After carefully reading a famous book, I believe everyone has accumulated their own reading insights. Why not write a review to record it? Maybe you have no clue now. Below is a sample essay on "Shuowen Jiezi" (generally 3 articles) that I compiled for you. I hope it will be helpful to everyone. Thoughts after reading "Shuowen Jiezi" 1
On January 29, my father brought me a very large book, which talked about the origin of many Chinese characters. The introduction of many Chinese characters surprised me, taking the word "I" as an example. The book says that the original meaning of this word, which was originally used to refer to oneself, is actually a murder weapon! It really scared me into a cold sweat. Later, through the following introductory text, I gradually understood. It turns out that after entering the Warring States Period, this kind of murder weapon was eliminated. After the Han and Tang Dynasties, he was widely used as a first-person pronoun, and gradually replaced the old first-person pronouns such as "yu", "yu" and "wu".
Just like the preface said: "These may sound incredible at first. But if you calm down and taste them carefully, you will get a kind of enlightenment and relief." I also feel this way. Whenever I tell you what I mean directly, you can't help but be surprised. However, every time the introductory text at the end of the article makes you clarify your thoughts and think again, you will always feel a sense of enlightenment. In my opinion, it is equivalent to the complete version of Xinhua Dictionary. The dictionary tells you the meaning of the word, but it also tells you a deeper level - the origin of the word. If you don’t read it, you won’t be able to freely travel through ancient articles; if you don’t read it, you won’t be able to fully understand Chinese characters; if you don’t read it, you won’t be able to gain more knowledge; if you don’t read it, you won’t be able to understand The stories behind various ancient texts such as oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions.
"Shuowen Jiezi" makes people understand the truth of Chinese characters. It is like an old man who is over seventy years old and wants to tell his grandson and great-grandson all the stories in his lifetime. We should satisfy such an "old man" and let him pass on to us all the huge stories connected by a small Chinese character. This is the secret of knowledge. Comments after reading "Shuowen Jiezi" 2
Opening "Shuowen Jiezi", there is Sun Xingyan's article after the preface: "The writings of the Five Classics in the three dynasties of Tang and Yu were destroyed by the Qin Dynasty, but they are preserved in "Shuowen Jiezi" "If you don't write "Shuowen", you almost don't know the six arts; if you don't understand the six arts, you can't re-recognize the ancient texts of the Tang and Yu three dynasties, and you can't understand the Five Classics." Through Sun Xu, the status and far-reaching influence of "Shuowen Jiezi" in the history of Chinese culture can be seen.
However, if I want to interpret and study "Shuowen Jiezi" in depth and comprehensively, I know that my ability is far behind, so I read the preface carefully and considered it repeatedly, and I gained some insights. Before describing what I have learned, I think it is very necessary to describe the background of Xu Shen’s life, his creative motivation and his own knowledge.
"Shuowen Jiezi·Preface" says: "If there are many of these, they are all inconsistent with Confucius' ancient prose and are wrong in history. The vulgar Confucians are playing with their habits, hiding what they hope to hear, and not seeing it. I have never seen the rules of calligraphy. I am weird about old skills but good at wild words. I use my knowledge as a secret to understand the subtle intentions of the sages." On the one hand, this reveals the "controversy between modern and ancient literature" that existed in society at that time, and on the other hand, it reveals the reason why Xu Shen wrote this article. "Jinwen Jing" refers to classics written in official script that was popular at that time, and "Guwen Jing" refers to classics written in ancient pre-Qin characters. At that time, "students competed to explain the meaning of Chinese characters". They speculated on the origin and structure of characters, saying that the character "长" means "horse-headed man", and the character "Dou" means "people holding ten". Tingwei When explaining the law, he also "divided the law with words" and said "a harsh person accepts money" as a "stop sentence". In response to the "wild words" such as "contemptuous people and vulgar Confucianism", Xu Shen appeared as an "Old Classics School" to criticize these "clever and heretical words", defend the academic status of the Ancient Classics theory, and provide relevant evidence.
If Xu Shen simply joins the fight between the two factions, his words may not be able to convince the public. However, when he was young, he was knowledgeable about classics, and what he studied was the modern classics. In his middle age, he studied classics like Jia Kui, a master of classical classics, and he studied the ancient classics. In this way, he understands ancient and modern scriptures at the same time, which makes his criticism of modern scriptures appear powerful, and the commentaries written in this capacity can also be convincing.
At that time, Xu Shen found a sharp weapon against the Jin Wen Jing school by focusing on "characters" for research, because explaining the characters one by one could rectify the Six Classics. function, to achieve the purpose of denying the speculations about the origin and structure of characters by "contemptuous scholars".
