Color map of Jie Jin
Talent "(some people call him" the first talent of Daming "), master of couplets, editor-in-chief of Yongle Dadian.
Xiè jìn was born on 1 1 July 7th (1369 12.6), and Jishui built the Lakers. Grandfather Xie Ziyuan, a scholar in the fifth year of Yuan Dynasty (1345), was given the title of Fuzhou secretariat, then moved to Taishiyuan and died in the war at the end of Yuan Dynasty. Father untied, Second Chief Wei Du, five pillars of islam. He gave the official political knowledge without worship at his father's funeral, and was given an official position in the early Ming Dynasty, but he was not subject to this. He devoted himself to writing, running schools and cultivating talents. Mother Gao Miaoying is not only virtuous and wise, but also knowledgeable in history, small letters and melody. Jie Jin grew up in such a family and received a good education from an early age. Legend has it that he was extremely clever since he was a child and was known as a "child prodigy". His mother painted the land as a figure and taught it in a leg cover. He never forgot it at first sight. At the age of 5, the books taught by my father should be memorized; At the age of 7, he can describe the text and write poems with old idioms; 10 years old, recite thousands of words in a few days, and never forget it for life; 12 years old, read four books and five classics as far as I can.
In the twentieth year of Hongwu (A.D. 1387), he took the provincial examination in Jiangxi, ranking first (Xie Yuan); In the second year, he will try for the seventh time, and will join his brother Aaron and his brother-in-law. Elect Jishi Shu as the secretary of the middle school. Jie Jin has the ability to manage the country and safeguard national security. When he first became an official, he was deeply loved by Zhu Yuanzhang and often served around. One day, Taizu said to Iraq in the Great East and West Room, "If you are righteous with your son, you are a monarch and a minister. If you are kind to your father and son, you will know everything." I wrote a thousand words in the morning and made a statement. He suggested that government decrees should be stable, penalties should be simplified, classics and history should be sorted out, rituals and music should be formulated, sages should be commended, sages should be worshipped, prostitutes should be forbidden to be superior, temples should be castrated easily, taxes should be reduced, scriptures should be burned, ghosts and witches should be eliminated, redundant staff should be laid off and Su Min should be saved. He also pointed out that the imperial court chose talents and appointed the most virtuous; We should reform the current disadvantages, encourage farming, and implement the method of equal land distribution, so as to avoid exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes and enable the people to recuperate; It is necessary to worship the martial arts and respect the literary talents; Punishment does not implicate the wife, and Chu does not add officials. In his speech, Mao repeatedly praised Jie Jin's genius in defending national security and helping the world. Soon, Jin put forward ten strategies for peace and expounded his political views again, which was praised by Mao. Hongwu was a scholar in the 21st year, with a bachelor's degree in Hanlin. Wen Jian served as the first record of the Cabinet from November of the 4th year to February of the 5th year of Yongle (1402- 1407).
In the Ming Dynasty, Jie Jin, Huanghuai, Yang Shiqi and others joined Wenyuan Pavilion, joined the Hanlin Bachelor's degree, participated in the maintenance, ordered the repair of the Yongle Grand Ceremony, and succeeded to the throne in the fifth year of Yongle (1407). Bachelor Jin Hanlin and bachelor Zuo Chunfang both made imperial edicts at one time. Because of the prince, he was vilified by Hanwang Gao Xu. In the fifth year of Yongle (1407), he was banished to the Guangxi Public Security Department for "forbidding Han" and "unfair marking", and was framed by Li Zhigang and changed his mind. There is a saying that Jie Jin was banished to Guangxi. Cheng Zu of the Ming Dynasty had three sons, all of whom were born to the queen, but it is still inconclusive who can become a prince. The second son is high-spirited and domineering. Because of his meritorious service in the war, he secretly ran for the crown prince. Cheng Zu doted on Gao Xu and asked Jie Jin for advice. Jie Jin said: "The eldest son of the emperor is benevolent, and the world belongs to his heart." Chengzu remained silent. Jie Jin added, "Good grandson!" Chengzu, if you think. It turned out that the son of Gao Chi, the eldest son of the emperor, was deeply loved by Cheng Zu. Soon after, Cheng Zu showed a picture of a tiger and ordered the courtiers to write poems. Jie Jin saw the picture and immediately wrote a song. The poem reads: "The tiger is the respect of all animals, who dares to move its anger?" Only the love of father and son, step by step. When Grandfather saw this poem, he knew that Jie Jin had borrowed a fable, and he felt it deeply in his heart. His ministers also advocated that the emperor's eldest son, Gao Chi, be a prince, and this matter was finally solved. Although the prince was established, he was still disliked by Cheng Zu. Jie Jin protested: "This will cause disputes, which is not good." Cheng Zu was very unhappy and thought that he was deliberately alienating them and stimulating them with enthusiasm. In a rage, Cheng Zu banished Jie Jin to Guangxi.
