Select the appropriate brush:
There are many kinds of writing brushes. When learning for the first time, I hope you can choose "double double brush" lake brush. Because it is difficult to master the lake brush of both brush, it is very important for your future study.
When choosing a pen tip, you should choose an appropriate length, because the pen tip is too long to master, but the pen tip length can contain a lot of ink, which is suitable for cursive writing at one go, and the pen tip length can ensure enough ink. On the contrary, the short nib is suitable for writing regular script and easy to master.
When choosing a pen, we should also consider the copy of the tablet. The so-called "use a pen used by someone to write his words." The best way to judge what kind of pen to use is to look at his handwriting directly: if the style is strong, choose Hao Jian; If you are charming and plump, choose soft; Hard and soft, and then choose double brush. The characteristics of the pen also affect the written calligraphy, thus achieving the wonderful scenery of calligraphy.
Another point is the size of the font. Write big words in capital letters and small words in lowercase letters. Writing big characters with small pens is easy to be damaged and can't be justified, but writing small characters with large pens is a bit "killing the chicken."
Choose the right paper:
For beginners, it's good to use fringed paper and meta-book paper first, and then use Xuan paper after a certain achievement.
Wool edge paper is bamboo paper produced in Jiangxi Province. Delicate, thin and soft, light yellow, water-resistant, good water absorption. It is not only suitable for writing, but also for printing ancient books. Wool edge paper produced in Sichuan can be divided into two categories: one is hand-raw, soft, thick and delicate, yellowish in color, with the same feel on both sides, and hand-made with tender bamboo pulp. Moderate water absorption, writing feel is quite good, the majority of calligraphy lovers are very fond of it, and it is an affordable variety for practicing calligraphy.
Yuan Shu paper is a kind of bamboo paper. It was called Red Pavilion Paper in ancient times. Taking tender bamboo as raw material, hand-made writing paper with brush. Location: Fuyang City. It is called Xie Gong Paper or Xie Gong Note. Its characteristics are white and flexible, slightly fragrant with bamboo, soluble in water, impervious to ink, and not moth-eaten or discolored after long-term storage. Used in ancient times for painting and calligraphy, writing official documents, making books, etc. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was mainly used for students' capital books, mounting and painting axes. In addition, it can also be used as high-grade packaging paper.
Xuan paper is divided into raw Xuan, semi-cooked Xuan and cooked Xuan. Shengxuan has strong water absorption and hydrophilicity, and it is easy to produce rich Mo Yun changes. By splashing and accumulating ink, water can be collected and diluted to achieve the artistic effect of water flow. Used for freehand brushwork. Cooked Xuan is coated with alum when it is processed, so the paper is harder than raw Xuan, and its water absorption capacity is weak, and the ink color will not spread when it is used. Therefore, the characteristics make cooked propaganda suitable for meticulous painting rather than ink freehand painting. Semi-cooked Xuan is also processed from raw Xuan, and its water absorption capacity is between the first two, which is suitable for writing small characters.
Choose the copybook that suits you:
The best way to practice regular script is to paste it. Actually, anything can be pasted. You can choose tablets according to your own preferences, such as Yan, Ou, Liu and Zhao, but try to buy better quality copybooks when buying tablet stickers.
To learn calligraphy, we should inherit the experience of our predecessors. First of all, we should choose a template for temporary writing, that is, selecting posts. Choosing a post is to worship the ancients as teachers.
The high achievements of China's outstanding calligraphers in past dynasties were also developed on the basis of learning the calligraphy art of predecessors. Through long-term practice, they formed their own set of rules in writing, created their own unique style, and were loved by people, making their works immortal and becoming a model for future generations to learn calligraphy. Post-scholars have mastered their own writing rules, laid a good foundation for forming their own artistic style, and only when they engage in calligraphy can they enter the room.
Therefore, it is very important to choose posts. If you choose a good position, you must learn to be respectful and vivid. This is called "entering the post". Some people are afraid that they can't jump out after learning the image, but there is no need to doubt it. As Ni Sumen said in "On Calligraphy" in the Ming Dynasty: "We must take the ancient masters as the patriarch, have a certain family background, keep a firm foothold, immerse ourselves in it day and night, and make sure that the pen is as simple as a pen, so that people know that it is such a small group, even if they praise me and slander me, I will not be moved." If you chop and change, it will affect the practice of basic skills. When you really master the rules of calligraphy, every word is really "such a small group". At that time, your basic skills will have a certain foundation, and you will also have some understanding and research on the structure and brushwork of calligraphy. Through practice, on the basis of improving the understanding of calligraphy art, we can find more books and posts, study them temporarily, know our own advantages and disadvantages, and improve other literary qualities. Through constant practice and exploration, we can form our own artistic style, which is "paste". This is a lifelong pursuit.
