To prevent and control myopia, these three means are the most reliable. Low-dose atropine, orthokeratology and outdoor exercise can effectively prevent and treat myopia children's vision loss. First of all, medical optometry and axonometric examination are needed. If the optometry results confirm myopia, there is no cure at present, but there is a set of methods to control the development of myopia. Many optometrists in the world have reached the understanding that effective prevention and control measures for myopia are still a classic trilogy. 0.0 1% atropine is the best myopia prevention and control drug. Atropine is familiar to ophthalmologists and some parents. It is the most widely used cycloplegic agent in ophthalmology. Used for mydriasis optometry, the adverse reactions such as photophobia and unclear myopia are daunting. However, optometrists found that diluting atropine to 0.0 1% can effectively slow down the progression of myopia with fewer adverse reactions. In this helpless age of true myopia, among several methods that people can effectively control the deepening of myopia, this method is the best in terms of medication. At present, there is no ready-made low-concentration atropine drug in China, which needs to be prepared by doctors themselves. Therefore, in order to reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, it must be used under the guidance of doctors and cannot be used blindly. Orthokeratology is the first choice for non-surgical treatment of myopia. Among various means to control myopia, posterior scleral reinforcement = orthokeratology > progressive multifocal lens = defocused glasses > ordinary glasses. Posterior scleral reinforcement is a kind of surgery to alleviate the development of myopia by strengthening the posterior sclera of eyeball with biomaterials or synthetic materials. Surgery? Parents are unhappy. Orthokeratology mirror is an "artifact" to control myopia. Orthokeratology is irreplaceable in myopia control, and it is one of the most effective myopia control methods in the world. Now it has more than 200,000 users and has been recognized all over the world. Orthokeratology lens (commonly known as OK lens) is a kind of contact lens made of high oxygen permeability material, which is designed and manufactured according to the patient's corneal geometry and refractive state. The special design of steep periphery makes the tears under the lens slightly press the cornea, thus slowly changing the shape of the cornea, thus reducing the degree of myopia and astigmatism. Put it on before going to bed at night, take it off after getting up in the morning, and you can achieve normal vision the next day. The biggest advantage of orthokeratology is to get rid of the troubles of wearing glasses and deepening myopia during the day while sleeping peacefully. Long-term wearing can control the increase of shaft length and delay the development of degree. It is found that compared with the teenagers of the same age who wear traditional frame glasses, the myopia development of those who wear plastic glasses has slowed down by about half, and even some children have only deepened their myopia by 25 degrees after wearing them for 3 years, and a small number of children have only deepened their myopia by 65,438+050 degrees after wearing them for 65,438+00 years. A study in Hong Kong also found that people who wear plastic glasses for three years have half the axial length of their peers who wear frame glasses, and their myopia is only half that of the latter. At present, there is no effective way to prevent myopia and control the development of juvenile myopia. This technology has indeed brought hope to both doctors and patients, and has become the first choice for non-surgical treatment of myopia. Orthokeratology mirror belongs to three types of medical devices managed by China Food and Drug Administration. Orthokeratology is a risky medical technology and must be fitted by an optometrist. Each pair of plastic glasses is customized, which requires doctors to have rich clinical experience and must be reviewed regularly after wearing. Orthokeratology not only requires high fitting technology, but also needs the cooperation of the wearer, especially the health conditions of children and families. Children need to pay attention to hand and eye hygiene when wearing them. Parents should have health awareness and follow up regularly in strict accordance with the doctor's requirements. Children should seek medical advice in time if their eyes are uncomfortable. In addition, plastic glasses also have certain requirements for age and myopia. For example, the best object to wear is a child with strong self-care ability over 8 years old, and the degree of myopia is within 600 degrees. For myopia with high astigmatism, special lenses need to be selected. Of course, for some children with good health awareness, the age can also be relaxed appropriately. Regarding the fitting and use of orthokeratology lenses, Dr. Shi suggested: professional doctors+qualified lenses (medical devices)+qualified users (patients) = safe and effective. Two hours of outdoor exercise every day is the best panacea. Many parents of nearsighted children are eager to find a quick and simple method or medicine to cure myopia. At present, an endless stream of myopia prevention and treatment products on the market caters to parents' psychology, and business is booming. Is there really a panacea for myopia in the world? The answer is no, so far, no medicine or instrument has been proved to cure myopia. The reporter's own son is 4 years old this year, and his axial development is close to the level of a 7-year-old child. Look at the screen (including TV, computer, mobile phone, etc. ) No more than 30 minutes a day, 2 hours of outdoor exercise every day. At present, it is common in China that children are diagnosed with myopia before they think of prevention. Myopia doesn't happen overnight. The reason why parents are aware of their children's myopia is mainly because most parents don't have the awareness of taking their children to the hospital or professional optometry center for vision examination regularly, so they can't find their children's vision problems early. Parents should establish refractive development files for their children. The specific method is to go to a professional optometry center for a holographic examination every 6 months from the age of 3. Refractive index, axial length, corneal curvature radius, intraocular pressure, height and weight were recorded. The establishment of refractive development files has three advantages: first, refractive abnormalities of eyes, such as hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and amblyopia, can be found as soon as possible; Second, early detection of whether the baby has eye diseases; Third, we can screen out the "blank" of myopia among children with normal vision. For example, an 8-year-old child should have farsightedness of 125 ~ 150 degrees, and his vision is 1.0. If an 8-year-old child's refractive state is found to be emmetropia (that is, no hyperopia or myopia), it means that the child is likely to be nearsighted in the future, and timely intervention measures must be taken to prevent myopia. For example, don't let the baby use his eyes too early or too close, because the baby's eyes are still farsighted, and it is more "tired" than normal adults at close range. Excessive use of eyes too early will lead to excessive expansion of the eyeball and premature elongation of the axial length, which will lay a hidden danger for myopia. Unfortunately, many young parents turn tablets into nannies because their children are noisy. Children at school should read and write correctly, with their heads straight, their eyes 30 cm away from the book and their fingertips 2 cm away from the pen tip. Don't lie in bed or read at your desk. Avoid eye fatigue after long-term use. If you continue to work or use the computer for half an hour, you should rest for 10 minutes. Two hours of outdoor exercise every day is the best free panacea to prevent and control myopia, but children in China often can't do it. "I observed that 10 years old is a high-risk age group for myopia, but at this time, the child is just in the third grade of primary school, and parents begin to add more training classes to their children. It is a luxury to exercise outdoors for 2 hours every day." Prevention and control of myopia is not only a medical problem, but also a social problem.