In the eighth year of Yongle (14 10), he went to Beijing to see the prince privately. After Gao Xu knew about it, he said that he had made an unannounced visit to the East Palace, and there must be something hidden. Ming Chengzu was very angry. He was imprisoned for five years because of "bad manners". In the 13th year of Yongle (14 15), Jin Yiwei ordered Ji Gang to be imprisoned. When the emperor saw Jie Jin's name, he asked, "Are you still there?" It's a pity When Zhu learned of this, he was afraid of using it again, so he bribed the Royal Guards to command Ji Gang, ordered him to get drunk with wine, and then dragged him to the snow to freeze to death. In the winter of the thirteenth year of Yongle, he was only 47 years old.
Jie Jin's wife moved to Liaodong. After Injong ascended the throne, he was called to his wife family. Hou Qiao Cheng Wenyi. In the first year of Xianzong Chenghua (1465), it was returned to his official as a gift from the courtiers.
Jie Jin is good at calligraphy, especially Weeds. His ink includes poems in books and poems in Tang Dynasty. Wu Mingkuan's Collection of Letters from One Weng's Family said: "In Yongle, many people can write books, and the bachelor should be the first person to solve the problem. He should write fluently and skillfully." He is the author of Wen Yi.
A detailed account/description
Statue of Jie Jin
Jie Jin was a child prodigy. He was born versatile and brilliant. In the history of the Ming Dynasty, he was a man with great achievements in poetry and calligraphy. It is elegant and quaint, with a poet looking forward to sheep, a good book in fine print and a good line of grass. Crazy grass is famous for a while, but it can't be shaken. However, people who became famous all over the country at such a young age are brilliant and unruly in their bones, which is beyond the reach of those who became famous the day after tomorrow. But one thing is not good, such a character, without self-study, is easy to be beautiful in the forest, and the wind will destroy it, so his end is very miserable. Although he presided over the compilation of Yongle Grand Ceremony, he was finally buried alive in the snow by Royal Guards at the age of 47.
Although only 47 years old, Jie Jin experienced three dynasties: Ming Taizu, Wen Jian and Yongle. In the era of Zhu Yuanzhang, he was highly regarded for his outstanding talent. Zhu Yuanzhang once personally explained: "I am as righteous as a monarch and a minister and as kind as a father and son. What advice do you have for me? " When it comes to economics, Jie Jin once led more than 3,000 scholars to complete more than 370 million words and more than 20,000 volumes in three years (most of them were burned when Eight-Nation Alliance went to Beijing in 1900).
Jie Jin is not only knowledgeable and talented, but also honest and frank, not afraid of powerful people. He ignored, criticized and impeached traitors and villains many times, which led to his bumpy life, sometimes being favored, sometimes being promoted, and sometimes being relegated until he was persecuted to death.
