After children can read, they must be taught to write. Writing teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching. Children should be cultivated to be able to write correctly, neatly, cleanly and beautifully, and gradually achieve the ability to write quickly.
1. Teach children the correct posture for holding pens and sitting postures
Children who have just entered the first grade must first be taught how to hold and use pencils, and have the correct posture. Writing posture. Many children hold pencils in incorrect postures, tilt their heads, and squint their eyes when writing, which is harmful to their health and makes it difficult for them to write well. Therefore, the first step in teaching children to write is to teach them the correct way to hold a pen, with their head upright, chest straight, shoulders flat, chest slightly away from the table, and feet flat. But it is difficult for children to persist, and teachers must always pay attention to remind them to make them develop habits. In this regard, I always pay attention to it and put up a wall chart of writing postures in the classroom. I also demonstrate to them how to hold a pencil and how to sit, and explain why they should do it, and then ask everyone to learn to do it. , I often ask them to study by looking at the flip charts. Every time I write, I always check their pen holding and sitting postures.
Regarding this point, I think kindergarten teachers should also pay attention. If kindergarten teachers do not correctly instruct children on the postures of holding pens and writing, and develop habits, it will be very difficult to correct them in elementary school.
2. Use Tianzi grid to guide children in writing
The characteristic of Chinese characters is that they must be written squarely. To make the handwriting square, you can initially use the Tian Zi grid as a guide. First, teach the children to recognize the position of the Tian Zi grid (prepare a small blackboard for the Tian Zi grid), such as upper left grid, upper right grid, horizontal lines, vertical lines, etc., and then Ask them to compare it with the grid in their homework book. Without such careful guidance, some children will misread the grid, and sometimes write words into the small squares of the Tianzi grid, instead writing four characters in a Tianzi grid, or they may write too much. Big, written in Tian character grid. The advantage of the Tianzi grid is that it is convenient to guide children to write good calligraphy. Although some children draw the picture of a gourd with the same characters, they are very crooked and irregular. For example, if they write many characters, many children often write them horizontally, which means "xixi". Another example is when writing the word "family", the head of Bao hijab is often written too large, and the lower part is written very small, uneven and ugly. When writing old characters, because the first stroke is in the wrong position, the lower part becomes dagger and becomes crooked. The above words can be written correctly through the guidance of Tianzi grid. For example, when instructing children to write old characters using the Tian character grid, the main purpose is to make children understand that one stroke should be from the upper right grid through the center point to the lower left grid, and the dagger below should be aligned with the vertical line in the middle, so that the writing will be straight. For those characters with more strokes, they are often written out of grid, or the top is too big and too loose, and the bottom is squeezed very small, or the top is squeezed very small, and the bottom is too big and loose. After the guidance of Tian Zi Ge , can be written evenly in the grid. Sometimes I also consciously choose some characters with upper and lower structures, such as dad, yao, wan, lei, characters with left and right structures, such as cotton, qing, ming, pai, fully enclosed and semi-enclosed characters, such as 国, hui, tong, Gang, tell them to practice. Through practice, children's handwriting can be made spaced, square and beautiful. Therefore, I believe that using Tianzi grid to guide children in writing will play a great role in helping children write the words of the motherland correctly.
3. Teach children to practice the basic strokes of Chinese characters
The structure of Chinese characters is composed of basic strokes such as dot, vertical, horizontal, left and right strokes. These strokes seem very simple to us, but they are quite difficult for children when they are just learning. They must not be simplified when instructing. For the first time, I gave each child a piece of paper and asked them to write 丨,丨,一,丿,. They quickly finished writing, but none of them met the requirements. Some wrote many dots in one box, and some The strokes and strokes are drawn in an arc. After I learned this lesson, I demonstrated a little and asked them to write a little; I demonstrated a horizontal line and asked them to write a horizontal line. In this way, with patient guidance, most children wrote correctly. When instructing children to write complete Chinese characters, they should also write with strokes and strokes at the beginning. Gradually, they will write one structural unit after looking at it, and write one word after looking at each character. Every time I write on the blackboard, I don't write too fast. I start from where I start and finish where I am. I ask the children to concentrate on reading, and at the same time, I talk about the stroke order while writing. With this kind of guidance, children not only know the order of strokes, but also the names of the strokes, and they can also write correctly. Only when they have a fairly basic foundation can children be allowed to write independently.
