1, Pei Minjian Dance
Pei (péi) Min (mín), whose ancestral home was Wenxi in Hedong (now Wenxi in Shanxi), was a figure in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty. He once defended Beiping County (now ruling Lulong, Hebei Province) and participated in wars against Westerners, Khitan and Tubo successively. According to records, this official is "General Sargingo".
Tang Kaiyuan is a man. According to "Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio", he "threw a sword into the clouds, dozens of feet high. If lightning shoots down, he will hold the sword in his hand and the sword will enter from the air, which will surprise everyone. "
According to "Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties", the painter Wu Daozi saw Pei Min's sword dance, so he "completed the struggle against monsters, but" made great progress ".
Literati call Li Bai's poems, Zhang Xu's cursive script and Pei Min's sword dance "three unique skills", while the world calls them "poet", "sage of grass" and "great swordsman" respectively. Pei Min is famous for his good marksmanship. Punctuality, there are tigers everywhere in Peiping. He shoots 3/kloc-0 tigers a day.
2. Li Bai's poems
Li Bai (70 1-762), whose real name is Taibai, also known as "purple laity" and "fallen fairy", was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and was praised as "poetic fairy" by later generations, and was also called "Du Li" with Du Fu. In order to distinguish himself from two other poets, Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai merged again.
Li Bai's poems are mainly lyrical. He is the first poet who can really absorb and improve from the folk literature and art at that time and Yuefu folk songs since Qin, Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, and form his own unique style. He has extraordinary artistic talent and great artistic power.
Everything that is surprising, comforting, exciting and thought-provoking comes out. Du Fu, the most outstanding romantic poet in China after Qu Yuan, has the comment that "the pen falls and the wind and rain shake, and the poem makes the gods cry".
Li Bai has the highest achievements in Yuefu, Gexing and Jueju. His songs completely broke all the inherent forms of poetry creation, no one relied on them, and his brushwork was diverse, reaching the magical realm of unpredictability and swaying.
Li Bai's quatrains are natural and lively, elegant and chic, and can express endless feelings in concise and lively language. Among the poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran were good at five-character poems, while Wang Changling was good at seven-character poems. However, Li Bai is the only one who combines five poems with seven poems.
3. Zhang Xu cursive script
Zhang Xu (685? -759? ), the word Gao Bo, the word Ji Ming, was born in Wuxian County, Suzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), a calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, good at cursive writing and fond of drinking. He is called Zhangdian in the world.
With Huai Su, it is called "drunk"; He, Zhang and Bao Rong are also called "Four Gentlemen of Wuzhong"; Who is also called "Eight Immortals of Drinking"? His cursive script, Li Bai's poems and songs, and Pei Min's sword dance are also called "three musts".
Zhang Xu's calligraphy began with Zhangzhi and Erwang, with cursive script as the highest achievement. He himself is proud of inheriting the tradition of "two kings" and is meticulous in every word. His regular script is accurate. The rules are extreme, and Huang Gu is called "the first in the Tang Dynasty".
If his regular script is more inheritance than creation, then his cursive script is a great innovation and development in calligraphy. It is shocking to create such a chic and unpredictable weed.
Extended data:
In Tang Wenzong, a rare imperial edict was issued to the whole country, and Li Bai's poems and songs, Zhang Xu's cursive script and Pei Min's sword dance were called "three musts" in the Tang Dynasty. Although these "three unique skills" are different, they are similar in essence and have the distinctive characteristics of the cultural spirit of the Tang Dynasty.
During the years of Kaiyuan and Tianbao, the development of culture and art in the Tang Dynasty reached its peak, and a large number of stunning figures emerged, all of which appeared at this time.
Among the "Three Musts", the poet Li Bai's name is the loudest. Whether before or after death, it resounds all over the world. Zhang Xu, the sage of grass, is unique in the calligraphy field and the founder of Shan, but few people know him except calligraphy lovers. As for Pei Min, the warrior, there are few historical records, let alone old friends who know him.
However, interestingly, these three people actually have quite an intersection. If we take Li Bai as the main line, we can find that he is not only a veteran drinker with Zhang Xu, but also a master-apprentice relationship with Pei Min, who learned sword from him as a teenager.
Li Bai is the only poet called "immortal" for thousands of years. If Tang poetry represents the peak level of China's poetry culture, then Li Bai is the first person on this peak.
He wrote more than 900 poems in his life. His poems are bold, atmospheric and open, with exaggerated artistic techniques and unique imagination, and often have a sense of ecstasy. So why do you call them "fallen immortals"? Du Fu commented that "putting pen to paper shakes the wind and rain, poetry makes ghosts cry".
At the age of five, I recite the six armor, at the age of ten, I read a hundred books, at the age of fifteen, I wrote wonderful books, endowed Ling Xiangru, and practiced swordsmanship by myself. As a teenager, Li Bai traveled all over China with his sword. Because of his ambition to "talk about beauty, seek the skills of emperors, seek their wisdom, and be willing to assist them, so as to make the atlas area big and the sea county clear", he devoted himself to finding opportunities to make contributions.
But by the age of forty, his poems had long been famous in the world, but he was still a commoner, and he was still doing things repeatedly, so he sighed, "I have Wu Yuege, and no one knows this sound."
