Bo Ya, a senior official of the Jin State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, was originally from Yingdu, Chu State (today's Jingzhou, Hubei Province). After textual research, Boya was originally named Bo. It is said that his "surname is Yu Mingrui and the given name is Boya" was a fabrication in the novel by Feng Menglong, a novelist in the late Ming Dynasty. Before that, "Historical Records", "Xunzi", "Qin Cao", "Bo Ya" is used in "Liezi" and other books. Gao You of the Eastern Han Dynasty noted: "Bo's surname, Ya's name, may be Ya", and the modern "Ci Yuan" also noted: "Bo's surname is Ya's name". Boya was a famous luther player at that time. He was good at playing the lyre and had superb skills. He is both an expert piano player and a composer, and is respected as the "Piano Immortal". "Xunzi Encouraging Learning" once said that "Bo Ya played the piano while the six horses leaned back", which shows his superb playing skills. "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals: Original Flavor Chapter" records the story of Boya playing the drum and harp and meeting a close friend, and Zhong Ziqi understanding that the music of the harp was in the mountains and flowing water. "Qin Cao" records: Boya failed to learn the piano for three years, so his teacher Chenglian took him to Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea to listen to the surging sea water and the mournful sounds of birds, so he wrote "Darcissus Cao" based on his feelings. The current qin music "High Mountain", "Flowing Water" and "Shuixian Cao" are all works by the legendary Boya. Later generations also created the qin song "Bo Ya Diao Zi Qi" based on the story of Boya throwing his qin to thank his close friend. There are many records about Boya in the literature of the past dynasties. The earliest one can be seen in Xun Kuang's "Encouragement to Learning": "In the past, the gourd played the harp, and the sunken fish came out to listen; Boya played the harp, and the six horses raised their heads." Use exaggerated techniques to express the vividness and beauty of his music performance. In "Lu Shi Chun Qiu" and "Lieh Zi", the story of Boya and Zhong Ziqi is recorded, which has been passed down by later generations. According to "Lu's Spring and Autumn Period." "Benwei Pian" records: Boya plays the harp, Zhong Ziqi listens to it, Fang plays the harp and aims at Mount Tai. Zhong Ziqi said: "It's so good to play the harp! It's as tall as Mount Tai." When I was young, I was determined to live in flowing water. Zhong Ziqi said: "It's so good to play the harp, it's as smooth as flowing water." When Zhong Ziqi died, Boya smashed the harp and cut off the strings. The record in Liezi Tangwen is: Boya was good at playing the drum and harp, and Zhong Ziqi was good at listening. Boya played the harp and played the harp, aiming at high mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's as tall as Mount Tai!" His goal was on flowing water. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is. It's as vast as a river!" What Boya was thinking about, Zhong Ziqi said You must get it. When Ziqi died, Boya said that there would be no more music in the world. He would break the strings of his harp and never play the drum again for the rest of his life. "Qin Cao" and "Yuefu Jiejie" record the story of Boya learning the piano: Mr. Cheng Lian, a famous qin player, was Boya's teacher. Boya studied the piano with Cheng Lian for three years but did not make much progress. Cheng Lian said that he could only teach piano playing skills, but his teacher Wan Zichun was good at empathy, so he took Boya to Donghai to ask Wan Zichun for advice on empathy. But when Boya arrived at the East China Sea, he didn't see Wan Zichun. He only saw the raging waves, the deep forest and the mournful birds. Boya's heart suddenly brightened up, and he said with emotion: "Sir, I love you!" So he created "Narcissus Exercises".
Edit related events in this paragraph
The story of Boya playing the harp "meeting a bosom friend in high mountains and flowing water" has been passed down through the ages, and the word "bosom friend" has been widely recited. Yu Boya met Zhong Ziqi
According to records, one year, Boya was sent to Chu as an envoy on the order of the King of Jin. On August 15th, he took a boat and arrived at the mouth of Hanyang River. Encountering wind and waves, we anchored at the foot of a hill. At night, the wind and waves gradually calmed down, the clouds opened and the moon rose, the scenery was very charming. Looking at the bright moon in the sky, Boya became very excited about playing the piano. He took out the piano he brought with him and started playing it with concentration. He played one song after another. Just as he was completely immersed in the beautiful sound of the piano, he suddenly saw a man standing motionless on the shore. Boya was startled. He exerted force with his hand, and with a "pop" sound, one of the strings was plucked. Boya was guessing why the people on the shore were coming, when he heard the man say to him loudly: "Sir, don't be suspicious. I am a firewood collector. I came home late. When I came here, I heard you playing the piano. I thought the sound of the piano was so wonderful that I couldn't help but stand here and listen to it." Boya took a closer look under the moonlight and saw that there was a load of dry firewood beside the man. It turned out to be a firewood collector. Boya thought to himself: How can a woodcutter who collects firewood understand my piano? So he asked: "Since you know the sound of the piano, please tell me what kind of music I am playing?" After hearing Boya's question, the firewood man smiled and replied: "Sir, What you just played was a piece of music in which Confucius praised his disciple Yan Hui. Unfortunately, when you played the fourth sentence, the string broke." Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi
The woodcutter's answer was absolutely correct. , Boya couldn't help but be overjoyed, and hurriedly invited him to board the boat to talk in detail. When the woodcutter saw the harp played by Boya, he said, "This is the Yao harp! According to legend, it was made by Fu Xi." Then he told the origin of the Yao harp. After hearing what the woodcutter said, Boya couldn't help but admire him secretly.