In order to make children familiar with the stroke order and glyph structure, it is also a good method to call children to write in the first grade. Writing in the book saves time than writing on paper, and children can be found immediately. Stroke order errors are easy to guide and correct. If children are always asked to bury their heads in writing, they will get bored easily. Sometimes, you can guide them to talk about strokes while the book is empty, which will make them very interested. Calling children a book space is in line with the age characteristics of children, because children in lower grades are active, and a book space is suitable for their active characteristics. If they focus on the book space, their interest will not shift to other things. Sometimes I also ask them to write on the table with their fingers, which is what most people call a desk. After writing, you can also ask them to read the pinyin and pronunciation of the word. Sometimes you can add an explanation of the word's meaning to closely combine the pronunciation, shape and meaning of the word. Such writing is very beneficial to the consolidation of the word.
4. Guiding children to write correctly
Guiding children to write correctly is the most important link in writing teaching, which is related to whether they can use the motherland’s characters correctly in the future. Fully express your thoughts and feelings and exchange ideas with others. Children tend to write more or less than one stroke. Therefore, I always provide additional guidance before writing these words that I guess will be wrong. For example, children often write the words "nuan", "yesterday" and "qing" as "eyes", but write the words "sleep", "eyes" and "mian" as "ri"; after learning the word "parent", they often add two dots below when writing the word "xing", and sometimes they write the word "sleep", "eye" and "mian" as "ri" The two points of the word "table" are omitted and become the word "Zhuo". Mistakes like these are relatively common, so I will pay more attention to glyph analysis in word teaching so that children can correctly grasp the glyph structure. In this way, errors can be reduced and writing can be accurate and beautiful.
Some children write carelessly and their strokes are not correct. For example, they write horizontal folds, vertical folds or vertical hooks and just slide them over. Not convenient. I asked them to make it horizontally and vertically, and evenly balanced up and down, left and right. Characters with more strokes should be written more compactly; characters with fewer strokes should be written more loosely. In order to prevent children from writing too quickly and sloppily, I sometimes give them a word and ask them to write a word and a sentence to write a sentence. In this way, children can not only write carefully and patiently, but also write at about the same speed. After a period of training, when you are quite proficient in strokes and glyph structures, you can appropriately ask to write quickly.
To guide children to write correctly, they must not work alone. They should have close contact with all aspects and must be closely connected with literacy teaching. Children are required to know literacy thoroughly and master it firmly; they must have close contact with reading teaching. Close contact requires more work on correct pronunciation and orthography, so that children have a correct understanding of the pronunciation, shape, and meaning of each character. Children are required to have a clear understanding of the meaning of the words composed of characters; they must also closely follow the teaching of writing and speaking. Contact and correct the words that children cannot write and the words that they write incorrectly in their written words. Therefore, my writing teaching is coordinated and related to all teaching activities in Chinese teaching.
In the first semester of first grade, there are some difficult words, such as "hidden", "thrown", "hatched", "hedge", etc. The strokes are many and irregular, so children have difficulty writing them, so they may not be required to write them for the time being. In order for children to write correctly and neatly, teachers must set an example. When writing on the blackboard and correcting homework, they must write clearly, neatly and well-proportionally, and become a role model for children to learn from.
5. Guide children to use writing tools correctly
For lower grade children, it is also very important to guide children to use tools such as erasers, pencils and notebooks. Sometimes when children make mistakes in writing, they wipe them with saliva and fingers, which is unhygienic and can easily stain the notebook. Some children use an eraser to erase words with too much force, often scratching the paper. Some children erase casually, but the words to be erased are not erased, and other words are blurred by the eraser. Therefore, I pay great attention to instructing children on how to use erasers. Children like to sharpen pencils with knives. They often sharpen the pencils very long and sharp. They break when they write with force. They break again and sharpen again, and then break again. A pencil is finished in less than three days. Some children do not have a pencil sharpener, so they scribble with a bald pen. The writing is thick and fat, which is very untidy and beautiful. Some children also buy very hard pencils because they are afraid of using them too much, which makes writing very difficult. If they write lightly, they cannot see clearly, and if they write too hard, they will easily puncture the paper. These may seem like minor problems, but they have a lot to do with the quality of writing. I not only want children to write correctly and well, but I also want them to learn to use these tools and cherish these tools.
Keeping the notebook clean is related to the cultivation of children's aesthetic concepts and quality. I always ask children not to dirty the notebook, not to curl the corners, and not to tear it. Sometimes, in order to prevent the cuffs from crinkling the corner of the book, I ask them to cover the right corner of the book with another book before writing. Especially in winter when they wear a lot of clothes, I pay more attention to asking children to do this. Cultivating children to care for notebooks in these small ways will help children know how to care for all material wealth and develop the virtue of frugality.