For today, the masterpiece "Shuowen Jiezi" is the culmination of writing and the exegesis of ancient classics. It clarifies the form and meaning of words and has an indelible effect on the development and practical operation of exegesis today.
In "Shuowen Jiezi·Preface", Xu Shen gave a very clear and complete definition of the "Six Books", and also gave examples, such as "One means referring to things. Refers to things. "Things can be discerned by looking at them, and meanings can be seen through observation. The second is pictograms. Pictograms are drawn into objects, and they can be interpreted according to the body." His "Six Books" theory is his profound understanding of character creation and the main basis for his creation of radical methods starting from glyph analysis. "Separate tribes live in different tribes, and do not mix toilets with each other" can be said to be the classification and arrangement method he came up with: the same tribes cluster together, and different tribes group together. There are tangible connections between different radicals. For example, "一,丄,shi,三,王" are connected by "一", from simple to complex, and gradually extended. The use of this arrangement method makes the radicals in the framework of the book strict and orderly, which is unprecedented. With 540 parts in total and 9353 words, and the form and meaning are clear, it is undoubtedly a masterpiece of philology and exegesis.
In "Shuowen Jiezi·Preface", there is another point that I particularly remember deeply, that is, to do knowledge, you must "believe and have proof" and "ignore the gaps."
When I read "Today's description of seal script is based on the ancient seal script, it is widely understood and understood by people. As for the big and small, I believe in one and have proof" and "It is unknown, it is like a gap", I I can't help but feel admiration. His interpretation of every word requires that his words must be well-founded. No matter how big or small his words are, they must be conclusively supported. If he does not know the truth, he will leave it in doubt. I would like to ask, how many people can implement this rigorous attitude today?
Qian Zhongshu once said: "Learning is the career of people with a sincere heart." That is to say, in learning, you must get rid of fame and fortune and always maintain sincerity. Only by being indifferent and clear-minded can you achieve peace and achieve great results. The knowledge comes.
But nowadays, some of the masterpieces that claim to be intellectual are full of clichés, empty words, and nonsense; some of them are insincere, and in the name of keeping up with the situation, they often go against their will or even flatter themselves; and some of them "learn from" Many other people's excellent works have been "optimized and combined" into paragraphs, but you don't have your own unique insights? Such behavior is an erosion of the pursuit of fame and profit and the style of business speculation. However, as far as the authors themselves are concerned, what they lack is not only the quality of scholarship, but also the character of intellectuals. This should be regarded as the pursuit of truth. Scholars and those who are truly learned are looked down upon!
Historian Fan Wenlan once said: "You have to sit on the bench for ten years without writing an empty article." This emphasizes that learning must be practical and seek truth from facts, and not be eager for quick success. In "Shuowen Jiezi·Preface" , I can understand this better. Xu Shen strived to "believe and have evidence" at that time. Maybe there were many factors that led him to do this. For example, he thought that the Jinwen Jing School was full of nonsense and lacked the attitude of "belief and evidence". , may "make scholars all over the world doubt", so he decided to eliminate these hidden dangers. Another example is that he believed that "the writing is the foundation of economics and the beginning of kingship", so words must be well-founded and so on. But these are irrelevant. What is important is that people today should be inspired by their actions and learn with an honest and awe-inspiring heart.
A "Shuowen Jiezi" can collect nearly 10,000 characters, including nearly 8,000 pictophonetic characters. Among these pictophonetic characters, there are more than a thousand harmonic radicals. The physical structure of the characters helps us to understand the characters through the characters. We can examine its original meaning through its form, that is, the meaning represented by the word when it was produced, and then we can understand the extended meaning through the original meaning. This achieves the effect of using simplicity to control complexity and better grasping the meaning of words. At the same time, Xu Shen quoted a large number of materials from pre-Qin classics when explaining the meaning of the word. He also "learned from many people" and quoted a large number of remarks by classics masters and some dialects and slang. These materials are now either incomplete or lost. Therefore, "Shuowen Jiezi" is very valuable for examining the meanings of pre-Qin words and understanding the exegesis and dialects of the Han Dynasty.
But as far as the preface is concerned, I can only get a glimpse of its content, and cannot talk about the structure or even the value of the entire book in detail or even roughly. But one thing is for sure, I generally I understood Xu Shen's intention in writing "Shuowen Jiezi" and realized that its value far exceeded my imagination. What is particularly worth mentioning is that I further felt how real scholars do learning. This is beyond the "Shuowen Jiezi" "Shuowen Jiezi" itself, downplaying its meaning and its inextricable connections with other fields, left a strong mark in my heart. It can be regarded as my personal gain after reading it.
Thoughts after reading "Shuowen Jiezi" 3
Because I have taught low-level Chinese for many years, I spend more time studying how to teach children to read. Some time ago, I went to a bookstore and specially purchased "Shuowen Jiezi" "A book, read it carefully.
