The Grand View Garden project was completed ... Jia Zheng attracted many diners to watch in the park, and temporarily drafted poems all the way. Hearing that Baoyu was good at couplets, he ordered him to go with him to test his talent.
From the winding path I walked through, I came to the cave through a sheltered depression, where there were beautiful trees, green onions and burning exotic flowers and grasses. "This area is very clean, flowing from the depths of flowers and trees to the cracks in the stones." The north side is flat and wide, with flying buildings on both sides inserted, and the lintel is carved and embroidered. Viewed from the pitch, clear water and snow fall, and stones rise through the clouds. White jade is a fence, surrounded by ponds, and stone bridges have pavilions (Qinfang Pavilion is the main transportation hub in the Grand View Garden);
Qin Fang
Borrow three reeds to surround the embankment;
The flowers on the other side are very fragrant.
Simple analysis
Qin Fang—The water is full of fragrance.
Borrowing the green flowers of willows around the embankment-water Ming Che, seems to borrow the emerald color of willows on the embankment.
The flowers on the other side share a pulse of fragrance-spring fragrance, as if sharing the flowers on both sides.
Around the embankment, across the embankment, water is in it. Three poles, in terms of depth; One pulse, seen from the flow, means water, but it is not on the word "water". Couplets have a special syntax, which is a rhetorical skill of poetic couplets.
Xiaoxiang Pavilion (Former Residence of Daiyu)
Ancient omen
Baoding tea is still green;
It's still cold to play chess in a secluded window.
Simple analysis
Baoding-the cauldron for making tea in Baoding. It turns out that when tea is boiling hot, there is smoke; When playing chess, my fingers feel cold. Now we talk about "tea break" and "chess break", both of which are the same, just to write about bamboo. Bamboo shade, so there is still smoke; Yin is cold, so it still looks cold.
In the novel, I also wrote in Xiaoxiang Pavilion that "the bamboo shadow outside the window reflects the screen window, the house is full of shade, and it is cold for several years" (back to the 35 th). This couplet is the same as Lu You's poem "The heavy curtain does not roll for a long time, and the ancient inkstone is slightly concave and gathers more ink" mentioned in the novel. This is to observe material things from trivial details to show a kind of leisure and elegance.
Man-made Garden Villa-Daoxiang Village (where Li Wan lives)
Apricot curtains are in sight
New Green Tian Huan Pavilion;
Protect Qin pickers.
Simple analysis
Apricot Curtain in Sight-Daoxiang Village: In the Tang Dynasty, Xu Hun's poem "Living in a secluded suburban garden at night" said: "The village path is dark around the pine leaves, and Chai Men is near the water." Tang Yin's poem "Spring Swallow in Xinglin" in Ming Dynasty said: "There are orioles on the branches of Populus davidiana and wine flags on the branches of red apricots."
Happy songs add new green-new green, fresh spring water. Pueraria lobata is a vine, which mostly grows in mountainous areas. Boil its fibers, wash them with tap water, and then you can weave ready-made clothes. The Book of Songs? Nan Zhou? Ge Tan's "Bo Huan My Clothes". It is said that this poem eulogized the "Queen's Virtue", but it was later named "Huangge Villa" in Yuan Chun. Later, it was named Daoxiang Village because there was a phrase in Daiyu's poem "Ten Miles of Rice Fragrance".
Good clouds smell good to protect Qin-this sentence implies a noble lady, just like Xiangyun sheltering Jia's family.
A good cloud means that clouds can give birth to colors, and it is also a metaphor for apricot flowers "steaming clouds with fire", so it is said to be "fragrant".
Qin pickers also refer to scholars.
This couplet is about mountains, water and apricot flowers, without the words "mountain", "water" and "apricot", which is quite skillful.
Hengwuyuan (Baochai's residence)
Yi Zhi qingfen
Singing cardamom is still beautiful;
Get enough sleep? Dreams are sweet.
Simple analysis
Singing a cardamom is still gorgeous-after singing a cardamom poem by Mu, my thoughts are still very carefree. Tang Du Mu's "Farewell Poem": "It has been more than thirteen years, and cardamom is in early February."
Cardamom, Alpinia katsumadai, blooms in spring, and the flowers are rolled in the tender leaves as soon as they are born, commonly known as fetal flowers, which is a metaphor for girls.
Get enough sleep? Dreams are sweet-this sentence has two meanings. First, flowers are as soft as sleep; First, people sleep sweetly among the flowers. Hey? Tumen, a rose plant, blooms in late spring.
To be exact:
Idiot has no intention of being the first;
Hard rock psychic nodding.
(Cataloging production: less black and white-Yu Xia, please indicate the reprint)
Friends spend like snow making up a narrative:
In fact, most people may not pay much attention to the section on correct quantity after the seventeenth test in the book. I always ignored this time at first, because the achievements of Haitang Society and Chrysanthemum Society were so brilliant that other chapters were often covered up. Later, after I liked couplets, I turned to reading them this time. Among them, I especially like the following two:
In spring in Qin Fang, the flowers bloom on the other side.
