"2" A Confucius said, "He is also a filial brother, but few people are prone to make mistakes; It's not easy to make mistakes, but it's not easy to make mistakes. A gentleman's business,
Born from the foundation. Filial piety is also the foundation of benevolence! 」
[3] Confucius said, "のででででででででで! 」
"4" Ceng Zi said, "I visit myself three times a day-am I unfaithful to others? Don't believe in making friends? Can you pass it on? 」
Confucius said: "The country is a thousand times more loyal to things, saving money and loving others makes people timely. 」
[6] Confucius said: "Disciples are filial, and younger brothers are younger. They are sincere and believe, and people who love others are kind. You can study literature if you have spare time. 」
"7" Xia Zi said: "The sage changes color; Parents can do their best; As a gentleman, you can pass through him; Make friends and keep your word. Although I haven't learned it,
I call it learning. 」
[8] Confucius said: "A gentleman is not arrogant if he is not heavy; Learning is not solid. Lord is faithful. A man without friends is worse than himself. If you pass, don't be afraid to change. 」
"9" Zeng Zi said: "Be cautious in the end, pursue far away, and people's morality will return to thick. 」
"10" Qin Zi asked Zi Gong: "As for the country, your master will certainly hear about its politics and make peace, right? Depressed? Zi Gong said, "Master Wen,
Kindness, respect for others, frugality and helpfulness. What is the master's wish and what are the requirements of others? 」
"1 1" Confucius said: "The father is there, so watch his will; Father didn't, observe his actions; Three years without changing your father's ways can be described as filial piety. 」
"12" A Confucius said, "Harmony is the most precious gift. Wang Zhidao is the first, Sri Lanka is beautiful; Small and big. If you can't do something, you should know that you should make peace, not be polite.
It is also not feasible. 」
"13" A Confucius said, "If you believe in the near meaning, your words can be repeated. Politeness is closer to politeness than shame. Because you don't lose your loved ones, you can still live in it. 」
"14" Confucius said: "A gentleman does not eat enough and does not eat peace. If he is sensitive to things and careful about what he says, he will know the truth and be eager to learn. 」
"15" Zi Gong said, "Poor without flattery, rich without arrogance? Confucius said, "Yes; If you are not poor, you will be happy, and if you are rich, you will be polite. "son
Gong Yue: "There is a cloud in the poem:' If it is as sharp as a probe, if it is as polished as a mill', what does it mean? Confucius said, "If you give me something, you can tell me that your poem is finished. "
Know who's here. 」
16 Confucius said: "If you don't suffer from people, you don't know people. 」
Second in politics
"1" Confucius said, "Governing the country by virtue is like the land where Beichen lives and the stars are * * *. 」
"2" Confucius said, "There are 300 poems. In a word, he said "naively". 」
"The History of the Three Kingdoms" Confucius said: "The Tao is the government, and the punishment is made by punishment, and the people are shameless; Morality, courtesy, shame and dignity. 」
Confucius said, "Nine times out of ten, you are determined to learn, stand at 30, be puzzled at 40, know your destiny at 50, be obedient at 60, and be obedient at 70."
