The earliest Spring Festival couplets were written by Xu Meng, a great master of the post-Shu Dynasty, "New Year's Qing Yu, Holiday Changchun".
A pair is an antithetical sentence, which consists of two pairs of sentences. The upper part is also called the upper branch and the lower part is also called the lower branch. The two couplets in the middle of the rhyme are antithetical sentences, and there are many antithetical sentences in the prose of Fu.
For thousands of years, Jia Lian has emerged one after another, becoming a treasure in the Chinese garden, sought after by scholars and loved by the people.
Couplets are based on the number of words in a single couplet (that is, a single couplet or a single couplet). The upper and lower couplets are four words, such as "Wumei, outstanding people". By analogy, there are five words, six words, seven words, eight words, nine words and a dozen words, which can be said to be many words. There are even dozens and hundreds of words called long couplets, such as the world's first long couplet written by Sun Zui of Daguanlou, Kunming, Yunnan, 180 words, 90 words. Another example is "Nanjing Changlian" written by calligrapher Huang Jiyun, with 256 words and 128 words.
After thousands of years of development and the tempering of literati, couplets have formed a complete set of norms and many stresses. For example:
The number of words is equal and the rhythm is consistent. The number of words in the upper and lower couplets must be equal, neither more nor less. The internal phonetic rhythm of the upper and lower couplets should be consistent, such as "God pities the grass, and the world loves the sunset", and both the upper and lower couplets are the rhythm of "212". Special exception: "Yuan Shikai is eternal, long live the people of China".
Parts of speech are relative and the structure is the same. That is, virtual to virtual, real to real; Noun to noun, verb to verb, adjective to adjective; The subject-predicate structure is opposite to the subject-predicate structure, the verb-object structure is opposite to the verb-object structure, and the juxtaposition structure is opposite to the juxtaposition structure ... For example, "it is enough to have a bosom friend in life, and the world should treat each other with the same bosom"; Another example is "the sun is like brocade and the wind is like willow."
Smooth and harmonious, harmonious timbre. Within a league, grades and levels alternate; Between the two couplets, the level and the level are opposite; The upper end is flat and the lower end is flat (flat).
Semantically related, connected from top to bottom, concise, concise, profound and memorable.
There are many kinds of couplets, including Spring Festival couplets, wedding couplets, birthday couplets, industry couplets, scenic couplets, gift couplets, satirical couplets, elegiac couplets and so on. In terms of figures of speech, there are word analysis couplet, homophonic couplet, mosaic couplet, top truth couplet, personification couplet, palindrome couplet and so on. From the content, there are positive, negative and flow pairs; From the perspective of breadth and severity, there are breadth and severity, and so on.
Couplets seem simple, but in fact they have profound meanings. It contains a wide range of knowledge, involving philology, exegetics, phonology, rhetoric, logic, astronomical geography, historical classics, social humanities, and everything. It's not easy to be a good couple. Being a good couple is definitely more like "singing a word and breaking a few hairs", so we must strengthen our study and constantly enrich ourselves.
Pairs have always been sought after not only by literati, but also by ordinary people.
Pairing can promote learning, develop wisdom, cultivate temperament, improve literacy, facilitate communication, connect feelings, promote good and punish evil, and promote harmony.
Recently, I occasionally paired up with netizens, not only for recreation, but also to exercise my brain to prevent Alzheimer's disease.