Apricot curtain is in the new green place of Wangdaoxiang village, which is beneficial to protect Qin pickers.
"Around the embankment/willow borrowing/three poles/green, across the bank/flowers/one pulse/fragrance". This anthropomorphic form of "Liu Borrow" and "Hua Fen" seems to be unique and commonly used in the Red Chamber, and even many antithetical sentences in the Seven Laws have followed this sentence pattern. Personally, I think this couplet is particularly good. The elegance of "winding" and the ethereal spirit of "borrowing" show the beautiful scenery along the riverside and the graceful and romantic state of weeping willows. On the surface, it is the embodiment of "Liu". The focus of this couplet is the word "Liu", but in fact it is more than that. Below ". Where did the "shoulder pole" (metonymic usage, referring to the boat on the river) come from? In fact, it still boils down to people who are hidden outside the literal. No matter how beautiful the landscape is, it will become lifeless without human existence and perception. However, if only the existence of people in it is set off without characteristics and contrast, then this elegant environment will suddenly become rigid and boring, losing the aesthetic feeling of harmony between man and nature. This couplet completely avoids the above two shortcomings. When the couplet focuses on the word "Liu" (real writing), it vaguely brings out the existence of the word "Han" (virtual writing). Combined with the natural beauty of the couplet, it is combined into a perfect couplet with picturesque and far-reaching artistic conception.
Look at the couplet of "Apricot Curtain in Sight (Daoxiang Village)", which reads: "New green flowers add a happy song, and good clouds are fragrant to protect Qin's picking". I also like this couplet very much. It is similar to the spring couplets in Qin Fang mentioned above, and even feels slightly better than the above couplets. The word "new rise" is unexpected, but it is fresh, nice and just right when used here. Especially the noun usage of the verb "sheng" is very vivid. The word "good cloud" is "good", which shows its true meaning in plain. And "green plus" and "fragrance protection" (also a "willow borrowing" structure) are even more ingenious! Judging from the artistic conception depicted in the couplets, the first floor is a low and near river, where Ge Huan used to be, and the second floor is a high and far mountainside cloud, where Qin herbalists are located. In this way, the scenery stretches from near to far, from static (scenery) to moving (characters), which makes the whole picture have a distant realm and vivid (unlike many people's understanding, the upper and lower sentences are completely irrelevant), and the combination of the upper and lower sentences can complement each other and form a fairyland-like beautiful landscape.
In addition to the beautiful couplets, the description of the characters' language attitude is also very lively and interesting. Read carefully in your spare time.
Appreciation of the arrangement of couplets in the Red Chamber (Ⅱ)
Ou Xiangxie couplets (Chapter 38)
The hibiscus shadow breaks into a blue paddle.
Lin Gou Xiang Shen Xie Zhu bridge
To annotate ...
The last sentence is that I didn't know the meaning of the ship until I saw the water moving and the shadow breaking; The next sentence says that the bamboo bridge is on the water of the lotus root, just like painting.
Distinguish and appreciate
The poetry of the first couplet is expressed by making sentences. If it is written as "When the blue oar returns, the lotus shadow will be broken", it will be unremarkable. This is an Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains written by the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei. Women, lotus leaves yield to fishing boats. " The second couplet depends on word refining. The fragrance here refers to the lotus root (eighty times). Xiangling said, "Not only the fragrance of flowers, but also the lotus leaf and lotus flower have fragrance. ...... ") The word" deep "is used to write a secluded place to express interest; The word "write" means that a bamboo bridge has been built here, which is picturesque.
Tanchun's couplets in the room (40th time)
Xia yin xian gu ge
A full career
explain
According to the book, this pair of couplets is the ink of Yan Zhenqing, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, and in the middle is the misty rain picture by Mi Fei, a painter in the Song Dynasty.
To annotate ...
The phrase "Yanyun" means that lazy people are like Yanyun, and Shan Ye people often keep company with Quanshi. Tanquan Rock uses the Tang people to swim in the rock. New Tang book? "Tian You Yan Chuan": Tian You Yan "entered Lushan Mountain, lived next to the temple of Xu You (an ancient hermit), and called himself' Dong Lai', but he could not recruit again and again." Gao Zongqin came to his door and said, "Is your husband better than you?" Answer:' I am a so-called' person with chronic diseases''.
Distinguish and appreciate
In feudal times, many intellectuals like to call themselves "strangers", "mountain people" and "scattered immortals" to show elegance and lofty. Some of them are out of dissatisfaction with the status quo to show their willingness to cooperate. But more often, while being an official, I thought about retiring from the countryside and went to the official career of the whole division. Or, while living a tour and enjoying a misty seclusion, you can still be an official and make yourself successful. Tan Chun is "smart" in managing the family. Her interest in these calligraphy and paintings (other furnishings in the room also explain the problem-why not modern people) is typical. Although it only shows her elegant side, it reflects the ideological interests of some feudal literati through the trivial matters of boudoir characters.