Shaanxi Huashan
From the top of the mountain, you can see all the mountains at a glance.
The Three Mountains and Five Sacred Mountains have been famous since ancient times. The three mountains refer to Mount Huang, Mount Lu, and Mount Yandang, and the five mountains refer to Mount Tai, Mount Huashan, Mount Heng, Mount Song, and Mount Heng. This article is the third of the Three Mountains and Five Sacred Mountains, Shaanxi Huashan.
Huashan
Huashan is located in Huayin City, Shaanxi Province. It is also known as "Xiyue", "Huashan", "Zhonghua Mountain" and "Taihua Mountain". It is the "most dangerous mountain in the world". It is also known as the "Top Ten Famous Mountains in China". Ancient Chinese civilization was within a radius of 500 kilometers centered on Huashan Mountain. Huashan Mountain is also known as the "Root of China". From Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty to During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, several generations of kings worshiped on Mount Huashan. The Taoist culture on Mount Huashan was prevalent and it was a holy place of the Quanzhen sect and was called the "Fourth Cave"
Historical trace
As early as the Neolithic Age 6,000 years ago, ancestors lived at the foot of Huashan Mountain. The name "Huashan Mountain" first appeared in "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" and "Yu Gong", that is, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The name "Huashan" is recorded in "Historical Records", both Huangdi and Yu Shun visited Huashan.
Because of the dangerous terrain, few kings visited Huashan before the Tang Dynasty. , were all held in the Xiyue Temple at the foot of the mountain. Qin Shihuang was the first to carry out sacrifices in Huashan. After the Han and Tang Dynasties, the tradition was followed from generation to generation, especially with the prosperity of Taoism in the Tang Dynasty. Taoists built temples in Huashan, and later in the north. "A road has been built in Huashan since ancient times" along the valley. In the 9th year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty (750), ministers asked for the title of Zen for Xiyue. Later, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered people to dig out the Huashan Road and set up a altar.
During the Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin promoted the rule of the world with Taoism.
During the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang dreamed of visiting Xishan and named Huashan.
During the Qing Dynasty, Shunzhi, Kangxi and Yongzheng. , Qianlong, and Guangxu continued to visit Huashan for worship.
Huashan was approved as one of the first batch of national scenic spots in 1982.
Legends
There are many legends on Mount Huashan. I won’t go into details here. Here are a few interesting and novel stories
Blowing the flute to attract the phoenix
It is said that during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Nong Yu, the daughter of Duke Mu of Qin, was smart, beautiful, and proficient in playing the sheng. The sound of the sheng was like the cry of the phoenix. Later, when choosing her son-in-law at "Fengtai", she said: "You must choose someone who is good at playing the sheng." "Later, she never got her wish. Until one day, she dreamed of a handsome man who said, "I am the owner of Mount Taihua, and God has ordered me to get married to you." "And played the first song of "Huashan Song" for her with Yusheng. After waking up, Nongyu told Duke Mu that he later sent minister Meng Ming to look for Huashan. Xiao Shi was found, and Xiao Shi played the first song, A gentle breeze blows in; when the second song is played, colorful clouds gather; when the third song is played, pairs of white cranes are seen dancing in the sky; several pairs of peacocks are gathered in the forest; for a while, hundreds of birds sing in harmony, and then disperse. So Mu Gong married his daughter Nongyu to him, and the couple was harmonious and loving.
One day, Xiao Shi taught Nongyu to play "The Song of Lai Feng" under the moonlight. After playing the flute, purple phoenixes came and gathered on the left side of the Fengtai, and a red dragon flew to occupy the right side of the Fengtai. Later, the two of them played the flute to attract the phoenixes, and followed the phoenixes to reach the fairyland.
Hidden Dust
Legend has it that Princess Nanyang, the daughter of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty, married Wang Xian. Wang Mang was in power at that time. The princess persuaded Wang Xian to leave to avoid the chaos, but Wang Xian refused. The princess left alone and went to live in seclusion at Baiyun Peak in Huashan Mountain. After a year of practice, Wang Xian came true and rode on the clouds. After suffering a lot in the court, Wang Xian went to Huashan to look for the princess. Under the guidance of the woodcutter, he only found the princess's embroidered shoes. When he wanted to pick them up, the shoes turned into embroidered shoes. Later, people called the place where the princess left her shoes Jiaheling and Baiyun Peak as Princess Peak.
White Dragon Pond and White Dragon Waterfall
The appendix of Pu Songling's "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" records that there was a dragon in Huashan Pond, and later a white dragon was far away from the main peak of Huashan Mountain, and then it became the current one. Bailongtan and Bailong Waterfall
Rootless Tree
In ancient times, in the south of the Jade Girl Temple at the middle peak of Huashan Mountain, without soil and water, a pine grew. See Not to the root. Later, people regarded the tree as a sacred tree. Burning incense to worship, but unfortunately the tree died during the Cultural Revolution, and now only dead trees can be seen.
Purple Cypress
Legend has it that in ancient times there was a purple cypress sacred tree on the main peak of Huashan Mountain. It can heal people and is also an elixir of life. It is also said that eating it can become an immortal.
