Tang Yinzi Bohu is a famous painter and poet in history. He is not only recognized as the first of the four gifted scholars in the south of the Yangtze River, but also ranked in the top four in the Ming Dynasty. His paintings and calligraphy works are now in many museums around the world. Tang Yin was born in Suzhou during Chenghua period. He met Zhu Zhishan and Wen Zhiming at the age of 65,438+03 and 65,438+05, respectively, and entered Suzhou House as the first place at the age of 65,438+05.
/kloc-At the age of 0/9, Tang Yin married Xu, and at the age of 25, his father died. Since then, his mother, wife, children and sister have died one after another, and his family has become increasingly poor. Encouraged by Zhu Zhishan, he is preparing for the imperial examination. But during my research, I hung over with my friends every night, which made the examiner very disgusted. Fortunately, the Suzhou magistrate begged for mercy, which was recorded at the end of the list.
Since then, Tang Bohu's political career has been difficult, but after the provincial examination, he was demoted for being involved in the imperial examination case. From then on, he refused to hold a small official position. 365,438+0 years old, unhappy marriage, divorced from his wife. After wandering in four places, he fell ill and rested at home for a long time.
After separating from his brother, Tang Bohu made a living by selling paintings, indulged in debauchery every day, and gradually became stiff with Wen Zhiming. Since then, he has created more paintings and calligraphy works. 1508, Tang Bohu built a new house, Taohua Temple and Mengmo Pavilion. The next year, his nephew died when he was only twelve years old. Tang Bohu painted poems for him. At the age of forty, he painted poems for himself.
Tang Yin's famous masterpiece.
Tang Yin is a famous scholar in history. He wrote a lot of books. Up to now, he has left behind some paintings, such as Homesick Riding on a Donkey, Song of Mountain Road, Mingming Map, Wang Shu Palace Prostitute Map, Li Duan's Mansion Map, Autumn Style Map, Qiuci Brutalization and so on, which are kept in different museums around the world.
Among them, the picture of riding a donkey collected by Shanghai Museum is 77 cm long and 37.5 cm wide. The overall color of the painting is elegant, depicting a pleasant scene of wild flowers all over Shan Ye and mountains and streams flowing layer by layer. The winding path in the painting connects the trembling bridge with the hut in the mountain. Along the way, there are woodcutters who come back from chopping wood and cross the river with their backs paid, and there are also literati sitting on the backs of donkeys, which strongly reveal the emotional state of literati who want to hide in the city.
Tang Yin's brushwork first studied under Chen Zhou, and then surpassed Li Tang. He gradually adjusted and changed the brushwork of his ancestors, from vigorous and tough to relaxed and natural sketching and folding, so that he could use it flexibly. In this painting, Tang Yin's painting method is familiar. The lines of the rock and the folds of the trunk are reconciled with wet ink, and a large area of axe-shaped water lines are dyed into strips, which makes the peaks beautiful and meticulous, and naturally avoids being too stiff. At this time, the painting has been able to show Tang Yin's painting style.
By observing the inscription in this painting, we can roughly infer that it was written by Tang Bohu after he failed to make the list at the age of 37. He claimed to be "begging for books without bundles", which showed his inner loneliness and helplessness.
Tang Bohu's paintings are both skillful and literary, and the rich output makes them of infinite significance. Different paintings have different styles and paintings, and also express his thoughts and feelings in different situations.
When it comes to Tang Bohu, the most impressive thing is his position in painting, which makes him a genius in Ming Dynasty. He broke the door, which was a groundbreaking milestone. But in fact, he is also very accomplished in calligraphy, and his handwriting is very romantic and personal, especially the fallen petal poems, which are absolutely excellent.
Zhao Mengfu was the founder of calligraphy. Later, he widely imitated the calligraphers such as Mi and Yan, and showed different changes in different periods. Generally speaking, his calligraphy process can be divided into four stages.
In the first stage, Tang Bohu stayed in his hometown before the age of 30, which was closely related to the writing of similar age. Therefore, their calligraphy is very close. Both originated in Zhao Ti, and their strokes are round, dignified and beautiful.
The second stage is the period when Tang Bohu was frustrated in his official career and drifted abroad after his husband and wife separated. At this stage, he made a living by selling calligraphy and painting, pursuing tang style in calligraphy, paying attention to the regularity and esteem of fonts, writing dignified and full fonts, and writing official scripts. "Silkworm-headed Swallowtail" is very powerful, which lasted for about 36 years. His most classic poetry collection is this period.
The third stage, settled in Taohua Temple. At this time, he had no intention of official career and concentrated on his creation, reaching the peak of his artistic path. At this time, he studied Zhao Ti again, merged with Tang style, and formed his own style. His calligraphy has gradually matured, and he is also brilliant in beauty. There are quite a few works of this style, and the output of relics is also very large.
In the last stage, that is, in the ten years of his later years, he has seen through the world and retired to the Buddha. At this time, his calligraphy added a little more Mifei's intention, and he was frank and happy. At the same time, his strokes are diverse and comfortable. Tang Bohu is good at absorbing the essence of his ancestors. Whether painting or calligraphy, he can learn from others and form his own personal characteristics.
The story of Tang Bohu lighting Chou-heung.
The story of Tang Bohu lighting Chou-heung is a household name. This romantic love story of talented people and beautiful women is vividly interpreted in modern film and television dramas, and Tang Yin's bohemian image is also deeply rooted in people's hearts. But in fact, the story is pure fiction, Chou-heung is not that Chou-heung, and Tang Yin is not that Tang Yin.
Tang Yin is good at painting ladies and has also painted some erotic paintings. He takes officials, prostitutes, etc. As a model, people think that the theory of romantic talents is probably due to Tang Yin's nature. It is true that Tang Yin used to wander in romantic places in history, but it was a social fashion at that time. There is no record of Tang Yin's affair in history. If there is no smoke without fire, it can only refer to his bohemian personality and free and easy writing.
In fact, Tang Yin has had three wives. /kloc-married Xu at the age of 0/9 and had deep feelings. However, when he was 25 years old, his parents, wife and sister died one after another, which hit him hard. Later, I married another one, but I left him after he was caught cheating in the examination room. At the age of 36, Tang Yin married Shen nine niang, a confidante in distress, and lived in Taohuawu from then on until his death. Tang Yin, who was frustrated all his life, didn't have so many affairs. Where did the story of "lighting up Chou-heung" come from?
The embryonic form of Tang Bohu's story of igniting Chou-heung first appeared in the note novels of Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty novelist once told the story of another Suzhou genius, Chen Dianqiu Xiang, which was exactly the same as what he said in his ear. When the story reached Feng Menglong in the late Ming Dynasty, it became the marriage of Tang Jieyuan's "Warning the World with Laughter". As for the story of Tang Yin in traditional Chinese opera, Meng Chengshun's zaju Smile Before Flowers was the earliest in the late Ming Dynasty, and then it developed into San Xiao, where Wang Yuan's Yuan Tanci and Zhuo's Thousand Girls Flower Boat Yuan Zaju appeared.
After Qianlong and Jiaqing, this story was widely circulated in Suzhou Pingtan. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the folk song "Nine Beautiful Pictures" was circulating, and it began to be said that Tang Yin had married nine beautiful wives. Tang Yin was down and out all his life, and everything went wrong. With his poverty, even food and clothing are a problem. How can he have a wife and concubine?