It is not only a historical witness of the activities of respecting Confucius and offering sacrifices to Confucius by rulers of past dynasties, but also a carrier that fully embodies our traditional ideology and culture, and it is also the crystallization of the wisdom of working people. Since the establishment of Confucius Temple, it has had a great and far-reaching impact on the development of our society.
In the cultural integration of China for more than 2,000 years, the function of Confucius Temple has gone far beyond the significance of the memorial building itself and has become a symbol of multi-ethnic culture in China.
The existence of Confucius Temple embodies the mainstream position of Confucianism in China's traditional culture, and stone carving, stone carving art and activities of offering sacrifices to Confucius are also the concentrated expression of China culture in Confucius Temple.
With the passage of time and the replacement of dynasties, many inscriptions and plaques were left in the process of the establishment, repair and sacrifice of Confucius temples in various places.
According to statistics, there are more than 65,438+0,000 stone tablets in Qufu Confucius Temple, including Confucius Memorial Hall, Confucius Memorial Hall, Confucius Memorial Hall, merit monument and so on. These stone tablets are engraved not only with Chinese, but also with some minority languages, such as Manchu and Mongolian. No matter from the time span or quantity, it is of great reference value to the study of China's ancient history and culture.
Judging from the calligraphy art of inscriptions and plaques, all kinds of fonts have different styles and characteristics and are rare treasures. There are more than 20 inscriptions and Chinese characters in the Han Dynasty, which is the place where the largest number of inscriptions in the Han Dynasty are preserved in China. Monument, Book of Rites, Monument to Confucius and Monument to Shi Chenbei are Han Li's representative works, and Monument to Zhang Menglong and Monument to Jia Shijun are Wei Ti's representative works.
In addition, there are calligraphy books of Sun Normal University, Mi Fei, Dang, Zhao Mengfu, Zhang Qiyan, Li Dongyang, Dong Qichang and Weng Fanggang, as well as the titles of Yuan Haowen and Guo. It is a treasure house of ancient calligraphy art in China. ..
The sculpture in Confucius Temple is also the top grade of stone carving art in China, especially the stone pillar carving dragon in Dacheng Hall, which is a masterpiece of stone carving art. The stone carving techniques in Confucius Temple are varied, such as wire carving and relief.
The lines are engraved with restored land, carved land, plain land and connecting land. Relief is deep and shallow, smooth and rough. The style is rigorous and fine, or bold and unconstrained, with smooth lines and beautiful shapes.
There are 74 stone pillars carved in pounds in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the temple, including 56 flat reliefs and 8 high reliefs/kloc-0. Most of the ground flat carvings are small Yunlong and phoenix peony, which were carved in the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty. There are flowers such as peony, pomegranate and lotus in the Chongsheng Temple, and the composition is beautiful. In addition, the bas-relief Yunlong stone in Shengshimen, Dachengmen and Dachengdian also has high artistic value.