When Li Bai was forty-two years old, he was commended by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and was awarded the imperial academy. Li Bai had a sense of satisfaction at the beginning. He was full of ambition and had the lofty sentiments of "Laughing at the sky, my generation is not Artemisia".
But unfortunately, Xuanzong was no longer in power in the early days. Li Bai was full of knowledge, but the emperor's heart was not here. What should we do? Coupled with the fact that "the white jade flies, the monarch and the minister suddenly go their own way", Xuanzong became more and more alienated from him because of the influence of slanders, and finally ended up paying back the money.
The loss of a cavity of blood is not a heavy blow, so he later lamented that "the road is as wide as the sky, and there is no way out at present."
Li Bai, who was politically frustrated, sought spiritual liberation and pleasure in wine, and even comforted himself with the words "The sober in the past, the sages and sages all forget, and only the heavy drinkers are immortalized". Because, even with grief and indignation, Li Bai must never let out a sigh.
The first sentence of his farewell to Minister Shu Yun at Xie Tiao Villa in Xuanzhou was "I have to leave Bolt and me since yesterday", which shows that he has an exile attitude towards the past, whether it is good or bad. In a word, he doesn't have to stick to past gains and losses.
Even though I am "because the world can't satisfy our desire", I am still optimistic that "I will let go of my hair and get on a fishing boat tomorrow". This is the greatness of Li Bai. Even though his heart is so tormented, he remains open-minded and heroic, because his poems can be "sad without depression, sad without resentment".
During their stay in Chang 'an, Li Bai and how eight people often drank together. Du Fu jokingly called them "Eight Immortals of Drinking" and wrote a poem about it, including Zhang Xu, a "sage of grass". In this poem "Eight Immortals Drinking", Du Fu's description of Li Bai and Zhang Xu is very vivid, and even becomes a status symbol for them in the future.
This is the reason for the sentence "One hundred poems of Li Bai's fighting for wine", followed by the sentence "The Emperor calls for a boat and calls himself Brewmaster", which vividly depicts Li Bai's wild and unruly posture after drunkenness.
And "Three Cups of Cao Xian Biography in Zhang Xu", ... as a cloud ",not only directly positioned the name of Cao Xian, but also showed Zhang Xu's free and easy brushwork after drunkenness. It must be said that only with Du Fu's realm can we understand the spiritual temperament of poets and saints, which belongs to the tacit understanding and friendship between peerless "masters".
Zhang Xu, a talented and unrestrained person, has a unique personality. He is an alcoholic. He often starts writing when he is drunk, or calls for crazy walking, and then writes a book.
It is said that he even had the experience of writing with his hair dipped in ink after being drunk, so he was also called "Zhang Dian". His calligraphy began with Zhangzhi and Erwang, and cursive writing was the highest achievement. His calligraphy skill is profound, and he writes every word well, but he can form his own family and create a unique and unpredictable weed. His writing is deeply loved by the world. If I get a piece of paper occasionally, it will be a treasure, a hereditary treasure.
According to historical records, Yan Zhenqing resigned twice and asked Zhang Xu for brushwork. The poet Huai Su also inherited Zhang Xuzhi's cursive script.
Pei Min is called the Great Sword Master. According to "Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio", it "threw a sword into the clouds, tens of feet high. If lightning is shot down, people will be surprised if it is carried with a sheath in hand and a sword goes through the air. " It is also rumored that Wu Daozi, a painter, saw Pei Min's sword dance, saying, "Ghosts and monsters haunt, and they have made great progress in one time.".
Sword dancing prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, and Gong Sundaniang was famous for being good at sword dancing. When she gave a folk performance, the audience was packed with people. Zhang Xu, the sage of grass, once said that he saw Gong Sundaniang dance "Xihe Sword" and got the god of calligraphy.
In Gong Sundaniang's sword dance, the most striking thing is "General Pei's Whole Body Method", which is adapted from General Pei Min's unique sword dance skills.
Du Fu once praised: "She danced with a dagger and drew a knife on all sides. The audience is like a mountain lost between them, and the world moves back and forth with her movements. As bright as an archer shooting down the nine suns in the sky, as fast as an angel in front of a dragon's wings. She began to be like a thunderbolt, venting its anger and ending the shining calm like rivers and the sea. " It can be seen that its sword dance is exquisite.
Gong Sundaniang is a folk artist, but Pei Min is not. He practiced fencing hard to make contributions on the battlefield, not to perform in front of others. So his swordsmanship is rare for ordinary people. But if he doesn't move the sword, it will be "earth-shattering, making the gods cry", and people who watch it will never forget it. Therefore, the reputation of "Blade Master" spread all over the world.
Li Bai and Zhang Xu in the "Three Musts" are both wild and uninhibited. Although we know very little about Pei Min, the person who can make such a fierce and charming sword dance should also be free and unrestrained.
I have to say that this has something to do with the cultural spirit of the Tang Dynasty at that time, because the culture of the Tang Dynasty was tolerant, and the literati warriors of the Tang Dynasty could not be proud of the temple, but also become famous in the rivers and lakes. Therefore, the so-called "three unique" is also a unique romance, which is the embodiment of the bold spirit.