Then Boya played a few more songs for the woodcutter and asked him to identify the meaning. When the sound of the piano he played was majestic and high-pitched, the woodcutter said: "This sound of the piano expresses the majesty of the mountains." When the sound of the piano became fresh and smooth, the woodcutter said: "The sound of the piano that he played next expressed the majesty of the mountains." The sound expresses the endless flowing water." Boya couldn't help being surprised. No one could understand what he expressed with the sound of the piano in the past, but the woodcutter in front of him could understand it clearly. Unexpectedly, under this wild ridge, he would meet the soulmate he had not been looking for for a long time, so he asked the firewood collector's name Zhong Ziqi and started drinking with him. The more the two talked, the more they became attracted to each other. They met each other late and became sworn brothers. We have agreed to meet here again during the Mid-Autumn Festival next year. Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi
The Mid-Autumn Festival of the second year after Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi parted in tears, Boya came to Hanyang River Estuary as promised, but he waited and waited, but Zhong Ziqi never came to keep the appointment, so He then played the piano to summon this close friend, but after a long time, no one came. The next day, Boya asked an old man about Zhong Ziqi's whereabouts. The old man told him that Zhong Ziqi had unfortunately died of illness. Before his death, he left his last words that he would build his tomb by the river so that when we meet on August 15th, we can hear the sound of Boya's harp. After hearing what the old man said, Boya was extremely sad. He came to Zhong Ziqi's grave and played the ancient song "High Mountains and Flowing Waters" sadly. After playing, he broke the strings, sighed, and smashed his beloved Yao Qin to pieces on the bluestone. He said sadly: My only soulmate is no longer alive, who else can I play this piano for? "The friendship between the two "bosom friends" moved future generations, and people built a guqin stand where they met. To this day, people still often use the word "bosom friend" to describe the friendship between friends. The poems of the two people that have been recited through the ages : The phoenix tail of the Yao Qin is broken, Ziqi is no longer playing to whom! The spring breeze is full of friends, it is difficult to find a close friend.
Edit this section of the Qintai ruins
Encounter with Yu Boya playing the qin. There are currently two disputes about the Zhiyin site: one is the Boya Qintai (also known as the Guqin Platform) on the bank of Yuehu Lake in Hanyang District, Wuhan City, and the other is the tuning mouth of the Hanyang Guqin Platform in Diaoguan Town, Shishou City. Built in the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, it was destroyed by artillery fire during the Anti-Japanese War. It was rebuilt after liberation. Yatai, located at the west foot of Guishan Mountain in Hanyang and on the east bank of Yuehu Lake, is a memorial building built to commemorate Yu Boya's encounter with his close friend Zhong Ziqi while playing the piano. According to legend, in ancient times, a piano master named Yu Boya played the piano here to express his feelings. The woodcutter Zhong Ziqi understood that his ambition was in the mountains and the flowing water, and the two became close friends. Later, when Zhong Ziqi died of illness, Yu Boya was so sad that he broke his qin in front of his friend's grave and stopped playing the qin. This is where the allusion comes from. The Guqin Platform was built by later generations to commemorate this pair of close friends. It was destroyed and rebuilt many times in the early Qing Dynasty. Bi Yuan, the Governor of Huguang, invited Wang Zhong to rebuild the Guqin Platform. He ghost-wrote "The Inscription of Qintai" and "Bo Ya Shi Kao", which were highly praised by the people of the time. In the 10th year of Guangxu (1884), Huang Pengnian wrote "Reconstruction of Qintai in Hanyang" (16th year of Guangxu). In 1890), Yang Shoujing presided over and personally wrote elixirs. He re-engraved "Inscriptions on Qintai", "Bo Ya Shi Kao" and "Reconstruction of Qintai in Hanyang" in the stele gallery of Qintai, and wrote "Guqin". The three characters "Tai" are engraved on the lintel of the gate. The Guqintai complex covers an area of ??15 acres. It is small in scale and exquisite in layout. The main buildings are associated with courtyards, forest gardens, flower beds, and teahouses, with clear levels. The cloisters in the courtyard are folded according to the situation, opening up the virtual and the real. The builders made full use of the topography and the skillful "borrowed scenery" technique in Chinese garden design, and cleverly borrowed the landscape of Guishan and Moon Lake to form a vast and far-reaching art. When visiting the Guqintai, enter the main gate, pass through the small courtyard, and exit the right door of the tea garden. The entrance is the "Yinxin Stone House" written by Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty placed inside the yellow tiles and red columns. There is a small door on the east side of the screen wall. The word "Qintai" on the front of the door is said to have been written by Mi Fu, a famous calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. After entering the door, there are stone carvings from past dynasties and the renovated Qintai steles on the corridor walls. Further ahead is the Qintang, also known as the Friendship Hall. The square stone platform made of white marble in the courtyard in front of the hall is the qin platform that symbolizes Boya playing the qin. Shanxian Qintai Qintai: Located inside the south moat of Shanxian County, it is said that it was the place where Mizi played the qin in his spare time during the Spring and Autumn Period. , hence the name Qintai. Qintai was built by Tao Mian, a county official in the Tang Dynasty. It is round in front and in the shape of a half moon. It is also called Half Moon Platform or Shanfu Platform. The great poets of the Tang Dynasty, Gao Shi, Li Bai and Du Fu, visited it together and wrote poems. Quite a lot. In October 1945, the "Huxi District Anti-Japanese War Martyrs Memorial Tower" was built on the former site of Qintai.