What is suitable for beginners about small and medium fonts? Generally speaking, it is better to start with Chinese characters, which are two inches square, such as the mysterious tower of Liu Gongquan and the Shence Army Monument. It is easy to see the effect when writing small characters at first, because the font is small and the stroke spacing is small, so it is easy to master and control when writing. However, when you are used to writing small characters, when you encounter writing large characters, the stroke spacing of the frame structure is large, and it is difficult to master and control the strokes when writing, which is likely to be lax or tight and uneven. Write two inches square, there is room for stretching in writing big characters, and it is easier to master in writing small characters.
There are many famous regular script writers with different styles and schools. Some are rich and graceful; Some are tight and steep; Some lean on one side to show off; Some are tall and strong; ..... Beginners can choose a direction that is conducive to practicing basic skills and their future development according to their own personality and preferences, and they can also consider which style is conducive to practice according to their work needs. Nowadays, many people practice calligraphy and often choose one of the works of Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan and Zhao Mengfu as a model. In addition, the inscriptions of Yu Shinan and Zhu Suiliang in the Tang Dynasty are often used as demonstration posts for practicing basic skills. The basic skills of practicing regular script at the beginning naturally don't have to stick to these families, and many epitaphs are well written, such as Longzang Temple Monument in Sui Dynasty and Dong Epitaph.
Ou Yangxun, a calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty, was famous for being good at regular script. "Old Tang Book" said: "Inquire about Wang Xizhi's first-time books, and then gradually change his brushwork, which is dangerous and powerful, and once it is done, people have their faith or think it is a model." It shows that in the Tang Dynasty, he studied with Chinese characters as a model. European-style knot uses side leaning, that is, the strokes are arranged to lift the right shoulder slightly, and the strokes are very close and dangerous. The so-called adventure, that is, the change of strokes, length, thickness and virtual reality of a point is both ingenious and just right, and a slight change will destroy its integrity. Fang Bi is the main brushwork, with abrupt turning, sharp edges and strong brushwork. Form a dangerous style with tight structure, strong brushwork and high solemnity. This is suitable for practicing basic skills. But it is precisely because of his tight and dangerous structure and brushwork that it is difficult to change this style. His regular script works are most famous for "Jiuchenggong Liquan Ming". In addition, Huadu Temple Monument, Huangfuyan Monument and Yugong Monument can also be written temporarily.
Yan Zhenqing was the most creative calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. He left more than 20 regular script tablets, which showed the process of his continuous exploration and change of calligraphy style. Yan Zi's flat structure, looking at people from the front, is as plump as a Shandong man sitting in danger, which is the characteristic of the positive structure of Lishu. The strokes are symmetrical and even, light horizontally and heavy vertically. The two vertical pens in the box are written in circular arcs, just like two outward bows. The brushwork is mainly round pen, with softness and rigidity. The so-called cotton-coated iron. The main turning point is that the round pen can't come out, the horizontal painting is generally flat, and it is rarely exposed when the pen stops. Form a magnificent style. To learn Yan characters, first, pay attention to the structure and don't write loosely; Second, we should not only pay attention to the richness of strokes, but also pay attention to the inner strength of muscles. Many of his stone monuments have been preserved, such as the early Duobaota Monument, the later Li Yanqing Monument and the Yanjia Temple Monument. The former is not obvious in its own style, while the latter two monuments are mature in their own style. In addition, there are oriental paintings, Eight Official Pavilion, Magu Xiantan and Zhongxing Ode. Although the style of each monument is slightly different, the overall style is the same.
Liu Gongquan was a calligrapher in the late Tang Dynasty, and his calligraphy was very famous at that time. The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty called his book "The Diamond Sutra Monument of Shangdu Ximing Temple, with the style of Zhong (Zhi), Wang (Ou () Heather and Lu (Cambodia)" and called his calligraphy "graceful and unique". It can be seen that his calligraphy was influenced by the calligraphy school of the two kings in the early days, and then he became a family. Song Jiangkui's "Continued Book Spectrum" said: "The brushwork is different from that of the ancients, and commenting on the two schools is one of the changes in calligraphy. "This shows that Yan and Liu are different from the two kings school in history in combination and brushwork, and they have changed and innovated. Compared with Yan Shu, Liu Shu's lateral structure is a little odd, with her right shoulder upturned and her left tight and right comfortable, but it is not obvious and generally balanced. In the structure, the palace (referring to the central part of the stroke) is tight, the limbs are stretched, and the upper, lower, left and right points extend outward, while the center, that is, the stable part supporting the center of gravity of the word, is extremely tight. The brushwork adopts Fiona Fang's combination, and the horizontal painting turns into horizontal painting. When the pen is closed, it is pressed after a pause, which has the tendency of swallowtail. The pen is thick, and the vertical painting of Box 2 is slightly bent due to the influence of Yan characters. Except for some horizontal strokes and long strokes, other strokes are relatively symmetrical.