"Shuowen Jiezi" is my country's first philology monograph that analyzes glyphs and studies the origins of characters. It is a brilliant masterpiece in the history of Chinese philology and the world's first large dictionary.
It is said that in 1926, only Guo Moruo could understand oracle bone inscriptions because he read "Shuowen Jiezi". I once saw this sentence in a book: "If Qin Shihuang unified China with force, then Xu Shen used a book to unify Chinese characters, standardize the shape, pronunciation, and meaning of Chinese characters, and also standardize a culture. Framework." As a primary school Chinese teacher, we should study it more.
According to statistics, there are about 100,000 Chinese characters, which can be described as a vast ocean. It is impossible to fully analyze it. Therefore, the book "Shuowen Jiezi" written by the editorial board of "Thread-bound Classics" selects about 300 representative Chinese characters from a unique perspective and conducts a detailed and in-depth analysis in three chapters: First The first chapter is "The Most Surprising Chinese Characters", which analyzes more than a hundred typical Chinese characters with completely different original and modern meanings; the second chapter is "The Most 'Chinese' Chinese Characters. Through the analysis of each character, the system Explain the concepts of yin and yang, the five elements, the eight trigrams, the stems and branches, the twelve zodiac animals, and the five constant elements that best represent the Chinese traditional culture and value system; Chapter 3 analyzes the most important concepts such as "birth", "old age", "disease", and "death". The most representative Chinese characters are closely related to life. The analysis of each character is divided into four sections:
The first section mainly explains the pronunciation and basic meaning of the character.
The second section is "Tracing the Origin of Chinese Characters", starting from the original glyphs and exploring the origins of Chinese characters. This section allowed me to know the origins of many Chinese characters and the amazing achievements of our ancestors in creating Chinese characters. Wisdom, understanding the splendid culture of the ancient Chinese civilization for more than five thousand years; understanding the origin of words helps us explore the evolution of each word, and understand the social structure, industrial and agricultural production, military transportation, religious beliefs, culture and art of ancient China Appearance.
The third section is "Character Evolution". This section let me know that "Oracle Bone Inscriptions", also known as "Qiwen", "Turtle Shell Inscriptions" or "Turtle Shell Beast Bone Inscriptions", are a type of Chinese characters. This is an ancient writing. Since oracle bone inscriptions are mainly written on tortoise-shell animal bones with sharp knives, and tortoise-shell animal bone inscriptions are very hard, the strokes are mainly straight and rarely rounded. The writing method is not fixed, with different sizes and random. The characters are large, but the lines are thin and uniform. So far, about 150,000 pieces of oracle bone inscriptions have been discovered, with more than 4,500 single characters, and about 1,500 of them have been successfully read, of which about 300 Chinese characters are based on these. Symbols are arranged and combined, so oracle bone inscriptions are an important way for us to understand the shape, sound and meaning of Chinese characters.
"Bronze inscriptions" are characters engraved on bronze, so they are also called "Zhongding inscriptions". It became popular in the Western Zhou Dynasty at the end of the Shang Dynasty and was used until the Han Dynasty. Compared with oracle bone inscriptions, the inscriptions on bronze inscriptions have thicker lines, more curved strokes, and more lumps.
"Xiaozhuan" is the first systematic writing in China. The standardization of writing styles was implemented after Qin Shihuang unified China and implemented the policy of unifying weights and measures of "books with the same text and carriages with the same rails". Prime Minister Li Si was responsible for abolishing various styles in the Six Kingdoms scripts that were different from the Qin scripts, and unified the Qin scripts. The inherent shape of seal script was omitted and modified, and some simplified and popular fonts in folk writing were absorbed and standardized to form a new font - Xiaozhuan.
The emergence of "official script" is another evolution of Chinese characters. The great reform brought the art of Chinese calligraphy to a new level and was a turning point in the history of the evolution of Chinese characters. It laid the foundation for regular script to be simplified instead of complex, with the shape of characters changed from round to square, and the strokes changed from straight to straight. The "pen" is a "broken pen", which moves from lines to strokes, making it easier to write. The styles are also becoming more diverse, which is of great value for artistic appreciation.
The fourth section is "Transformation of Word Meanings". This section helped me understand a lot of the original and extended meanings of Chinese character shapes.
This book has benefited me a lot. I have learned more about the formation rules of Chinese characters, the long history and profound cultural traditions of the Chinese nation. In the process of interpreting each character, I Knowing how to use traditional culture to analyze the structure of Chinese characters and understanding the shapes, sounds, and meanings of Chinese characters has laid the foundation for future literacy teaching in lower grades.