The Heart Sutra of the Ten Great Calligraphers

1. Wang Xizhi of Jin Dynasty

Wang Xizhi (303-361), courtesy name Yishao, was born in Linyi, Langxie, and is known as the "Sage of Calligraphy".

2. Ouyang Xun of the Tang Dynasty

Ouyang Xun (557-641), courtesy name Xinben, was born in Linxiang, Tanzhou (now Changsha), and was one of the "Four Masters of Regular Script".

3. Zhao Mengfu of the Yuan Dynasty

Zhao Mengfu (1254-1322), named Ziang, was born in Huzhou and was "one of the four masters of regular script".

4. Ming Dynasty Wen Zhengming

Wen Zhengming (1470-1559), courtesy name Zhengming, was born in Changzhou (now Suzhou) and was a famous calligrapher, painter and poet in the mid-Ming Dynasty.

5. Dong Qichang of the Ming Dynasty

Dong Qichang (1555-1636), courtesy name Xuanzai, was born in Huating (now Songjiang, Shanghai) and was a famous calligrapher in the late Ming Dynasty.

6. Fu Shan, Ming Dynasty

Fu Shan (1607-1684), whose courtesy name was Qingzhu, was born in Yangqu, Shanxi Province. He was a calligrapher and medical scientist in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

7. Hong Yi in the Republic of China

Hong Yi (1880-1942), a famous art educator and calligrapher, was later ordained as a monk, with the Buddhist name of Yanyin and his nickname Hong Yi.

8. Yu Youren in the Republic of China

Yu Youren (1879-1964), named Seductive, was born in Sanyuan, Shaanxi Province and is a contemporary grass sage.

9. Qi Gong's "Heart Sutra"

Qi Gong (1912-2005), Chinese calligrapher and calligraphy and painting connoisseur.

10. "Heart Sutra" by Zhao Puchu

Zhao Puchu (1907-2000) is a famous religious leader, poet, and calligrapher.