Wu: Yes.
Wu Ze, the only female emperor in China, filled the vacancy.
Wu Zetian is a name with considerable historical charm, but she is like a legendary historical figure. Her second daughter, the founder of the Tang Dynasty, was attacked by Li Shimin, the young concubine of Queen Li Zhi of Emperor Taizong. She assisted the emperor in handling military affairs. After the royal government came to power in Jordan for three years, she ascended the throne, calling herself Emperor of the Holy Spirit. She abolished Tang, changed her name to Zhou, and became the only queen in the history of China. From her state, her participation in the affairs of the self-proclaimed emperor, her last ruling, the "Zhenguan rule" on the deck and her next launch, we can see the historical achievements of "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng" in the transformation of the world after nearly half a century. Due to James Soong's sincere evaluation, Wu was "an outstanding female politician in feudal times".
Wu, whose real name was later renamed. Heshui in the early Tang Dynasty (now Wenshui County, Shanxi Province). She was born in the first month of the seventh year of Wude in Tang Gaozu (624) and died in the first year of Zongshenlong (705) 1 1. My mother is a warrior's persistent wife, a university student in Longyou, a prime minister in Sui Dynasty, and a man and a woman in Suining.
Wu was born in a wealthy official family in the early Tang Dynasty. Her outstanding motivation and luxurious life nourished her infinite desire for power. However, in the early Tang Dynasty, the gentry door prevailed, and Wu Buyi's family background was humble, and he was despised and vulgar, but he did not want to bury it. This special situation and misfortune strongly stimulated Wu's youth, cultivated her crazy pursuit and seizure of supreme power, and achieved solipsism from desire and cruel and immoral revenge psychology. This is politics, even though she said that it was particularly prominent in a series of political struggles of "Nangu", which has become a mixed practice in her life. Personality, personality, psychological root.
His childhood, from which Li Huimin studied, is a good embodiment of the courage of superman. Her father is a talented person who knows this well. He can do it and then teach her to read and write, so she is proficient in the world. On that day, I was 13 years old, and I also laid a good foundation for reading, memorizing and poetry, but my calligraphy was excellent, and I didn't indicate Zhuo Luoqun.
Eleven years (637), 14 years old, only one palace. After entering the palace, his ability to act and his understanding, coupled with the beautiful flowers and the love of Taizong, were given the name "Mei Niang". For a long time, Emperor Taizong also found that he was a good person who knew and understood etiquette that day, so he gave her a dress of the royal research office of the mediation team. This change began to contact the documents of the royal empress dowager, understand some court events and read a lot of books. It is not easy to see the verdict, broaden your horizons and get familiar with bureaucracy.
In the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), Taizong was sent to Chang 'an Ganye Temple for a haircut on the day of his concubine. After Taizong Jiuzi acceded to the throne, Li Zhi was interested in calling Tian later because he complimented Tian earlier, but he often felt connected with the temple industry. In two or three years, Jin called it "Zhao Zhiyi" Yonghui for six years (655), and Emperor Wu Zetian's minions were very popular, including fighting for the palace, and they were sure to win. So far, the promotion of the emperor has been established. However, in feudal society, who should be in charge of the affairs of the minister of state when the queen is abolished? When the emperor abolished the king and queen, the intention of setting up a queen to explain all senior ministers such as Sui Liang and Sun Chang Wuji met with strong opposition immediately. They think Wu Shi is modest, not wise after the event. However, this idea was also supported by officials such as Xu, Li Yifu and Xu, criminals of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in North Korea. With their help, Emperor Ban Zhao finally abolished the king and queen in this year 10, and was officially appointed as the queen. From then on, Zhongdu belonged to the hall of power in the hands of Wu Shi.
Later, the queen acceded to the throne, smart and witty, and achieved leap-forward development with the advantage of "literature and history playing politics" Therefore, for those who love the emperor more than her and can't see this day, she also took advantage of the queen's position and the emperor's favor to actively participate in politics by herself, "the season", from Yonghui for six years (655). Dismissed Sun Baekje, who didn't work under the book door, and forced him to hang himself; Dissolve all the supporters of North Korea's good grandson Yuan Baiji, consolidate and expand her influence and power, and remove obstacles for her politics and road.