What the heart wants does not exceed the moment. 」
[5] Ask Xiao Meng. Confucius said, "No violation." Princess Fan Chi told me, "Sun Meng asked me about filial piety, and I said," There is no violation. 』」
Fan Chi said, "What is it? Confucius said, "The things in life are courtesy; Death, ritual burial, ritual sacrifice. 」
[6] Meng asked about filial piety. Confucius said, "Parents only worry about their illness. 」
[7] Ziyou asks filial piety. Confucius said, "Today's filial piety means that it can be raised. As for dogs and horses, both can be kept; Disrespect, why not? 」
[8] Xia Zi asks filial piety. Confucius said, "Color is difficult. If something happens, the disciple will handle it; There is food and wine, sir. Have you ever thought that this is filial piety? 」
"9" Confucius said, "I always talk back to you, and I don't violate it, just like a fool. It's enough to retire and keep your private life, but it's not stupid to come back. 」
"10" Confucius said, "Look at what it is, what it is, and what it is safe for. What about people? What about people? 」
[11] Confucius said: [Reviewing the past and learning new things can be a teacher. 」
"12" Confucius said, "A gentleman is not a tool. 」
"13" Zi Gong asked the gentleman. Confucius said, "Speak before you act. 」
"14" Confucius said, "A gentleman cannot compare with others, and a villain cannot compare with others. 」
"15" Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous. 」
"16" Confucius said, "If you attack heresy, you will hurt yourself. 」
"17" Confucius said, "by! Teach your daughter to know! A person's real knowledge lies in knowing what he knows and what he doesn't know. 」
"18" Zhang Xuegan's son Lu. Confucius said, "It is rare to be suspicious and cautious. See more danger, be cautious and regret less. Silent,
If you regret it, Lu will be among them. 」
Confucius studied hard all his life and especially liked the Book of Changes in his later years. The Book of Changes is difficult to read and difficult to learn, but Confucius is not afraid of suffering and reads it repeatedly until he understands it. Because paper was not invented in the era when Confucius lived, books were all written in bamboo slips or wooden slips, which were both stupid and heavy. Many bamboo slips are woven together with thongs to make a book. Because Confucius studied hard and often exhibited letters and bamboo slips, the pimp was broken three times. Later, people created the idiom "Bian Wei's Three Musts" to express Confucius' studious spirit.
During the Warring States Period, Su Qin was tired of studying day and night, so he stabbed himself in the leg with an awl to keep his head clear.
In order to prevent himself from falling asleep while studying, Sun Jing of Han Dynasty tied his hair to the beam with a rope, and he would be woken up as long as he dozed off. This is the story of "stabbing the stock and hanging the beam" in history.
Che Yin, Sun Kang and Kuang Heng in the Jin Dynasty were so poor that they couldn't even afford to buy oil for lighting. In the summer night, Che Yin made a small pocket with gauze, caught a few fireflies and put them in, reading by the light of fireflies; Sun Kang sat in the snow on a cold winter night, studying hard through the reflection of snow; Kuang Heng cut a small hole in the wall and "stole" a little light from his neighbor's house to read. These are the stories told by the idioms "A firefly reflects snow" and "Digging a wall to steal light".
Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, practiced calligraphy hard since childhood. Every time he finishes writing, he goes to the pond in front of his house to wash his brush. After a long time, a pool of clear water turned into a pool of ink. Later, people called this pond "Mo Chi". Through diligent study and hard practice, Wang Xizhi finally became a famous calligrapher, known as the "book saint".
Song Lian, a famous essayist and scholar in Ming Dynasty, was fond of learning since childhood. He was not only knowledgeable, but also wrote excellent articles, and was praised by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, as the "head of the founding civil servants". Song Lian loves reading very much, and those who don't understand always get to the bottom of it. Once, in order to find out a problem, Song Lian walked dozens of miles in the snow to consult Ji Meng, a teacher who had stopped accepting students, but the teacher was not at home. Undaunted, Song Lian visited the teacher again a few days later, but the teacher didn't see him. Because of the cold weather, Song Lian and her companions were freezing, and Song Lian's toes were frostbitten. Song Lian was rescued when he fell into a snow pit during his third solo visit. When Song Lian almost fainted in front of the teacher's house, the teacher was moved by his sincerity and patiently answered Song Lian's questions. Later, in order to gain more knowledge, Song Lian visited many teachers and became a famous essayist.
Late at night, the voice of reading suddenly came from the Buddhist temple. The young monk was frightened and thought there was a ghost inside, so he immediately reported it to the old monk. So the old monk led the young monk to catch ghosts. Unexpectedly, the "ghost" turned out to be a poor boy named Liu Xie, who was reading with a Buddha lamp. Liu Xie finally became a great literary theorist after studying hard.
