The Meaning of "Hu" in Baijia's Surname

At present, Hu's surname ranks 13 in China and 30th in Changzhou. In the pre-Qin period, the Han people generally called the nomadic people north of the Great Wall "Hu people". Later, people often referred to the surname of the Hu people as "descendants of the Hu people." In fact, this is not accurate. Some Hu surnames do come from Hu people, but more Hu surnames come from Gui and Ji surnames: First, it is said that they are descendants of Hu, the founding monarch of Chen State, and Shun; Second, Zhou (Ji surname) named Hu an imperial clan, and later generations took Hu as their surname. According to the existing historical records, the earliest Hu surname in Changzhou was Hu Ying of the Northern and Southern Dynasties and Liang Dynasty, who served as the Lanling Order in the early years of Xiaoyan Prison in Liang Wudi, which has been 1500 years. The first Hu surname to become the number one scholar was Hu Yan, the number one scholar in high school in the second year of Song Jingde (1005). In ancient and modern Changzhou, there are many calligraphers and painters named Hu. In the Song Dynasty, Hu Shijiang, Hu Jiaoxiu and Hu were all famous calligraphers and engravers. There are 43 place names and historical sites related to Hu's surname in Changzhou. The origin of Hu surname can be traced back to the primitive tribal period. According to legend, there was a tribe with Pulsatilla as its totem at that time, which was Hu's ancestor. There are exact records about Hu in the Spring and Autumn Period of the Western Zhou Dynasty. There are two Hu Zi countries: one is Guixing, located in Fuyang, Anhui Province today, and was later destroyed by the State of Chu; One is the surname Ji, which is located in today's Yancheng, Henan after the Zhou royal family. There is an indissoluble bond between Hu surname and Chen surname, and Hu Gongman, the ancestor of Chen surname, is called the ancestor. Hu Gongman is also called Guiman. Later, he was a son-in-law, and was enfeoffed in Chen Guo (Huaiyang, Henan Province) as his father. However, there are five surnames of Chen, commonly known as "the five surnames of Gui", and Hu is one of them. After several years of changes, Hu became a big surname independently. Hu tribe with Pulsatilla as its totem was later annexed by other tribes. It can be inferred that Hu's surname is "a branch of Dongyi nationality". The ancestor of Hu surname is Hu Cao, and it is recorded that "Hu Zhide's surname, Gu Mo is in Hu Cao." To be sure, the emergence of the vassal state of Hu in the Spring and Autumn Period of the Western Zhou Dynasty is a continuation of the name of Hu tribe, which is related to the Hu tribe with Pulsatilla as its totem.