Due to regional and cultural differences, oriental gardens show obvious local characteristics. Jiangnan Garden, Lingnan Garden, Zhongshu Garden and Northern Garden have their own characteristics. Generally speaking, China gardens mostly take natural landscapes as landscape elements, with trees and vegetation as embellishments, pay attention to the integration of architectural beauty and natural beauty, have a strong interest in poetry and painting, and take creating artistic conception as an important aesthetic pursuit.
The garden system in West Asia, represented by Iraq and Persia, also known as the Arabian Forest System, has influenced the Middle East, mainly gardens and churches, and formed the garden characteristics of Islam.
Western European garden system, also known as European garden system, is represented by Britain, France and Italy. It is dominated by regular buildings and plants, with obvious central axis and strict symmetry.
After thousands of years of development, three major systems, namely, the East, Islam and Europe, have finally formed.
China Gardens:
(1) is based on nature and higher than nature. Gardens are based on natural mountains, waters and landforms, but they are not simply used, but are consciously and purposefully transformed and processed to reproduce a highly generalized, refined and typical nature.
(2) Pursuing the perfect combination with nature, and striving to achieve a high degree of harmony between man and nature, that is, the ideal realm of "harmony between man and nature".
(3) Elegant cultural artistic conception. China's gardening not only conveys the information of artistic conception by virtue of landscape, flowers and architecture, but also integrates China's unique calligraphy art forms, such as plaques, couplets and inscriptions, into the gardening to deepen the artistic conception of the garden. This is unique to China gardens and incomparable to other garden systems.