Hua, a mathematician, has a different way of reading. Every time he reads a book, he doesn't read it from beginning to end, but closes his eyes to the book and guesses what is written in it. Don't open the book after thinking for a while. If the content of the book is consistent with his own guess, he will stop reading; If it's not what he guessed, he will watch it carefully. Hua's "guessing reading method" not only saves reading time, but also cultivates his thinking ability and imagination.
Hou Linbao, a language master, has only been in primary school for three years. Because of his diligence, he finally became a famous crosstalk performer. On one occasion, he wanted to buy a joke book "The Ridiculous Waves" of the Ming Dynasty, but he couldn't find it all over the old book stalls in Beijing. Only later did he know that Beijing Library had this book. It was winter, and he braved the snow and went to the library to copy books for 18 days in a row. He finally copied a book of more than 100,000 words.
Tong Dizhou was curious when he was a child. When he sees a question he doesn't understand, he often asks his father why. Father patiently explained to him every time.
One day, Tong Dizhou saw a row of pits neatly arranged on the stone steps under the eaves. He felt very strange. After pondering for a long time, he couldn't figure out what was going on, so he asked his father, "Father, who knocked out the small hole in the slate under the eaves?" What is this for? Seeing that his son was so curious, the father said happily, "It was not carved by people, but knocked down by water drops on the eaves. "Little Tong Dizhou is even more strange. Can water knock hard stones out of the pit? Father patiently explained: "Of course, a drop of water can't knock out the hole, but over time, knocking down bit by bit can not only knock out the hole, but also knock out the hole!" "The ancients not often say' drip wears away the stone'! This is the case. " Father's words stirred up ripples in Tong Dizhou's heart. He sat on the stone steps under the eaves, looked at his father and nodded his head.
Due to more farm work, Tong Dizhou lost some interest in learning and didn't want to study. Father patiently enlightened, Tong Dizhou said, "Do you remember the story of' dripping water wears away a stone'? Small eaves water can knock through hard stones as long as it persists all the year round. Is a person's perseverance not as good as eaves water? Learning knowledge also depends on bit by bit accumulation and perseverance to achieve success. " In order to better encourage Tong Dizhou, his father wrote down the four characters "Drops of water wear away the stone" and said hopefully, "You should take it as your motto and never forget it."
Since then, Tong Dizhou has integrated the spirit of "dripping wears away the stone" into his study. He made up his mind to be admitted to the then famous Ningbo Xiaoshi Middle School. He meticulously prepared for the exam and the whole family mobilized to support him. Tong Dizhou finally passed the primary school, but his grades were the lowest in the class. One night, Mr. Chen, a senior three math teacher, came back from work and found a thin figure shaking under the dim street lamp. Mr. Chen thought, "Who doesn't go back to the dormitory to sleep in the middle of the night?" Teacher Chen walked over with questions. It turned out that Tong Dizhou was doing the problem by street lamps. "Don't go back to the dormitory to rest so late?" "Miss Chen, I must hurry to catch up on my homework. I don't want to be the last one. " Teacher Chen looked at Tong Dizhou's thin body and advised Tong Dizhou to go back to rest with concern. Not far away, Tong Dizhou stood under a street lamp, reading a book in his hand. Teacher Chen was deeply moved. He deeply understands Tong Dizhou's ambition and is proud of having such a student. The final exam is coming, and Tong Dizhou has become the focus of the whole school. Finally, by his own efforts, he achieved an average score of 70 points in all subjects, including full marks in geometry, which caused a sensation throughout the school.
Later, when Tong Dizhou recalled his childhood, he said with emotion, "Effective two firsts have a great influence on my life. This let me know that I am no more stupid than others. What others can do, I can certainly do it through hard work. There is no genius in the world, and genius is bought with labor. "