zou State (now southeast of Zou County, Shandong Province) during the Warring States Period, and was a famous thinker, politician and educator in ancient China. The author of Mencius is one of the classics of Confucianism. He is regarded as the authentic successor of Confucius' theory, and is called "Confucius and Mencius" together with Confucius, and honored as "the sage". Third, the poet Du Fu Du Fu Zi Mei,no. Shaoling, is from Gongxian County, Henan Province. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty in China, he wrote The Collection of Du Gongbu. He wrote many poems reflecting social contradictions and real life in his life. Because his poems truly reflect a complicated and turbulent historical era, he is honored as "the history of poetry" and "the sage of poetry". Fourth, the word Saint Su Shi Su Shi Zi Zhan,no. Dongpo lay man, Meishan, Sichuan. A famous poet, writer, painter and calligrapher in Song Dynasty, one of the "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". He has made outstanding contributions to the development of Ci. In the past, the content of Ci was narrow, and he expanded the content of Ci. His poems are bold and unrestrained, which have great influence on later generations, so they are honored as "saints of ci". Five, wine saint Du Kang Du Kang, also known as Shao Kang, word Zhongyu, Xia Dynasty. According to legend, Du Kang took some water to make wine, and there are words to prove it: "He Yi wine is full of wine; White wine alone treats diseases. Therefore, drink all day long, without indulging; Take it for life and get the sum of qi and blood. A hundred miles in the neighborhood, selling more wine in white. "The legacy of Xianze is unique to the local area, and it has been preserved along the trough of the site to this day, which is also obvious." Du Kang, as the originator of wine, opened up the source of Chinese wine culture with a long history. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao chanted the eternal swan song of "Be generous, worry is unforgettable, how to solve your worries, only Du Kang". Inventor of winemaking in ancient legend. Therefore, later generations called it "wine saint". 6. Wang Xizhi, a book sage, is known as "Wang Youcheng", a native of Linyi, Shandong Province in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and is the most famous calligrapher in Chinese history. His works include Huang Tingjing and Preface to Lanting. His calligraphy absorbed the essence of the calligraphy of Wei and Jin Dynasties and created a unique style. His regular script has got rid of the trace of official law and reached an independent and perfect position. People praised his words as "floating like clouds" and "deft as a dragon" and recognized him as a "book saint". Seven, Wu Daozi Wu Daozi, a famous painter, was born in Yang Zhai (now Yuzhou, Henan) in the Tang Dynasty. His paintings have a strong three-dimensional sense, and he is good at drawing figures. He uses the thickness of vermilion to express the ups and downs of the same flesh and blood, which is as real as a statue. He is also good at painting Buddha statues, with vivid images, and the characters' clothes and belts are fluttering, which has the reputation of "Wu Dai is the wind", and he was later honored as "painting sage". Eight, the medical sage Zhang Zhongjing Zhang Zhongjing is a famous machine. He was born in Nanyang at the end of the Han Dynasty. He was an outstanding medical scientist in ancient China and wrote the book Treatise on Febrile Diseases. The theory and treatment methods of "dialectical treatment" in the book laid the foundation of TCM therapeutics, so later generations respected him as a "medical sage". Nine, Medicine Saint Sun Simiao Sun Simiao, from 581 to 682 AD, was born in Jingzhao Huayuan (now Sunjiayuan, Yao County, Shaanxi Province), and was a great medical scientist in Sui and Tang Dynasties. His book "Qianjin Yaofang" is the earliest medical encyclopedia in China. From basic theory to clinical subjects, the theory, method, prescription and medicine are complete, and it is a precious treasure of traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, people later called it "the king of medicine", "the real person" and "the sage of medicine". Ten, Cha Sheng Lu Yu Lu Yu, the word hung-chien,No. Donggangzi, was born in Jingling, Xiazhou (now Tianmen, Hubei) in the Tang Dynasty, a famous tea expert in ancient China, and wrote three volumes of Tea Classics. He didn't admire Ronghua, studied tea all his life, and finally wrote the world's first monograph on tea-The Book of Tea, which opened the way for tea research, so later generations praised him as "Tea God" and "Cha Sheng". In addition to the above "Ten Saints", many people are called "Saints" by later generations, as follows: Guan Yu, the warrior sage: (162? -22) was born in the Yan Xi period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, with a long word cloud, and he was a lover in Hedong (now Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province). During the Three Kingdoms period, the famous general of Shu and Han Dynasty was loyal and skilled in martial arts. His deeds were circulated among the people for a long time, and he was regarded as Guan Sheng Emperor after his death, and he was honored as "Guan Gong". Shi Sheng Sima Qian: Born in the 5th year of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (145 BC), Zuo Fengyi was born in Xiayang, a historian and writer of the Western Han Dynasty, and was the author of the first biographical book Historical Records in China. Wen Sheng Ouyang Xiu: a politician, writer, essayist and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties, the word Yongshu, was named Drunken Weng, and was named Liuyi Jushi in the evening. There is Ouyang Wenzhong's Collection, and the ci collection includes Liu Yi Ci, Jin Ti Yue Fu and Zuiweng Qin Qu Wai Bian. Zhang Xu, the sage of grass: Bo Gao, a native of Suzhou, used to be a commandant of Changshu County. Great calligrapher of Tang Dynasty. It is famous for cursive writing. Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty once sent a rare imperial edict to the whole country: Li Bai's poems and songs, Zhang Xu's cursive script and Fei Min's sword dance can become the "three wonders" in the world. Sun Wu, a soldier sage: the word Changqing, that is, grandson, was not a famous strategist in the Spring and Autumn Period. Qi people. Thirteen Articles is the earliest art of war in China, and it is known as the "Holy Book of Military Studies", ranking first in the Seven Books of the Martial Classics. And was later confirmed as the author of Sun Tzu's Art of War. Seeks the saint Zhang Liang: (? -The former 186-character ovary, one of three outstanding heroes of early han dynasty, was adopted by Liu Bang in the Chu-Han War. Liu bang once praised him for "winning the battle thousands of miles away in the process of strategizing, and the ovary is also successful." Le Sheng Li Guinian: Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was a musician. At that time, Li Guinian, Li Pengnian and Li Henian all had literary talents. Li Guinian was good at singing, playing cymbals, playing Jie drums and composing music. Later generations called Li Guinian "Le Sheng". Chess Saint Huang Longshi: Qiu, also known as Xia, was born in Jiangyan, Tai County, Jiangsu Province. When he was young, his chess name was already in the neighborhood of four townships in Wen Da. He is the author of Yi Kuo and The Whole Map of Huang Longshi. Qu Sheng Guan Hanqing: (about 1229 -1241 AD), who died in the early years of Dade, Yuan Chengzong (about 13 AD), was a zaju writer in the Yuan Dynasty. The number has been lent (one for one). Dou E's Injustice, Saving the Wind and Dust, Wangjiang Pavilion, Moon Worship Pavilion, Lu Zhailang, Single Knife Meeting, and Adjusting the Wind and Moon are his representative works. Mu Sheng (Ke Sheng) Zhang Heng: (78-139), born in Ping Zi, Xi 'e, Nanyang (now stonebridge, Nanyang County, Henan Province), was a great astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. His achievements involved astronomy, seismology, mechanical technology, mathematics, literature and art, and many other fields. "Good" song: Hello, my friend. For your sake, please sit down and listen carefully. More money, less money, just enough. Ugly people are beautiful, just pleasing to the eye. There are few old people, so health is good. If the family is poor and rich, it is good to be kind. Husband comes home late, it's good to have a return. If your wife nags, it's good to take care of your family. Children should be taught well from an early age. Doctor, selling vegetables, when you grow up, be good. The room is big and small, so it's good to live. It's not a famous brand, as long as it can be worn. Two wheels and four wheels, as long as you can drive. If the boss is bad, it's good to put up with it. All the troubles can be solved. Persist in persistence and let go of the best. A person's life, peace is good. If you are not rich, you will be fine. If you have a good heart, you can change your life. God knows who is right and who is wrong. Cultivate happiness and wisdom, and the afterlife will be better. Everything in the world, just follow the fate. A lot of things, just take it easy. Say so much, just understand. Everyone is good, and every day is good. Hello, I am good, and the society is better. In a word, contentment is the best. This message is really good. It's my fault that I didn't send it to you. Sent it to you, everyone is good! Haha, you said that I am right for you, ok? As the saying goes, "reciprocity". So I will reply to the other party with a "no" word in my collection: people can not be noble, but they can not be shameless; People can not be great, but not mean; People can not be smart, but they can't be confused; People can not be knowledgeable, but can not be ignorant; People can not make friends, but they can't be withdrawn; People can be pessimistic, but they can't be world-weary; People can be generous, but they can't hurt others; People can not pursue, but can not be jealous; People can not make progress, but they cannot go backwards. People can not be beautiful, but not ugly; People can not be proud, but not conceited; People can be imperfect, but they can't be discouraged. First, good and bad are good, naturally happy, bad, not complaining and annoying. Good things can lead to bad things under certain conditions, and bad things can also be turned into good things. Good and bad are just a thin line. This idea and the first line are exactly the topics that we have been exploring all our lives. This idea and the first line, influenced by the viewpoint of the times, often change and