In the fifth year of Daqing (66O), Emperor Li Zhi felt dizzy and his head was not enough, so he wrote to the Associate Affairs Committee of Wuhou. Since then, people have moved from politics to power step by step every day. "It depends on its mouth and the emperor's hand is in its hand." Although people are behind the scenes, the power of the court is remote. Later, the emperor regretted it, tried to restore power, and invalidated the book Shangguan Yi Lang Cao Chao. It turns out that if you don't turn off the machine, "it's all in vain to drain water." Wu Zetian can't take it easy. It's better to strike first, and the law will punish Shangguan. Chess is high, but it falls short, and I am more vigilant against Wu Zetian.
Treatment, because Wu Zetian's chief chapter has laws, unlike the emperor who accused indecision for a long time, is highly respected by ministers. Although the emperor is tired of his casual behavior, they can't rely on some state affairs to make her. This made Wu Zetian gradually move from behind the scenes to the front desk, actually using the same Linzidi Temple and the ministers who accepted the worship. In the first year of Shangyuan (674), when Gaozong became the queen, he was honored as a "double saint" by the world. From then on, the emperor was useless, and the power of Tang was in the hands of Wu Zetian. The inquiry came from the statue coming to power in the first year of Shangyuan (674), and he officially declared himself the emperor of 16 in Tianyuan (690). When the Wu family was built, the emperor had enough time to prepare and take various powerful and effective measures. First of all, when Emperor Li Hongzhang's eldest son succeeded to the throne, he thought Zen was there. Wu Zetian is so ignorant that she can't understand Li Hong's poisonous hands. Li Lixian is the prince's second son. When the emperor entrusted any neighboring country to handle government affairs, Li Xuanyi was very capable. Li Chuang was in Xi 'an, Wuhou was abolished as Shu Ren, and Li Chuang of Xi 'an was the third son of the Prince. Emperor Hongdao died in 683. In the case of Li Gang's succession, Empress Wu said the name of this system. After being destroyed this year, it was renamed as King Luling, and the fourth son of Emperor Ber Ber was named Zong Rui. Li Xian and Li Dan were stupid and incompetent, and were subject to the puppet emperor Wu Zetian.
Secondly, it is the struggle of "ethnic origin" for "surname origin", the weakening of aristocratic bureaucrats and traditional culture of public opinion who have always opposed him, and the dependence of civilians on the emerging landlord class. This makes the official gathering of aristocratic bureaucrats no longer have more favorable conditions, and Hao will not do whatever he wants because of his background. Officials from civilian backgrounds are no longer humiliated by others because of their humble origins. Ouyang Xiu's Records of the Last Times has lost sight of the privileges of the gentry and nobles. Even the original Genealogy Wu can't be listed in the Surname Genealogy, but it is a first-class surname.
Third, it is an important measure to change the official name, the capital Luoyang, and establish a new order. Great position, dominating the country, saying that he has supreme power. Wu Zetian's New Deal measures were quickly opposed by the British royal family Lee and many aristocratic bureaucrats. Liu Shi, the devoted father of the Tang Dynasty, was the first to summon hundreds of thousands of soldiers and horses to revolt in Yangzhou. At the classic moment, the whole world is "discussing Wu Chaoxi". King Langya is in Bozhou, and Christine is also attacking Wu and dispatching troops. Wu Zetian is uncompromising. Under her direct command, she decisively suppressed these rebellions, and Xu Jingye, Li Chong, Christine and other major rebels either came out of the battlefield or were killed, and none of them were spared.
The horrific killing and extensive involvement fully exposed Wu Zetian's ruthlessness and decisiveness.