Statue of Jie Jin
When the new official took office, Jie Jin accused Shen Qian, a minister of the Ministry of War, of dereliction of duty. The minister was very angry and falsely accused Jie Jin. Mao also accused Jie Jin of "venting his anger" and demoted him to Jiangxi Taoist Secretariat. Li Shanchang, a Korean male, was executed by Mao for his crime, and Shang Shuling was used to defend Li Shanchang on behalf of Langzhong Kingdom. Dai Xia also edited "On Yuan Tai's Traitor", recounting Yuan Tai's crimes of flouting the Chaogang, taking bribes and perverting the law, and framing loyalty. Yuan Tai bears a grudge for being punished. Mao believes that there is still a lack of self-cultivation, and it is necessary to cultivate one's morality and keep one's mind closed to the outside world, otherwise it will become the target of attack by his ministers. In the 24th year of Hongwu (139 1), Taizu called Jie Jin's father to Beijing and told him, "It's not too late to make great achievements. If you bring your son back, you will benefit from it. In the next ten years, you will be of great use. " Kim had to return to Jishui with his father. After 8 years in my hometown, I wrote behind closed doors, corrected the history of Yuan Dynasty, supplemented the books of Song Dynasty and deleted the book of rites. In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Taizu died of illness and went to Beijing to pay his respects. When Huidi came to Korea, Yuan Tai took the opportunity to make a speech and attack Jie Jin. "My mother was buried and my father was 90 years old. It is not appropriate to give up. " The emperor listened to the instructions and was demoted to Hezhou (now near Lanzhou, Gansu) as a garrison. At that time, Dong Lun, assistant minister of does, benefited from the emperor's trust and put in a lot of good words for Jie Jin in front of Hui Di. In this way, Jie Jin was recalled to Beijing in the fourth year of his work, and Ren Hanlin was waiting for a letter. In the first year of Yongle (1403), Judy ascended the throne, and Jie Jin was appointed as a bachelor of Hanlin. He entered the library with Huang Huai, Jin Youzi, Hu Yan and others, and soon transferred to Hanlin Bachelor's degree, and was ordered to be the president of Maolu and Nvzhuan. At this time, Cheng Zu trusted Jie Jin very much and once said to his ministers, "The world can't live without me for a day, and I can't live without Jie Jin for a day." In the second year of Yongle (1404), Jie Jin was promoted to Bachelor of Hanlin and Bachelor of Youchunfang. This is the pinnacle of his career.
The emperor's favor can't change Jie Jin's integrity and his insistence on justice. He still wants to oppose impolite things. In the third year of Yongle (1405), Judy called Jie Jin into the palace to discuss the establishment of a prince. At that time, Cheng Zu intended to make his second son Gao Xu a prince, but Jie Jin still bluntly said, "It has always been like this. The crown prince is benevolent and filial, and the world joins him. If he gives up, there will be controversy. Once the precedent is set, I'm afraid there will be no peace. The previous generation can be used as a mirror. " Judy was very unhappy after hearing this, so he hesitated. In order to convince the emperor, Jie Jin only said one sentence: "Good Sun!" The two men smiled at each other. Finally, he agreed to make Gao Chi, the eldest son, a prince, and Gao Xu, the second son, a Hanwang, and asked Jie Jin to write down the imperial edict of Li Chu to show the world. From then on, Gao Xu deeply hated Jie Jin. Gao Xu thinks that he has made meritorious military service and won Judy's favor, and has always had the heart to win office. Seeing this situation, Jie Jin discouraged: "No disputes." I think this is alienating their father-son relationship, and I have a lot of complaints about Kim. In the fourth year of Yongle, Cheng Zu gave Huang Huai and others two kinds of gauze clothes, but not Jie Jin. Qiu Fu, Duke of the Desert, "conveyed the secrets of the imperial court", but Gao Xu blamed Jie Jin for "forbidding the Han Dynasty" for five years, and was falsely accused of "unfair trial" and demoted as the Chief Secretary of the Guangxi Department. Before he left, Li Zhigang, a doctor who did not agree with Jie Jin, was falsely accused and framed, and was demoted to Jiaotoe (now Yue State) and ordered to pay for Huazhou.