transpose. Gentleman and villain have different standards; Loyal officials and treacherous officials are completely opposite. Treacherous court official shouted well and probably not well; Treacherous court official shouted bad is probably good. Second, success and failure are eternal topics in life. Young and hard, old and successful; Young people who don't work hard are sad. This is an irreversible law of success or failure in life. When things are done in secret, they are defeated by venting; People become diligent and lose to laziness. Become famous in poverty, be proud in honor; Trouble in leisure, laziness in wealth. In today's society, there are many people who become famous, successful and successful, and that is "hype". Speculation is a new trick of success in modern life. Third, true and false true gold is not afraid of fire. This sentence is aimed at falsehood. Truth is the yardstick of practice and the essence of historical precipitation. True, clear, real, is the original nature; False, always hold the truth high and say that you are more true than true. False is the transformation ruler of practice and the dregs of historical precipitation. False, is muddy, is virtual, is the spirit that confuses the true nature. In a fake world, it's not true. Fourth, bitterness and happiness avoid bitterness and seek happiness, Chang Ran; It is inevitable that you will have fun; Abandon suffering for pleasure, at a loss; Take pleasure in suffering and be detached. Bitterness is the root of happiness, and happiness is the fruit of bitterness. The bigger the bitter root, the sweeter the dimethoate. Bitterness is a boat leading to the other side of ideal, and joy is a flower on the other side of success. If you want to get more flowers on the other side of success, you must take pleasure in suffering and persevere. Don't laugh at the beginning, but laugh at the end! 5. It is good to gain and lose, which is human nature and demand, and also the unremitting pursuit goal of life. However, loss is not all a bad thing. Although we don't pursue "loss", loss is also an indispensable unexpected partner in the journey of pursuing "gain" in life. Without the pain of loss, there is no joy of gain; Without lost lessons, there is no gained experience. 6. Good and evil are the first of all virtues. Only when there is a good and kind heart can there be filial piety. How can people who don't know how to be filial to their parents and elders serve the society? Friendly with others? I can't tolerate others and be considerate ...... Evil is the opposite of good. The wicked always want to appear as a kind face in front of many people, saying that they are kind to the good, gaining the trust of the good, and then bullying the good, harming the good, duplicity, and playing tricks to kill people and then quickly. This is the essence of the wicked. 7. Beauty and ugliness are scientific and reasonable things. The core of beauty is rationality. Everyone yearns for beauty and pursues a bright future with beautiful ideals. If you want to observe beauty, find beauty and feel beauty, you must take beauty with you. Only if you have a beautiful heart can you observe beauty, find beauty and enjoy beauty. Therefore, if you want to really get beauty, you must first have a beautiful mind. Otherwise, what you get is not real beauty. Different times have different standards of beauty; Different people have different aesthetic views; People with different knowledge have different degrees of understanding beauty. Some people regard beauty as beauty, some people regard ugliness as beauty, and some people regard strangeness as beauty ... 8. Modesty and pride Since ancient times, the knowledgeable are more modest and the poor are more proud; Complacency brings more losses, while modesty gains more benefits; Modest people respect each other since childhood, while proud people are arrogant and contemptuous; Be modest when you are down and out, and be proud when you are proud. Modesty is the ladder of life's growth and success, and the way to treat people and things with courtesy. Pride is a stumbling block to growth and success, and a narrow road and pass on the road of life. Nine, the word "blessing" and "curse" are stuck in the world, and the word "curse" is going into the abyss; Blessings haunt the meditative, and disasters haunt the careless eggs; Don't be too crazy about blessings, and don't be too sad about disasters. There are always people who have joys and sorrows. Don't panic in the face of reality. Fu Hong and Zi Qi are coming all over the sky. Why not be afraid of disasters and microwave injuries? Adversity in life is the cradle of success, good people have good intentions and good luck, and good fortune shines high and disaster dies. Ten, rich and poor, a prosperous life is the constant goal that human beings have always pursued. In any era, the rich are always in the minority and the poor are always in the majority in any society. Rich in laughter, poor and leisure; There are many talented people in the poor family, but many losers in the rich family. Poor and white just draw your own grand ideal blueprint on it! Getting rich by one's own ability of genuine talent and practical learning is that peony blossoms are rich and prosperous; People who get rich by abducting people with power and power are people who spit on thousands of fingers!