In 69O AD, when Wu Zetian, who came to the throne, thought that the conditions were ripe, she first stipulated that the Buddhist teachings should be widely opened to create public opinion. "Wu Zetian is the reincarnation of a bodhisattva, and the contemporary Tang Dynasty is the son of heaven." Then, he carefully planned the order of 60 courtiers competing for the throne at the head table. Please change the feat of this country. At this point, Wu Zetian certainly realized her long-cherished wish to change the Tang Dynasty into a "Zhou", because she is an "emperor of the holy spirit" and has the voice of "respecting the sun", "obeying the will of the people" and "Long live". . This year, she was 67 years old.
If we say that Emperor Wu Zetian showed amazing political strategies and means in politics during his ruling political career thirty years ago. Then, as an emperor for more than ten years, she fully demonstrated her outstanding political talent and courage as a politician in employing people, being diligent and serving the country. One day after the online emperor, more attention was paid to the selection and use of personnel. She believes that "nine wide fields and strengthen the wings that a person will line up." Where can "one country" and "set the border" talents? She doesn't care about her family background, is not qualified, and uses all her previous money. In order to recruit talented people, she developed and improved the imperial examination system since the Sui Dynasty, liberalized her work, allowed herself to serve as an official, take an official examination, and set up personnel other than officials. In addition, she also initiated the imperial examination system in Wu He, discovered talents more widely, and created favorable conditions for recruiting talents. For example, the famous Guo Ziyi in the Tang Dynasty was a "different self", so in the policies of her era, there were always a group of "literate as a person" and "military leaders who stopped fighting" to win their energy minister, which effectively safeguarded the five-state system.
Heaven also attaches great importance to agricultural production. She said: "The foundation of this country lies in farmers' homes." "Farmland is rich in millet and millet, and many people have money." She promoted local officials in order to make "land reclamation and families redundant"; "Rough abuse of politics, explanation of mobile transfer" and "slight degradation, even if it is not a one-time solution." Therefore, during her reign, agriculture and handicrafts developed greatly. A growing population. According to statistics, there were 3.8 million families in Yonghui at that time. By the time the Year of the Loong died, it had increased to 6150,000 US dollars, almost doubling. Only this, we can see the development of agricultural economy in this period.
Great efforts have been made in resisting foreign aggression, maintaining border areas and improving the relationship between neighboring countries. The invasion and harassment of Tibetan nobles will be resolutely resisted and countered every day. After two years of longevity (692), she sent general Wang Xiaojie to defeat the Tubo, recapture the four towns of Anxi, and re-establish the capital of Anxi in Qiuci. Later, the North Court was set up in the state court to consolidate the northwest frontier defense and open a "Silk Road" that was interrupted and led to Central Asia. In the policies of her time, she adhered to the policy of reclaiming land militarily. During the fiscal year, Lou Shi calibrated the governor of Fengzhou to "spare millions of soldiers." In the first year of Dazu (70 1), Guo served as the governor of Liangzhou, insisting that "rations can last for decades" for five years. Wu's Changmeida is so big. Border development plays a positive role in reducing people's labor and blood transfusion and consolidating border defense.
Of course, Wu has been in power for nearly half a century, and there have been many mistakes. She rewarded the informer with cruel officials. As a result, many officials flew into a rage. They tortured, killed innocent people and framed others, so many civil servants suffered injustice. Although the consolidation of Wuzhou regime has played a certain role, the internal contradictions of the ruling group have intensified, and everyone is afraid for himself, which will inevitably affect the governance and production development of the country. She chose the palace freely, which caused the bureaucracy to drop sharply. Increasing the expansion of bureaucracy will inevitably increase the burden on the public. In her later years, she lived a luxurious life and spent a lot of money and labor. This will affect and delay the development of productive forces to varying degrees. However, these mistakes and mistakes are, after all, a tributary of Wu Zekun's political career. As the only female emperor in the history of China, she was able to overcome all difficulties. Ruled for half a century, the powerful centralization has formed a "Romance of the End" with social stability, economic development and order. Next, "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng" will get rid of the existing problems, develop production, improve the imperial examination, break the concept of the door valve and appoint talents in an eclectic way. Compared with the historical achievements of drastic reforms, it is also a historical trend. Her historical merits and demerits, like a "monument" she set for herself, can only be evaluated and judged by history.