Generally speaking, Liu characters are influenced by Yan characters, but they are not as thick as Yan characters. It is stronger and more vigorous than the word Yan, giving people a close aesthetic feeling and embodying the spirit of the so-called "six valleys". Liu Shu writes vigorously, horizontally, vertically, hooked, skimmed and pressed, and has his own set of procedures for entering, turning and receiving pens. There are more than ten kinds of inscriptions on his regular script, including the Diamond Sutra unearthed in Dunhuang in his early years and now circulating in France, and his later works include Mysterious Tower and Shence Army Monument. These inscriptions can best reflect the characteristics of Liu Shu and are the best models for learning from Liu Shu. The rubbings of other works are damaged greatly, which is inconvenient for study.
Zhao Mengfu was a master in Yuan Dynasty. Historically, he was a leader in calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy and cursive script, especially in modern times. Zhao Shu is a beginner, in Wang Xizhi and middle school, and was born late in (Yong). Basically, he is the calligraphy school of the two kings. The knot is horizontal, the left is tight and the right is relaxed, and the right shoulder is raised. When drawing horizontally, the strokes are smooth and the end stops. Sometimes, use the calligraphy style, and use Fang Bi. The Gui angle is obvious, and the strokes are quite light and heavy. Generally, the brush strokes are thick and skillful, which has an elegant and charming taste. It is easy to learn from Zhao Zi, because his structure is beautiful, but his skeletal strength is weak. His regular script works are many, such as the tablet of Emperor Danba, The Story of Triple Gate (ink script), The View of Blessing, The Tablet of the Tiger Hill Dragon Zen Master and so on.
In addition, it must be noted that beginners mainly learn regular script, but there is no end to it. How can we practice basic skills before learning other subjects? Of course, this can't be absolute. Learn the basic brushwork of a family as a whole, and practice other styles at the same time, according to personal hobbies and actual needs, such as running script, official script and Weibei. It is practical and can be used for bookmark titles, plaques, couplets, etc. At present, only cursive script and seal script are mainly used for viewing. Because these two books are not annotated, it is difficult for ordinary people to recognize them.
Generally speaking, all kinds of inscriptions and calligraphy can be used for reference, but for beginners, it is better to choose works suitable for practicing basic skills and distinctive styles as practice models. There are a lot of ink on the inscriptions of various styles and styles, and some of them are listed for reference.
In addition to the above, there are regular script inscriptions, such as Zhu Suiliang's A Que Buddhist Shrine Monument in Tang Dynasty, Yu Shinan's Confucius Temple Monument, Wang Jushi's Brick Pagoda Monument, Master Meng's Monument, Tang Guifeng's Monument to the Zen Master, Zuiweng Pavilion, Fengle Pavilion, Su Shi's Diamond Sutra in Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian and so on.
The lower case has the writing methods of Confucian Classics in Wei and Jin Dynasties, such as Huang Tingjing, Yue Yi Lun and Cao E Bei by Wang Xizhi, the thirteen lines of Luo Shen Fu by Wang Xianzhi, Ling Fei Jing Shan Jie Du by Chu Suiliang in Tang Dynasty, Huang Tingjing by Zhao Mengfu in Yuan Dynasty and Luo Shen Fu by Zhu Yunming in Ming Dynasty.
The correct way to publish:
On the basis of selecting posts, we should go through five steps: reading posts, describing posts, copying posts, carrying posts back and creating posts.
The first step is to read the post
We all know the pronunciation of the posted Chinese characters, so we don't need to read them any more. Read what? Read fonts, read structures, read strokes, and analyze the relationship between stroke characteristics and strokes of Chinese characters. For example, when we read the Chinese character "zhong", we should read that a vertical line of "zhong" passes through the middle of "kou", and the word "kou" is slightly flat. The long vertical line in the middle is divided into two sections with equal length by the lower horizontal line of the mouth, and the upper horizontal line of the mouth is divided into two sections with equal length. This is an interpretation of glyphs and structures. Different fonts and strokes have different characteristics.
The second step is tracking. "Tracing red" refers to tracing red, that is, beginners draw printed red copybooks along the handwriting with a brush. "Imitation" refers to copying the post, that is, covering the model words with transparent paper and writing them one by one along the shadow of the words on the paper, which is also called writing imitation.
The third step is to post. It refers to putting the copybook aside and watching the copybook write word by word. This method is helpful to master the brushwork and meaning of Chinese characters, but it is not easy to master the structure of Chinese characters.
The fourth step is to recite the post. Refers to the method of removing the copybook on the basis of copying, recalling the font on the copybook according to your own memory and writing it on paper. This is a key step in practicing calligraphy. Only by carefully examining the words you read and write, can you write accurately. When writing, if you can see the exact font of the Chinese characters to be written on white paper, so that "the words are on the paper and the words are on the chest", it is not a problem to write a good hand.
The fifth step is to post. On the basis of mastering the writing method of the words on the copybook, I learned the writing method of the words not on the copybook by analogy. According to the needs of self-expression, writing a paragraph with center, content and self-contained system is creation.
If you can write a word close to copybook in your daily study and life, your purpose of practicing calligraphy will be achieved.
Practice posture:
When practicing calligraphy, we should pay attention to the posture and method of writing, so as to achieve "head straight, body straight, arms open and feet safe" There are writing postures and methods in general copybooks.