Watching Chess and Lan Ke
It is said that a long time ago, there was a woodcutter named Wang Ke in Wangdao Village, Huayin. One day, he went up the mountain to cut firewood as usual and arrived at "Kongling Peak" , later he met several people playing chess. After watching, he forgot to chop wood. Time flew by. When he returned home, he found only a rusty axe, and he didn’t know anyone in the village. Later, he had to return Huashan went to practice Taoism. Later, people called this village "Wudao Village", and now it is called "Wangdao Village".
There are still ten unsolved mysteries in Huashan. The entrance of "Dongli Urn" is small, but there is a large black glazed urn; the three characters "Quanzhen Rock" are engraved on the cliff dozens of meters high; around the two huge rocks above the ladder, people will meet in the early morning on rainy days in summer and autumn. "Arcs in the sky" appear; at the south peak of Huashan Mountain, when the air is moist and the sun shines brightly, you can sometimes see "Buddha's shadow on a lotus platform"; at the spring and summer overpass, there are often "swallows holding the watch" when devotees burn their watches to worship the gods; in Canglong Ridge The word "Cloud Sea" is engraved on the cliff above the platform, and the inscription is unknown; the Yangtian Pool "does not dry up during drought, and does not overflow during floods"; the water color of Black Dragon Pond changes constantly; a "magic lantern for traveling mountains" appears at Jade Girl Summit; in Huashan Mountain On the ravine south of Yu Sanqing Hall, a rainbow bridge appears faintly, with people coming and going on the bridge.
Specially recommended
The main peaks of Huashan Mountain include five peaks: east, west, south, north and middle.
Beifeng (Zhenwu Hall, Jiao Gong Stone Chamber, Changchun Stone Chamber, Jade Girl Window, Fairy Oil Gong, Shentu Cliff, Yiyun Pavilion, Laojun Hanging Plow Place, Tienniu Terrace, Baiyun Wonderland Stone Archway, etc.)
On the west peak (Cuiyun Palace, Lotus Cave, Giant Spirit Foot, Ax Split Stone, Sacrifice Cliff, etc.), there is a huge stone on the top of the peak that looks like lotus petals. Ancient literati often called it Lotus Peak or Furong Peak.
South Peak (Yangtian Pond, Black Dragon Pond, Anyu Zhenren Shrine, Yingke Song Bagua Pond, Nantianmen, Chaoyuan Cave, Changkong Plank Road, Quanzhen Rock, Bizhao Rock, Eagle Wing Stone, Yang Gongting, etc. .) With an altitude of 2154.9 meters, it is the highest peak of Mount Huashan and the highest peak of the Five Mountains. The ancients respectfully called it the "Head of Mount Huashan".
Dongfeng (Qinglongtan, Ganlu Pond, Sanmao Cave, Qingxu Cave, Bajing Palace, Taiji Dongyuanmen and other ruins.)
Zhongfeng (Yunu Cliff, Yunv Cave) , Jade Girl Stone Horse, Jade Girl Washing Plate, etc.), also known as Jade Girl Peak.
Huashan has a strong Taoist culture.
So far, there are more than 20 Taoist temples, among which Yuquanyuan, Dulong Temple, Dongdaoyuan and Zhenyue Palace are listed as national key Taoist temples. , including Chen Tuan, Hao Datong, He Yuanxi and other famous Taoist masters.
Huashan Stone Carvings
Huashan Stone Carvings have been famous since ancient times. Ouyang Xiu once researched and organized the Huashan inscriptions before the Song Dynasty, and wrote a 10-volume monograph "Huashan Inscriptions and Postscripts", mainly studying the Tang Dynasty. During the 200 years of the DPRK, 532 people named Huashan. Later in the Qing Dynasty, Gu Yanwu and Wang Hong compiled the Huashan stone carvings into a volume and analyzed their authenticity.
Huashan Stone Carvings is a treasure house of calligraphy art and is known as the calligraphy museum engraved on cliff rocks. The calligraphy on the stone is a dazzling array of cursive, cursive, official and seal scripts, each with its own characteristics. Famous inscribers include Shengbao, Wu Dacheng and Shengyun in the Qing Dynasty, Sun Yat-sen and Zhang Daqian in the Republic of China, etc.
There are more than 210 famous scenic spots in Huashan Mountain, including the long sky plank road erected in the air, the kite turning in the sky on three sides, and the Thousand-foot Building, Baichi Gorge, and Laojun carved out of the cliffs. Furrows, etc., among which Huayue Cactus is listed as the first of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong.
The best months to travel to Huashan are from April to October. The 15th day of the third lunar month every year is the Mount Huashan Pilgrimage Day. Grand temple fairs and celebrations will be held, corresponding to spring, summer, autumn and winter. "Yunhua Mountain", "Yuhua Mountain", "Misty Huashan" and "Snow Huashan" all have their own unique flavor in each season.
Huashan’s specialties and delicacies include Bayi vermicelli, Ganoderma lucidum, jelly, large noodles, noodles, sesame seeds, buckwheat jelly, pot helmets, beef and mutton steamed buns, cold skin, pot stickers, tofu curd, noodles, Yellow River catfish, etc.