In the eighth year of Yongle (14 10), Jie Jin people went to Beijing to play music, but their ancestors went north and didn't come back, so they had to visit the prince. So Zhu took the opportunity to go in and preach: "I'll go home when the prince goes out in private." No one is polite! " Joe was furious at this. At that time, Jie Jin had gone to Guangdong with King Ping. Along the way, they saw that the drought on both sides of the Ganjiang River was serious, and they demanded that the Ganjiang River be dredged to connect the north and the south to divert water to irrigate the fields. After the evacuation, Cheng Zu became even more angry and ordered Jie Jin to be arrested and imprisoned. He was tortured in prison and implicated many people. On the 13th day of the first month of the 13th year of Yongle (1465438+February 22, 2005), the Royal Guards Shuai Jigang was imprisoned. Cheng Zu saw Jie Jin's name and asked a good question: "Are you still there?" Outline has always been indifferent to human life, deeply hated by Jie Jin. Therefore, he was afraid that Chengzu would pardon and enable Jie Jin, so he rushed back to the prison, bought wine to congratulate him, got drunk and died in the snow. At that time, Jie Jin was only 47 years old. After Jie Jin was killed, his property was confiscated, and his wife, children and clan were exiled to Liaodong.
When Jie Jin was in court, he convinced people with good, saying that bad is bad, and he made no secret of his views. Cheng Zu once gave him a list of court ministers and ordered him to be "inclusive". Jie Jin wrote line by line: "Talent has no fixed view. Xia Yuanji is virtuous, not far from the villain. Liu Qing is very talented, but he doesn't care about justice. Zheng Ci can be described as a gentleman, quite lacking in talent. Li Zhigang was born to like this situation, even though he just misbehaved. Huang's heart straightens easily, and he is quite persistent. Chen Ying is engraved on usage and can be honest. Song Li's directness and harshness are offensive. Chen Qia cleared the police's sensitivity, but it is also true. Fang Bin's talent for thin books is also the heart of compensation. " Zu handed the letter to the prince and asked about Yin Changlong and Wang Ruyu. Jie Jin immediately replied: "Gentleman, but the amount is not large; I didn't come easily with your grace and literary talent, but I cherish the heart of the city. " Injong acceded to the throne, took out Jie Jin's recital and gave it to Yang Shiqi, the recorder, saying, "You are crazy. You have your own opinions on what you said, but you are not crazy!" Praise Jie Jin's novel and unique articles, which can be compared with Sima Qian, Han Yu and others. Therefore, Jie Jin's wife, children and clan were pardoned to Jishui. In August of the first year of orthodoxy (1436), the confiscated property was pardoned. In the first year of Chenghua (1465), Jie Jin was rehabilitated, restored to his official position, and received an audience with Dr. Chao Yi.
Jie Jin's "Song Zhao Heng palace examination Anecdote" cursive script.
Jie Jin's greatest achievement in his life is that he personally presided over the compilation of Yongle Dadian. Shortly after Chengzu ascended the throne, he ordered Jie Jin to compile A Collection of Documents, trying to collect the documents of past dynasties in different categories. However, due to the shortage of manpower and the rush of time, the book was completed within one year. After reading it, Cheng Zu thought that this compilation was too unprepared and too brief, which did not accord with his original intention. So he decided to send more princes Yao and ministers Zheng Ci as supervisors, and recruited more than 2,000 people to participate in specialized drug compilation, ordering and editing. After more than three years of hard work, this large-scale book was finally compiled and named Yongle Dadian. The book * * * has 22,877 volumes, 60 volumes of general examples and contents, and is bound into 1 1095 volumes, with * * * about 370 million words. "Including the vastness of the universe will unify the similarities and differences between ancient and modern times." Cheng Zu's Preface to Yongle Dadian has been compiled into seven or eight thousand works, including classics, history, books, collections, Buddhist scriptures, Taoist scriptures, northern operas, southern operas, storytelling, medicine, engineering technology, agronomy and Zhicheng, with the rhyme of Hongwu Zheng Yun as the preface. This is the largest kind of book in China. In the history of world culture, Yongle Dadian is regarded as the earliest, largest and most extensive encyclopedia.
Jie Jin has not only made outstanding achievements in academics, but also made great achievements in poetry, calligraphy and prose. He is so talented that he can't stop writing. There are more than 500 five-character poems by You Gong. His classical songs are unrestrained and imaginative, almost like Li Bai's, and his metrical poems are almost the same as those of the Tang Dynasty. He is also good at calligraphy, excellent in small letters, good in cursive, and ingenious in using pens, which is unexpected. His works include Baiyun Draft, Dongshan Collection and Taiping Shushu.