Edit relevant records in this paragraph
"Lie Ziwen" by Lie Yukou of Zheng Dynasty during the Warring States Period: Boya played the harp, Zhong Ziqi was good at listening, Boya played the harp, and his ambition was high in the mountains. , Zhong Ziqi said: "It's good, it's as tall as Mount Tai." Aiming at flowing water, Zhong Ziqi said: "It's good, it's like a vast ocean." What Boya wants, Zhong Ziqi will definitely get it. When Ziqi died, Boya said that there would be no more music in the world. He would break the strings of his harp and never play the drum again for the rest of his life. Translation: When Boya was playing the piano, Zhong Ziqi was watching. When Boya played, he meant the mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "It's so good! The sound of the piano is like the towering mountains." Boya meant the flowing water. Zhong Ziqi exclaimed: "It's so good!" The sound of the piano is like the never-ending river. "No matter what Boya was thinking (while playing), Zhong Ziqi could always express his thoughts accurately. After Zhong Ziqi's death, Boya felt that he could never find a soulmate who understood him better than Zhong Ziqi. , so he broke his qin and never played it again. There is a couplet in the Qintai Garden: The ambition is in the mountains, and the ambition is in the flowing water. One guest is a woodcutter, and another is playing the qin. The first couplet comes from "Liezi. Tang Wen": "Bo Ya is good at playing the drum and harp, and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening. Boya plays the drum and harp, aiming high in the mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's as tall as Mount Tai"! Aiming at the flowing water, he said: "How good it is, it is as vast as a river." "The second couplet comes from "Poems. Real Scenes": "The music of the clear stream, the sound of green pines, one guest is carrying wood, and the other is playing the harp. "This couplet is as clear as words. Although it is a collection of sentences, it is easy to pick up. It is seamless, the scenes are blended, and it is full of fun. "Xunzi. Encouraging Learning Chapter" has a record of Boya playing the harp and the six horses raising their heads, and he is considered to have superb qin skills. However, according to "Le Fu Jie Qi": Boya learned the piano from Mr. Cheng Lian, but failed in three years. Later, he followed Cheng Lian to Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea, where he heard the roar of the sea and the sound of the wailing of the islands. This inspired him to sing with the help of the qin, and his qin art has greatly improved since then. It is said that the qin music "High Mountains and Flowing Waters" was his work, and the other ancient qin music "Shuixian Cao" was also composed by Boya. Today, "High Mountains and Flowing Waters" is an allusion to meeting a close friend. The first episode of "The Legacy of Xuanhe of the Song Dynasty": "There are many things that can be said about the rise and fall of people, and there are close friends in the mountains and rivers." The first chapter of Yuan Jin Renjie's "Chasing Han Xin": "I sigh that no one knows about good gold and beautiful jade, but I hate that there are so few close friends in the mountains and rivers." "Mountains and flowing water" can also be used to describe the sublime music. Yuan Yuling of the Qing Dynasty's "The Romance of the West Chamber. Sick Meeting": "Qing merchants walked around the painted beams, each sound and word, thousands of melodious, admiring the mountains and flowing water." "There is a poem about the guqin stand: The remaining ashes of the phoenix marsh are buried here, and the elegant charm is left in the empty space to build the harp stand. Why should you die if you have no beauty in your chest? If you have close friends in the world, you don't need a matchmaker. White hair loses loneliness for no reason, and the sound of the bamboo loses sorrow. The fence is old, and cormorants occasionally come around.